Current medical imaging reviews最新文献

{"title":"The Correspondence Between Magnetic Resonance Images and the \u2028Clinical and Intraoperative Status of Patients with Spinal Tumors.","authors":"Grzegorz Guzik","doi":"10.2174/1573405612666160128235556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573405612666160128235556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract introduction: </strong>Surgical treatment of tumors, particularly metastases to the spine, has become increasingly common owing to the progress in anesthesiology and spinal surgery and greater detectability. The patients qualified for surgeries are those with mechanical pain, fracture or at risk of vertebral fracture or neurological complications. The basis for qualification for different types of surgeries is clinical and imaging examination, particularly MRI and CT. Qualification should always be multidisciplinary and requires understanding and knowledge of its most essential aspects. When carrying out imaging examinations, it is necessary to assess the size and the type of the tumor, taking into account of differential diagnosis. One should also consider the factors indicating spinal instability or the onset of neurological deficits. The criteria developed by Kostiuk-Weinstain and Taneichi are used for that purpose. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correspondence between the most essential elements of clinical and MRI examination of the spine and the intraoperative status of patients with spinal tumors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We carried out prospective examination assessing the correspondence between the clinical status and MR images and the intraoperative spine. We introduced algorithm to describe the morphology of neoplastic lesions within the spine.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The information obtained from the clinical examination and the intraoperative status of the spine corresponded with the MRI examination with the exception of the assessment of neoplastic infiltration to soft tissues, dura mater and nerve roots. It was also found that there are no clear-cut MRI features allowing differentiation of metastatic lesions from primary tumors and osteitis. Furthermore, MRI examination does not allow for the assessment of the quality of bone tissue in the vicinity of the tumor.</p>","PeriodicalId":517994,"journal":{"name":"Current medical imaging reviews","volume":"12 2","pages":"149-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5078596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140290147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From axonal transport to mitochondrial trafficking: What can we learn from Manganese-Enhanced MRI studies in mouse models of Alzheimers disease?","authors":"Anne Bertrand, Dung M Hoang, Umer Khan, Youssef Z Wadghiri","doi":"10.2174/157340511794653478","DOIUrl":"10.2174/157340511794653478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Axonal transport perturbations are known to play a critical role in the pathological progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD); and Manganese-Enhanced MRI (MEMRI) provides a unique, non-invasive tool allowing for the <i>in vivo</i> evaluation of transport deficits in preclinical studies. In this paper, we provide a brief history of MEMRI, and review the current literature describing its biological basis. We propose a model of how manganese transport reflects both axonal and dendritic transport (termed \"neuronal transport\"), and potentially, mitochondrial trafficking in neurons. A framework for the analysis of MEMRI data is provided. It summarizes the significance of the various parameters describing manganese transport and the pathophysiological events that can alter their relevance, such as neuronal loss, gliosis and excitotoxicity. Lastly, we review publications describing different animal models of AD pathology that suggest the expression of either mutated human tau or mutated human amyloid ß alters neuronal transport, as measured by MEMRI. In this way, MEMRI correlates the <i>in vitro</i> observation of impaired axonal transport and mitochondrial mislocalization related to AD lesions, with direct <i>in vivo</i> data. Therefore, MEMRI has the potential to become a unique tool for assessing the effect of new AD treatments aimed at restoring neuronal transport and mitochondrial trafficking.</p>","PeriodicalId":517994,"journal":{"name":"Current medical imaging reviews","volume":"7 1","pages":"16-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}