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Social competition and the contingent legitimation of pay differentials in reform-era China 社会竞争与改革时期中国工资差距的偶然合法化
IF 4 2区 社会学
Chinese Sociological Review Pub Date : 2022-08-22 DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2022.2109013
J. Chen, Jin Jiang, Tony Tam
{"title":"Social competition and the contingent legitimation of pay differentials in reform-era China","authors":"J. Chen, Jin Jiang, Tony Tam","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2022.2109013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2022.2109013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study extends recent research on the social determinants of the preferences for distributive disparities. We drew on a recent survey of more than 58,000 participants from 335 large cities in mainland China and measured pay differentials with a vignette experiment about allocating bonuses between two secretaries of different performance levels. Our ordinal regression models adjust for city-level random effects and exploit variation in early-age exposure to the incentives for educational competition across 840 admission district-by-cohort sample groups. Our results show that a higher incentive for long-term educational competition is associated with higher levels of legitimate pay differentials among all groups except the highest-status group, thereby narrowing the status gap. A stronger competitive intensity apparently fosters system justification among the majority lower-status groups but ostensibly does not affect legitimation among the top-status group. This heterogeneity in the effect is (a) unconfounded by personal income rank, provincial gross domestic product, local wealth inequality, and opportunity for college enrollment; and (b) robust to alternative measures of incentives for competition, subdivisions of status groups, nonparametric causal inference, and weighting for sample representativeness.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"55 1","pages":"351 - 383"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42736926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Employers’ resources and experiences of employing live-in foreign domestic workers 雇主聘用外籍家庭佣工的资源及经验
IF 4 2区 社会学
Chinese Sociological Review Pub Date : 2022-08-12 DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2022.2104703
A. Cheung
{"title":"Employers’ resources and experiences of employing live-in foreign domestic workers","authors":"A. Cheung","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2022.2104703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2022.2104703","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Employing foreign domestic workers (FDWs) has become a common practice for outsourcing domestic labor. There has been a rapid diffusion process of the practice from the families with more resources to families with fewer resources. This study adopts an employment perspective to examine the employers’ subjective experience and the risk of replacing FDWs, and how these are related to the employing families’ economic and informational resources. Analyzing data from a representative household survey (N = 732 employer-FDW dyads) and follow-up interviews (N = 20), the results show that couples living in larger apartments and recruiting FDWs through social networks were more likely to have better subjective experience with their FDWs, while couples who grew up with FDWs in their childhood were less likely to replace FDWs. Families with fewer economic and informational resources have poorer experiences with their FDWs. This finding is important when the practice has become popularized among families with fewer resources.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"55 1","pages":"210 - 235"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60179697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Gender and intergenerational support in east Asian families 东亚家庭的性别与代际支持
IF 4 2区 社会学
Chinese Sociological Review Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2022.2109143
M. Kan, Muzhi Zhou
{"title":"Gender and intergenerational support in east Asian families","authors":"M. Kan, Muzhi Zhou","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2022.2109143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2022.2109143","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This review essay summarizes recent research on the topics of gender inequalities, family obligations, and intergenerational support in East Asia. We introduce four papers featured in a special issue published in 2021 and 2022 in this journal. We conclude by highlighting the continual importance of intergenerational support and family obligations in East Asian societies. We foresee that families and gender relations in East Asia will continue to evolve with characteristics of both modern gender egalitarian values and traditional family responsibilities. We call for more research on the topics and recommend that future research should investigate the intersection of gender and other dimensions of social inequality, employ advanced research methods, and examine the impacts of recent policies on gender and family.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"54 1","pages":"333 - 341"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43066936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Does the crying baby always get the milk? An analysis of government responses for online requests 哭闹的婴儿总是能得到牛奶吗?政府对网上请求的回应分析
IF 4 2区 社会学
Chinese Sociological Review Pub Date : 2022-08-05 DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2022.2103667
Tianji Cai, Fumin Li, Jian Zhan, Zhengrong Wang
{"title":"Does the crying baby always get the milk? An analysis of government responses for online requests","authors":"Tianji Cai, Fumin Li, Jian Zhan, Zhengrong Wang","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2022.2103667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2022.2103667","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One thing that has frequently been overlooked in studies of how a local government responds to its citizens is the text itself. When a petitioner drafts a post, they can pick up words and choose how the demand or question is conveyed. Thus, how a post is composed may also influence local government responsiveness. In this study, we investigated whether a delayed response is due to the way the message is drafted or the actual content by separating content-related and content-agnostic text features. Based on posts retrieved from two websites, we found that the response pattern varies by location, time, and type of queried agency. Our results also indicated that lengthy and low positive sentiment posts generally result in longer waiting times. However, more research is needed to gauge the possibility of a false negative and the meaning of contents extracted from computational tools. In addition, our work scrutinized several methodological issues and sought practical solutions to analyzing big data.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"55 1","pages":"96 - 125"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41571485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Parenting in a new world: migration, social class, and parenting, and links to academic outcomes in China 新世界中的育儿：移民、社会阶层和育儿，以及与中国学术成果的联系
IF 4 2区 社会学
Chinese Sociological Review Pub Date : 2022-06-17 DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2022.2078696
H. Cherng, Erin Godfrey, Jason R. D. Rarick
{"title":"Parenting in a new world: migration, social class, and parenting, and links to academic outcomes in China","authors":"H. Cherng, Erin Godfrey, Jason R. D. Rarick","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2022.2078696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2022.2078696","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Existing research has conceptualized educational inequalities between migrant and urban youth in China primarily as an issue of differential access to education. Focusing on parenting practices and the intersection of migrant and social class status—and in particular parental education—we use a novel dataset of six-year-olds in Shanghai and show that although migrants, on average, use less effective parenting practices than urbanites overall, these differences reverse, or lessen, after taking parental education into account. Moreover, parental education is more important for both parenting and children’s education outcomes for migrant families than urban families, suggesting the differential importance of social class for migrant groups.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"54 1","pages":"458 - 481"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42167690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Couples’ division of labor and fertility in Taiwan 台湾夫妻分工与生育
IF 4 2区 社会学
Chinese Sociological Review Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2022.2084066
Jolene Tan
{"title":"Couples’ division of labor and fertility in Taiwan","authors":"Jolene Tan","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2022.2084066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2022.2084066","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The rise in women’s labor force participation is fundamentally changing the nature and intensity of domestic labor and increasing concerns about the prospects for fertility, particularly in gender-inegalitarian societies. To keep pace with these changes, the gender revolution perspective argues that increasing men’s involvement in the family will reduce burdens on women and facilitate fertility recuperation. This paper investigates the effect of labor sharing on fertility. Using ten waves of data from the Taiwanese Panel Study of Family Dynamics (8,863 couple-wave observations, 1,969 couples), latent class analysis was first used to define a division of labor typology, and mixed-effects models were subsequently estimated to investigate the associations between the division of labor arrangements and fertility behavior. Although the male-breadwinner model prevailed as the most conducive to childbearing, there is an urgent imperative to improve gender equality in domestic labor given the growing trend of dual-earner families. The results highlight the importance of considering couples’ paid and unpaid labor in relation to each other and suggest that gendered divisions of domestic labor have different implications on fertility depending on employment arrangements.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"55 1","pages":"181 - 209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42336012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Bowing to five pecks of rice: how online monetization programs shape artistic novelty 向五啄米鞠躬：在线货币化计划如何塑造艺术新颖性
IF 4 2区 社会学
Chinese Sociological Review Pub Date : 2022-06-12 DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2022.2084606
Keyu Nie
{"title":"Bowing to five pecks of rice: how online monetization programs shape artistic novelty","authors":"Keyu Nie","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2022.2084606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2022.2084606","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Studies on creative industries have explored how producers’ properties shape their decisions about pursuing artistic novelty in their products. But how do external shocks, such as new remuneration opportunities, affect artistic novelty? In this paper, I investigate how the launch of monetization programs on online music platforms shapes musical novelty. I examined an original dataset of 12,394 songs on a Chinese music platform that launched its monetization program in 2013. Using computational tools developed in Music Information Retrieval (MIR) to compare song similarity based on their acoustic properties, I employed a novel approach to measure and model the impact of the monetization program on the musical novelty of the songs. The results suggest that while many more songs were uploaded to the platform after the program launch, these new songs are generally less novel than those before. Moreover, the decrease is particularly significant among songs released by indie companies, Pop musicians, or veteran producers. These findings demonstrate that monetization programs will restrain artistic novelty, especially among producers who are more autonomously skillful, unspecialized, or experienced.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"55 1","pages":"66 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48648856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Gendered age preferences for potential partners: a mixed-methods study among online daters in Shanghai 潜在伴侣的性别年龄偏好:上海在线约会者的混合方法研究
IF 4 2区 社会学
Chinese Sociological Review Pub Date : 2022-04-17 DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2022.2059459
Yue Qian, Yang Shen, Manlin Cai
{"title":"Gendered age preferences for potential partners: a mixed-methods study among online daters in Shanghai","authors":"Yue Qian, Yang Shen, Manlin Cai","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2022.2059459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2022.2059459","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Single people increasingly look for romantic partners online. We use online dating as a lens to understand age preferences for potential partners and their implications for relationship formation and family change in China. Situated in Shanghai, this mixed-methods study employs a complementary design to analyze data from 5,888 dating profiles and 29 interviews with online daters. Using a two-sided analytical approach, we find that age preferences are highly gendered: With increases in age, men increasingly prefer partners who are much younger than themselves whereas women do not show much variation in preferred age gaps between them and their partners. In-depth interviews reveal the deep roots of these preferences. Gender differences in age preferences are shaped by the stigmatization of single women and men past a certain age, the centrality of reproduction in carrying the family line, and the highly differentiated gender roles in Chinese families. Taken together, online dating likely reinforces existing gender- and age-based hierarchies in China’s marriage market. Gender asymmetry in mate preferences may contribute to further increases in marriage delay and non-marriage in urban China.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"54 1","pages":"304 - 331"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46198328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Returned but separated: political stance, identity, and the yellow–blue divide in Hong Kong SAR China# 回归但分离:中国香港特别行政区的政治立场、身份和黄蓝分裂#
IF 4 2区 社会学
Chinese Sociological Review Pub Date : 2022-02-16 DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2022.2033969
Zhuoni Zhang, Peiwei Gu
{"title":"Returned but separated: political stance, identity, and the yellow–blue divide in Hong Kong SAR China#","authors":"Zhuoni Zhang, Peiwei Gu","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2022.2033969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2022.2033969","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Political stance and identity have become major axes dividing ordinary people in Hong Kong into hostile opposing groups. Using the 2017 Hong Kong Panel Study of Social Dynamics data, we used latent profile analysis to study the social divisions within Hong Kong society. Our results confirmed that there was indeed a latent class structure with two extremes—Hongkongese identification with a pro-democracy political orientation (the Yellow camp) versus Chinese identification with a pro-government political orientation (the Blue camp). The Yellow–Blue camps had evident disparities in attitudes toward political independence, violence, breach of law, and anti-mainland sentiments. Whereas the Yellows were characterized by extreme localism that could be described as peripheral nationalism, the Light Yellows were a milder group preferring greater autonomy, not independence. Our results also demonstrated generational gaps in the Yellow–Blue divide.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"54 1","pages":"131 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45467461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Gender differences in objective and subjective social reproduction in China: do educational attainment and social capital matter? 中国主客观社会再生产中的性别差异:受教育程度与社会资本有关系吗?
IF 4 2区 社会学
Chinese Sociological Review Pub Date : 2022-02-11 DOI: 10.1080/21620555.2022.2033116
S. Shi, Zurong Liang, Huiquan Zhou
{"title":"Gender differences in objective and subjective social reproduction in China: do educational attainment and social capital matter?","authors":"S. Shi, Zurong Liang, Huiquan Zhou","doi":"10.1080/21620555.2022.2033116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21620555.2022.2033116","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Social reproduction can reflect the intergenerational transmission of advantages and reveal the inequality of society. However, limited research has been conducted on both objective and subjective social reproduction and their gender differences in China. Drawing on data from the China General Social Survey 2017, this study investigated objective and subjective social reproduction, using educational attainment and social capital as mediators. Multiple-group structural equation modeling was adopted to further examine gender differences in social reproduction in China. The results showed that only educational attainment could mediate objective social reproduction; while the mediating roles of educational attainment and social capital were both significant in subjective social reproduction. Gender differences were demonstrated in both objective and subjective social reproduction. These findings provide a comprehensive account of intergenerational social reproduction and its gender differentiation in China.","PeriodicalId":51780,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Sociological Review","volume":"54 1","pages":"278 - 303"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43215834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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