Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science最新文献

Humphry Davy's Notebooks 汉弗莱-戴维的笔记本

Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1098/rsnr.2024.0002

S. Ruston, E. Bird, Andrew Lacey, Frank James, Jo Taylor, S. Blickhan

引用次数: 0

The cells of Robert Hooke: Wombs, brains and ammonites 罗伯特-胡克的细胞：子宫、大脑和穴居人

Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1098/rsnr.2023.0081

Winfried S. Peters

{"title":"The cells of Robert Hooke: Wombs, brains and ammonites","authors":"Winfried S. Peters","doi":"10.1098/rsnr.2023.0081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2023.0081","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Robert Hooke (1635–1703) is commonly credited for introducing the term cell into biology when describing the microscopic structure of plant tissues in his\u0000 Micrographia\u0000 of 1665. This narrative ignores that, at the time, cell was an established term denoting linearly arranged elements of structures with functions in the storage, modification and transport of materials (e.g. the uterus, colon, brain, etc.). In analogy to the cells of these organs, Hooke interpreted plant cells as elements of continuous tubes for the storage and regulated movement of vital fluids. Hooke also was one of the few British natural philosophers who regarded ‘serpentine-stones’, the fossilized chambered shells of cephalopods (e.g. ammonites) that seemed to lack living counterparts, as remnants of organisms. He considered\u0000 Nautilus\u0000 a living serpentine-stone and referred to the chambers in its shell as cells, postulating that gas and liquid were transported along and stored within these cavities for buoyancy regulation. Hooke published this theory in 1696, but probably developed it much earlier. In\u0000 Micrographia\u0000 , he described ammonite cells just before plant cells, suggesting an overlooked rhetoric function of his report of cells in plants. By visualizing microscopic equivalents of macroscopic cellular structures for the first time, Hooke reinforced the common notion that living matter generally was characterized by such structures. Consequently, the presence of cells in serpentine-stones implicitly supported his organismic interpretation of these fossils.\u0000","PeriodicalId":517034,"journal":{"name":"Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science","volume":"49 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141112691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The benefits of ‘slow’ development: towards a best practice for sustainable technical infrastructure through the Davy Notebooks Project 缓慢 "发展的益处：通过戴维笔记本项目实现可持续技术基础设施的最佳实践

Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1098/rsnr.2024.0003

S. Blickhan, Eleanor Bird, Andrew Lacey, Alexis Wolf

{"title":"The benefits of ‘slow’ development: towards a best practice for sustainable technical infrastructure through the Davy Notebooks Project","authors":"S. Blickhan, Eleanor Bird, Andrew Lacey, Alexis Wolf","doi":"10.1098/rsnr.2024.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2024.0003","url":null,"abstract":"In this article we consider technical development and its role in digital humanities research efforts. We critique the concept that ‘novel’ development is crucial for innovation and tie this thinking to the corporatization of higher education. We suggest instead that sustainable technical development practices require a combination of need, creativity and reuse of existing technical infrastructure. First, we present our theory of ‘slow’ development based on this need-driven approach, then demonstrate how this theory can be applied to digital humanities research efforts using the Davy Notebooks Project as a case study. By tracing the history of this multi-phase, public crowdsourcing project and exposing the decision-making process behind its technical development, we demonstrate the promise and possibility of the ‘slow’ method proposed. When read in conjunction with the other essays in this special issue, we hope that this article will demonstrate how digital humanities methods and technical infrastructure can support and sustain traditional modes of scholarship, and the importance of applying the same careful approach to technical development that is applied to research methods more broadly.","PeriodicalId":517034,"journal":{"name":"Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science","volume":"124 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140977641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Japanese Christian physicist defends evolution: Kimura Shunkichi's appropriation of British discourses in his philosophical scrutiny of science 日本基督教物理学家为进化论辩护木村顺吉在其科学哲学审视中对英国话语的挪用

Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1098/rsnr.2023.0057

Takuji Okamoto

{"title":"A Japanese Christian physicist defends evolution: Kimura Shunkichi's appropriation of British discourses in his philosophical scrutiny of science","authors":"Takuji Okamoto","doi":"10.1098/rsnr.2023.0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2023.0057","url":null,"abstract":"Between 1889 and 1891, the Christian physicist Kimura Shunkichi strove to persuade his non-religious pupils at the First Higher Middle School that nature was harmonious, while encouraging his fellow Christians to enhance their belief by assimilating the accomplishments of contemporary science, especially the theory of evolution. The arguments of British scientists regarding the relationship between science and religion, particularly those after 1859, emerged as a substantial resource for Kimura's endeavour to convince his distinct audiences. Kimura astutely appropriated the discourses of various British scientists—ranging from the eighth Duke of Argyll to John Tyndall—in his physics course for humanities pupils and his lecture on evolution at a church in Yokohama, to effectively address the sensitivities of each group. Consequently, Kimura's lectures and publications during this period reveal a previously unknown connection between the acceptance of evolutionism in Japan and the contemporary British debates, underscoring the meticulous approach he adopted in employing these resources both in a national educational institution and within the church.","PeriodicalId":517034,"journal":{"name":"Notes and Records: the Royal Society Journal of the History of Science","volume":"549 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139894664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0