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(Not) democratising through strength: core beliefs and the institutions of Singapore’s People’s Action Party (不是)通过实力实现民主化:新加坡人民行动党(People’s Action Party)的核心信念和制度
IF 2 3区 社会学
Contemporary Politics Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.1080/13569775.2022.2059830
Terence Lee, W. Abdullah
{"title":"(Not) democratising through strength: core beliefs and the institutions of Singapore’s People’s Action Party","authors":"Terence Lee, W. Abdullah","doi":"10.1080/13569775.2022.2059830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2022.2059830","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT How and under what conditions do autocratic parties democratise through strength'? Prior scholarship suggests that authoritarian parties embrace political liberalisation when there are warnings of their decline. However, Singapore's People's Action Party (PAP) has not ‘conceded-to-thrive’ despite seemingly waning dominance. This paper explains why autocratic parties resist democratisation. Drawing from historical and sociological institutionalism, we examine how established ideas, serving as cognitive filters through which governing elites interpret their environment, become codified in formal institutions. Specifically, we argue how governments respond to political challenges depend on the ‘stickiness’ of the normative foundations of authoritarianism and their manifestations in state institutions. We uncover the ideational and historical contexts of authoritarian institutions and show how they are translated into laws, policies and practices. Using the case of PAP, we consider the microlevel origins and institutional persistence of oneparty dominance and explain how these normative foundations and its subsequent institutionalisation impede political change.","PeriodicalId":51673,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Politics","volume":"28 1","pages":"587 - 610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41816007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The strengths and limits of neoliberal populism: the statism and mass organisation of contemporary rightwing regimes 新自由主义民粹主义的优势与局限:当代右翼政权的国家主义与群众组织
IF 2 3区 社会学
Contemporary Politics Pub Date : 2022-04-20 DOI: 10.1080/13569775.2022.2064645
C. Tuğal
{"title":"The strengths and limits of neoliberal populism: the statism and mass organisation of contemporary rightwing regimes","authors":"C. Tuğal","doi":"10.1080/13569775.2022.2064645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2022.2064645","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT ‘Neoliberal populism’, as both concept and mode of government, has peculiar capacities and strengths. But the concept should not be overstretched, and the strength of pure neoliberal populism should not be overestimated. The most resilient of the regimes that have been labelled ‘neoliberal populist’ (Erdoğan’s Turkey and Orbán’s Hungary) could not go beyond ten years without mobilising statist tools much more heavily than others. In comparison to them, earlier Latin American, Eastern European, and Southeast Asian neoliberal populist governments have had relatively short tenures. Moreover, our theoretical approach to populism needs to be thoroughly revised to make analytical sense of the mass organisational bases of some rightwing regimes. The strongest of today’s rightwing populist regimes are differentiated from earlier and contemporary neoliberal populist cases by their statist policy tools and mass organisational underpinnings.","PeriodicalId":51673,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Politics","volume":"28 1","pages":"611 - 634"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43635144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Combatting violence against women in Turkey: structural obstacles 土耳其打击暴力侵害妇女行为:结构性障碍
IF 2 3区 社会学
Contemporary Politics Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/13569775.2021.1992131
S. B. Sahin
{"title":"Combatting violence against women in Turkey: structural obstacles","authors":"S. B. Sahin","doi":"10.1080/13569775.2021.1992131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2021.1992131","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper uses the ‘social conflict' theory to analyse the challenges to combatting violence against women in Turkey. It argues that these obstacles that are grounded in unequal social power relations are structured in the political landscape where decisions over who gets what are made. The ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP)'s ‘male biased' political decisions such as withdrawing Turkey from the Council of Europe's Convention on Preventing and Combatting Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (Istanbul Convention) reflect the current conditions of the balance of societal interests in the political order. Turkish women’s struggle for equality requires a shift in existing conditions of power in favour of pro-gender equality forces that would enable the representation of their preferences and interests in the political landscape, which is always tilted towards certain groups and their interests.","PeriodicalId":51673,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Politics","volume":"28 1","pages":"204 - 224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42766165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Balancing EU social and economic governance through performance management 通过绩效管理平衡欧盟的社会和经济治理
IF 2 3区 社会学
Contemporary Politics Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/13569775.2022.2044604
R. Hansén, I. Lovering
{"title":"Balancing EU social and economic governance through performance management","authors":"R. Hansén, I. Lovering","doi":"10.1080/13569775.2022.2044604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2022.2044604","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article studies how the Macroeconomic Imbalance Procedure (MIP) is reconfiguring social and economic policy-making in the European Union (EU). The MIP was meant to tackle competitiveness-based imbalances but today addresses a broader range of social concerns. Scholars agree this fits in a trend of depoliticizing governance through tools of performance management. But they disagree whether this marks the ‘socialisation’ or ‘neoliberalization’ of governance. We contribute to this debate by drawing attention to the politics of performance management in the context of neoliberal European integration. We argue performance management has been driven by two tensions: i) macroeconomic divergence and intergovernmental dissensus and ii) EU institutions’ contradictory technical responsibilities and political ambitions. We conclude that the expansion of social indicators in the MIP has undermined the coherence of ‘neoliberal’ regulation. However, its connection with a project of the European Commission’s empowerment means it is unlikely to improve prospects for greater social protection.","PeriodicalId":51673,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Politics","volume":"29 1","pages":"22 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43745150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stuck on a hostile path? US policy towards Iran since the revolution 被困在敌对的道路上？革命以来美国对伊朗的政策
IF 2 3区 社会学
Contemporary Politics Pub Date : 2022-02-02 DOI: 10.1080/13569775.2022.2029239
Louise Fawcett, A. Payne
{"title":"Stuck on a hostile path? US policy towards Iran since the revolution","authors":"Louise Fawcett, A. Payne","doi":"10.1080/13569775.2022.2029239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2022.2029239","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Since Iran’s revolution in 1979, relations between Washington and Tehran have been invariably fraught. The Trump presidency saw escalating tensions which the Biden administration has sought to moderate with uncertain results. This article locates contemporary events within a broader analysis of US policy towards Iran, which for over four decades has oscillated between attempted rapprochement and hostility short-of-war. Seeking to explain the fluctuation and failures of US policy, it shows how two intersecting logics have shaped and constrained the decision-making environment – path dependent at the international level, cyclical at the domestic level. Going beyond accounts which treat domestic constraints in an ad hoc manner, the article explores how the electoral cycle systematically shapes decision-makers’ ability to respond to geopolitical conditions. Shedding light on contemporary policy debates, it concludes that any lasting departure from the default posture of hostility will require a favourable alignment of conditions on both levels.","PeriodicalId":51673,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Politics","volume":"29 1","pages":"1 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46825445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
The state in global capitalism before and after the Covid-19 crisis Covid-19危机前后全球资本主义的状态
IF 2 3区 社会学
Contemporary Politics Pub Date : 2022-02-02 DOI: 10.1080/13569775.2021.2022337
Bastiaan van Apeldoorn, Naná de Graaff
{"title":"The state in global capitalism before and after the Covid-19 crisis","authors":"Bastiaan van Apeldoorn, Naná de Graaff","doi":"10.1080/13569775.2021.2022337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2021.2022337","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Covid-19 crisis has once again brought the role of the state in the capitalist economy to the fore. Rather than viewing this as a ‘return of the state’, this article conceptualises the current dynamic in terms of a reconfiguration of the roles the state plays, distinguishing between a market-creating, a market-correcting, a market-intervening, and a market-directing role, with each role having both an internal and an external dimension. This conceptual mapping of the diversity of state-capital configurations is then applied to offer a novel reading of the recent capitalist state trajectories of the US and of China. We conclude that there is – notwithstanding persistent differences – a relative convergence inasmuch as the still strongly market-directing Chinese state also has at the same come to embrace a global market-creating role, while the US is now also showing signs of a stronger emphasis on market-direction.","PeriodicalId":51673,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Politics","volume":"28 1","pages":"306 - 327"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48382685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
What lies beneath the ‘tariff man’? The Trump administration’s response to China’s ‘state capitalism’ “关税人”的背后隐藏着什么?特朗普政府对中国“国家资本主义”的回应
IF 2 3区 社会学
Contemporary Politics Pub Date : 2022-01-24 DOI: 10.1080/13569775.2021.2022322
Matthew J. Baltz
{"title":"What lies beneath the ‘tariff man’? The Trump administration’s response to China’s ‘state capitalism’","authors":"Matthew J. Baltz","doi":"10.1080/13569775.2021.2022322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2021.2022322","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The election of Donald Trump in 2016 marked the beginning of a new chapter in US–China relations. His administration’s imposition of tariffs and high-level trade negotiations captured the most attention and headlines. But these attempts to coerce China into breaking down key pillars of its ‘state capitalist’ developmental model have been only one, outward-facing element of his administration’s response to China’s growing economic and military strength. This article focuses on three inward-facing policy areas, the politics of which have been shaped by China’s rise and the evolution of the US economy: (1) the governance of inward foreign direct investment; (2) government procurement and local content requirements; and (3) state projects to promote new technologies and domestic productive capabilities. It finds evidence of modest reforms of government regulations and limited expansions in state capacity but that these may prove to be more significant in the long term.","PeriodicalId":51673,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Politics","volume":"28 1","pages":"328 - 346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41597997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
What drives political support? Evidence from a survey experiment at the onset of the corona crisis 是什么推动了政治支持?来自冠状病毒危机开始时的一项调查实验的证据
IF 2 3区 社会学
Contemporary Politics Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.1080/13569775.2021.2010345
Julian Erhardt, Markus Freitag, Steffen Wamsler, Maximilian Filsinger
{"title":"What drives political support? Evidence from a survey experiment at the onset of the corona crisis","authors":"Julian Erhardt, Markus Freitag, Steffen Wamsler, Maximilian Filsinger","doi":"10.1080/13569775.2021.2010345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2021.2010345","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In times of severe crises, citizens are frequently found to rally-‘round-the-flag – i.e. to increase trust in their government. Drawing on an original survey experiment with real-world information at the onset of the coronavirus pandemic, we portray the saliency of rally-relevant issues of the crisis. Contrary to our expectation, this priming effect lowers governmental trust. Mediation analyses show that respondents are more trusting towards their in-group, but simultaneously display less pride in institutions and less positive attitudes towards the political elite, which leads to a reduction in governmental trust. Our study shows that crises do not always lead to a rally-‘round-the-flag effect – it crucially depends on whether people consider their democratic institutions capable of coping with the crisis. Moreover, our findings demonstrate the need to unravel the black box of the rally-effect to get a more accurate picture of the driving forces behind governmental trust during crises.","PeriodicalId":51673,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Politics","volume":"28 1","pages":"429 - 446"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41892510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Illiberal capitalist development: Chinese state-owned capital investment in Serbia 狭隘的资本主义发展:中国国有资本在塞尔维亚的投资
IF 2 3区 社会学
Contemporary Politics Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.1080/13569775.2021.2022876
S. Rogers
{"title":"Illiberal capitalist development: Chinese state-owned capital investment in Serbia","authors":"S. Rogers","doi":"10.1080/13569775.2021.2022876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2021.2022876","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT State-owned capital investment into so-called illiberal democracies in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) has risen to become a more significant feature of CEE political economies, although knowledge of the impact of such transnational flows on illiberal capitalist development remains limited. This article analyses this form of capitalist relation by contributing to and consequently fusing two strands of burgeoning academic literature: (1) the political economy of illiberalism and (2) state capitalism. The result is an expansion of the purview of each: the former by focusing on CEE illiberalism’s external (state) capitalist dimensions; the latter via an upgrading of the rigour of the term ‘state capitalism’ through analysis of ‘new territorialities’. Empirically, I use a Case Study Analysis of Chinese state-owned capital investment into Serbia with focus on two Sino-Serbian agreements and identify two issues that may come to characterise the broader relationship between CEE illiberalism and Chinese state-owned capital investment.","PeriodicalId":51673,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Politics","volume":"28 1","pages":"347 - 364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45836551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Rising powers’ quest for increased legitimacy through IOs in an era of loose multilateralism 在宽松的多边主义时代，新兴大国寻求通过国际组织提高合法性
IF 2 3区 社会学
Contemporary Politics Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.1080/13569775.2021.2023269
Emel Parlar Dal, Samiratou Dipama
{"title":"Rising powers’ quest for increased legitimacy through IOs in an era of loose multilateralism","authors":"Emel Parlar Dal, Samiratou Dipama","doi":"10.1080/13569775.2021.2023269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2021.2023269","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper critically assesses the (de)legitimation strategies used by rising powers against existing formal and informal International Organizations (IOs), especially the G7/8, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). In doing so, it first analyzes how legitimacy relates to multilateralism and vice versa. Then, it examines why legitimacy matters to rising powers and explores the two main (de)legitimation strategies—regime shift and competitive regime creation—used by rising powers when they contest the legitimacy of the existing IOs. Finally, it uses the cases of the G20 and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) to highlight the strengths and limits of regime shift and competitive regime creation strategies. This paper argues that rising powers' quest for enhanced legitimacy by means of joining alternative existing institutions (G20) or creating new institutions (AIIB) seems to have produced limited results because, like the status-quo institutions, the G20 and AIIB also suffer from legitimacy deficit.","PeriodicalId":51673,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Politics","volume":"28 1","pages":"558 - 586"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43090534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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