Jabed Tomal, Saeed Rahmati, Shirin Boroushaki, Lingling Jin, Ehsan Ahmed
{"title":"The Impact of COVID-19 on Students' Marks: A Bayesian Hierarchical Modeling Approach.","authors":"Jabed Tomal, Saeed Rahmati, Shirin Boroushaki, Lingling Jin, Ehsan Ahmed","doi":"10.1007/s40300-021-00200-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40300-021-00200-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to COVID-19, universities across Canada were forced to undergo a transition from classroom-based face-to-face learning and invigilated assessments to online-based learning and non-invigilated assessments. This study attempts to empirically measure the impact of COVID-19 on students' marks from eleven science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) courses using a Bayesian linear mixed effects model fitted to longitudinal data. The Bayesian linear mixed effects model is designed for this application which allows student-specific error variances to vary. The novel Bayesian missing value imputation method is flexible which seamlessly generates missing values given complete data. We observed an increase in overall average marks for the courses requiring lower-level cognitive skills according to Bloom's Taxonomy and a decrease in marks for the courses requiring higher-level cognitive skills, where larger changes in marks were observed for the underachieving students. About half of the disengaged students who did not participate in any course assessments after the transition to online delivery were in special support.</p>","PeriodicalId":51716,"journal":{"name":"Metron-International Journal of Statistics","volume":"79 1","pages":"57-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7887420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25389000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust functional principal components for sparse longitudinal data","authors":"G. Boente, M. Salibian-Barrera","doi":"10.1007/s40300-020-00193-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40300-020-00193-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51716,"journal":{"name":"Metron-International Journal of Statistics","volume":"79 1","pages":"159 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40300-020-00193-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41448923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Kruskal–Wallis tests are Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel mean score tests","authors":"J. Rayner, G. Livingston","doi":"10.1007/s40300-020-00192-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40300-020-00192-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51716,"journal":{"name":"Metron-International Journal of Statistics","volume":"78 1","pages":"353 - 360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40300-020-00192-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47684641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Brq: an R package for Bayesian quantile regression","authors":"Rahim Alhamzawi, Haithem Taha Mohammad Ali","doi":"10.1007/s40300-020-00190-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40300-020-00190-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51716,"journal":{"name":"Metron-International Journal of Statistics","volume":"78 1","pages":"313 - 328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40300-020-00190-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42850687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bayesian estimation for threshold autoregressive model with multiple structural breaks","authors":"V. Agiwal, Jitendra Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s40300-020-00188-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40300-020-00188-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51716,"journal":{"name":"Metron-International Journal of Statistics","volume":"78 1","pages":"361 - 382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40300-020-00188-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47888840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust estimation for multivariate wrapped models","authors":"G. Saraceno, C. Agostinelli, L. Greco","doi":"10.1007/s40300-021-00214-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40300-021-00214-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51716,"journal":{"name":"Metron-International Journal of Statistics","volume":"79 1","pages":"225 - 240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40300-021-00214-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46325699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sensitivity of inequality measures considering regressive transfers with fixed relative income distance","authors":"R. Hoffmann, D. C. Botassio","doi":"10.1007/s40300-020-00189-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40300-020-00189-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51716,"journal":{"name":"Metron-International Journal of Statistics","volume":"78 1","pages":"279 - 296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40300-020-00189-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42513194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clustering non-linear interactions in factor analysis","authors":"Erick da Conceição Amorim, V. D. Mayrink","doi":"10.1007/s40300-020-00186-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40300-020-00186-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51716,"journal":{"name":"Metron-International Journal of Statistics","volume":"78 1","pages":"329 - 352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40300-020-00186-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46003539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On general asymptotically second-order efficient purely sequential fixed-width confidence interval (FWCI) and minimum risk point estimation (MRPE) strategies for a normal mean and optimality","authors":"N. Mukhopadhyay, Srawan Kumar Bishnoi","doi":"10.1007/s40300-020-00187-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40300-020-00187-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51716,"journal":{"name":"Metron-International Journal of Statistics","volume":"78 1","pages":"383 - 409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40300-020-00187-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41835518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stochastic dominance relations for generalised parametric distributions obtained through composition","authors":"T. Lando, L. Bertoli-Barsotti","doi":"10.1007/s40300-020-00184-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40300-020-00184-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51716,"journal":{"name":"Metron-International Journal of Statistics","volume":"78 1","pages":"297 - 311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40300-020-00184-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43451864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}