JAOSPub Date : 2024-06-16DOI: 10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.r030
H. Abdulsater
{"title":"Review of Agents of the Hidden Imam: Forging Twelver Shiʿism, 850–950 CE","authors":"H. Abdulsater","doi":"10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.r030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.r030","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Agents of the Hidden Imam: Forging Twelver Shiʿism, 850–950 CE. By Edmund Hayes. Cambridge: \u0000Cambridge University Press, 2022. Pp. xiv + 247. $99.99. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":517563,"journal":{"name":"JAOS","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141335774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JAOSPub Date : 2024-06-16DOI: 10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ar009
Vishal Sharma
{"title":"Rebuking Viṣṇu and Reaping the Rewards","authors":"Vishal Sharma","doi":"10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ar009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ar009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This paper argues that a concept of rebuking God (bhagavannindā) existed as a prohibited act in premodern Sanskrit Brahmanical texts, with the earliest examples in medieval Vaiṣṇava narratives (in the Bhāgavata Purāṇa and Viṣṇu Purāṇa) of Vena and Śiśupāla. The concept of bhagavannindā problematizes the Bhāgavata Purāṇa rereading of the Śiśupāla story: how can someone rebuke a god (here Kṛṣṇa) and be seemingly rewarded (through sāyujya [union] with the god)? I argue that to this problem in Vaiṣṇava and epic narratives the Bhāgavata Purāṇa offers dveṣabhakti / vairānubandha (liberation through enmity or hatred) as a potential solution. Finally, through investigation of two early modern commentaries on the Mahābhārata, I argue that reading this concept of divine censure into the epics was not without tensions. The epic commentators sometimes reveal their own ambivalent readings of episodes where Kṛṣṇa is rebuked. The paper draws attention to the importance of the Bhāgavata Purāṇa as a commentary on the Mahābhārata, upon which later exegetes relied. It surveys how and why the peculiar concept of dveṣabhakti emerges in Vaiṣnava theology and presents narrative as both the source where this orthodox concept of divine censure emerges and the site where the concept is reinforced in commentary. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":517563,"journal":{"name":"JAOS","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141335517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JAOSPub Date : 2024-06-16DOI: 10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.r028
Abdessamad Belhaj
{"title":"Review of Wives and Work: Islamic Law and Ethics before Modernity","authors":"Abdessamad Belhaj","doi":"10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.r028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.r028","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Wives and Work: Islamic Law and Ethics before Modernity. By Marion Holmes Katz. New York: Columbia University Press, 2022. Pp. viii + 320. $140, £108 (cloth); $35, £28 (paper). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":517563,"journal":{"name":"JAOS","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141335911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JAOSPub Date : 2024-06-16DOI: 10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ar008
T. Hoogervorst, J. Jákl
{"title":"Ruminant Relations","authors":"T. Hoogervorst, J. Jákl","doi":"10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ar008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ar008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Java offers exciting opportunities to trace human–cattle relations in a Southeast Asian context. By foregrounding inscriptions, court poems (kakavin), and other textual and iconographic sources, we aim to unearth some historical and cultural aspects of pre-Islamic cattle management and milk consumption, paying special attention to the words used for different breeds, dairy products, and other bovine terminology. Contacts with the Indian subcontinent heralded the introduction of larger cows and eventually milk-based economies, despite the conventional wisdom that the early Javanese avoided dairy products. When read critically and comparatively, Old Javanese texts reveal that locally domesticated cattle (sapi) had a relatively low status and were often used for heavy work. South Asian zebus (lǝmbu), by contrast, enjoyed more prestige and were valued for their holy profile and superior lactation. The consumption and ritual use of dairy products was especially prevalent in Hindu circles, but appears to have had an impact on rural village life more broadly. When the religious hegemony of Brahmins decreased, the production of milk and butter generally ceased to be seen as a worthwhile investment. As a result, the bovine landscapes reconstructed in this article gradually changed beyond recognition in Islamic, colonial, and postcolonial times. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":517563,"journal":{"name":"JAOS","volume":"1 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141335596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JAOSPub Date : 2024-06-16DOI: 10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ar013
Ohad Abudraham, Matthew Morgenstern
{"title":"“As Dry Trees That Have No Fruits”","authors":"Ohad Abudraham, Matthew Morgenstern","doi":"10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ar013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ar013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This article publishes the surviving parts of a hitherto unknown Mandaean spell for the protection of a woman from childlessness. The spell has been reconstructed from two fragmentary amulets that were written on lead lamellae in the Sasanid period (MLSC 18 and 19). The overlapping sections of the two amulets show some linguistic differences but are otherwise clearly parallel copies of the same formula. The spell is narrated in the name of Iauar son of Iauar and mentions other figures known from the Mandaean canonical literature. Iauar witnesses the unnatural behavior of the demons, who cause barrenness and infertility by the purloining of male and female seed, and cause infant mortality through acts of demonic violence. The text breaks off at the point where the narrator binds the demons. The formula adds several words to the Mandaic lexicon and a previously unattested form of the 1 c.s. personal pronoun. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":517563,"journal":{"name":"JAOS","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JAOSPub Date : 2024-06-16DOI: 10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ar012
Øyvind Bjøru, Na'ama Pat-El
{"title":"Curious Case of the Vanished Coordinative Conjunction in Neo-Assyrian","authors":"Øyvind Bjøru, Na'ama Pat-El","doi":"10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ar012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ar012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000While most Akkadian dialects use two coordinators, a phrase and clause level u= and a clause level =ma, in the Neo-Assyrian period both are mostly missing from native Assyrian texts. Not only is lack of overt coordination exceptional among the Semitic languages, cross-linguistically asyndeton is a rare strategy, only attested in languages with no writing tradition. In this paper, we will concentrate on u=. We sketch the various environments where u= is no longer used in Neo-Assyrian and consider what other strategies are used to mark coordination in this dialect. Finally, we propose a diachronic path to explain which processes contributed to the loss of the coordinator u=. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":517563,"journal":{"name":"JAOS","volume":"10 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JAOSPub Date : 2024-06-16DOI: 10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ra003
J. Scurlock
{"title":"Commentary on a Commentary on Ancient Mesopotamian Commentaries","authors":"J. Scurlock","doi":"10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ra003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ra003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000A gathering of the available ancient diagnostic commentaries, difficult as they are, should allow for the discovery of many interesting insights into the production of knowledge in ancient Mesopotamia. The work under review is disappointing in this regard. The presentation is cumbersome and confusing. The translations are all too often inaccurate, as are the interpretations. All in all, the work represents a step or two backward from previous editions of the texts. With these defects corrected, however, these ancient commentaries have much to offer the modern reader. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":517563,"journal":{"name":"JAOS","volume":"3 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141335533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JAOSPub Date : 2024-06-16DOI: 10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.r031
Paul L. Heck
{"title":"Review of Wahhābism: The History of a Militant Islamic Movement","authors":"Paul L. Heck","doi":"10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.r031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.r031","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Wahhābism: The History of a Militant Islamic Movement. By Cole M. Bunzel. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2023. Pp. xvii + 385. $39.95, £35. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":517563,"journal":{"name":"JAOS","volume":"5 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141335696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JAOSPub Date : 2024-06-16DOI: 10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.r026
Alice Mouton
{"title":"Review of Researching Metaphor in the Ancient Near East","authors":"Alice Mouton","doi":"10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.r026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.r026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Researching Metaphor in the Ancient Near East. Edited by Marta Pallavidini and Ludovico Portuese. Philippika, vol. 141. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2020. Pp. xxi + 270, illus. €49 (paper). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":517563,"journal":{"name":"JAOS","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141335779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JAOSPub Date : 2024-06-16DOI: 10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ar014
Ekaterina Markina, Aage Westenholz
{"title":"Naramsin’s Year Names Once More","authors":"Ekaterina Markina, Aage Westenholz","doi":"10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ar014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7817/jaos.144.2.2024.ar014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000In this paper, the year names on two tablets from the reign of Naramsin of Akkad are mutually restored and their contribution to understanding the development of Old Akkadian royal iconography is considered. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":517563,"journal":{"name":"JAOS","volume":"6 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141335837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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