Academic Bulletin of Mental Health最新文献

{"title":"Exploring Biomarkers and Contributing Factors in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Hypothesis","authors":"Rakesh Sahu","doi":"10.25259/abmh_12_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/abmh_12_2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516727,"journal":{"name":"Academic Bulletin of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141348573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering the Compulsion Behind Pica: A Case of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Geophagia: A Case Report","authors":"Manpreet Kaur Sidhu, Soumitra Ghosh, Kavery Bora, Aritra Mondal","doi":"10.25259/abmh_7_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/abmh_7_2024","url":null,"abstract":"The extended ingestion of nonfood substances like paper, ice, clay or soil – which is prohibited in some cultures – is known as pica. Pica – so named because of the magpie, which is known for consuming nonfood objects. Aristotle called this consumption of earthly things “Geophagia.” A 15-year-old displayed an obsession with consuming mud and wall paint. She has unsettling, intrusive thoughts about this behavior. She was diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) with good insight with Pica, and she improved favorably to cognitive behavioral treatment and fluoxetine. Pica can manifest within the OCD spectrum and is frequently associated with nutritional deficits and stress. This example demonstrates effective selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment, confirming earlier research. Even if pica’s etiology and treatment plans are still unknown, it is possible to classify pica as OCD in those cases where there is no developmental impairment.","PeriodicalId":516727,"journal":{"name":"Academic Bulletin of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic Characteristics and Clinical Profile of Inpatients in the Psychiatry Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Assam: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Kavery Bora, Porineeta Gogoi, Avinash Gogoi, Nivedita Chauhan","doi":"10.25259/abmh_10_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/abmh_10_2024","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Recent years have seen a significant evolution in the understanding pertaining to mental health issues. The analysis of the intricate interplay between an individual’s sociodemographic factors, genetic makeup, the environment, and clinical profile (diagnosis and treatment) of patients will help us understand the prevalence and types of mental health disorders prevalent in Assam, which is a culturally, ethnically and socially diverse state. The pattern of utilization of electroconvulsive therapy has also been analyzed. The aims and objectives of the study is to analyze the sociodemographic characteristics and clinical profile of patients admitted in Psychiatry ward, Assam Medical College and Hospital.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000An analysis on the case records of all individuals admitted to the hospital’s Psychiatry ward between August 1, 2022 and July 31, 2023 was done. Data on socio-demographic details such as age, gender, domicile and clinical profile (diagnosis, mode of discharge, duration of stay and treatment) was compiled using semi-structured format designed by authors. Information regarding patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy was also gathered from the records. Statistical analysis: The data were subjected to analysis utilizing the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 25.0).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A total of 680 patients got admitted of which higher proportion constituted of male (77.58%) and majority individuals were aged between 30 and 39 years (29.65%). The predominant diagnosis among the inpatients was substance use disorders (39.09%). Out of all the psychotropic drugs, olanzapine (17.94%) was mostly prescribed on discharged followed by risperidone (10.15%). Escitalopram (3.97%) was the mostly prescribed antidepressant on discharge. Patients diagnosed as substance use disorders were mostly discharged on lorazepam (5%), baclofen (14.26%) and received an average number of 1.8 sessions of Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET). Whereas, schizophrenia and related disorders was the most common diagnosis among inpatients receiving ECT (51.52%).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Our study helped to understand the socio-demographic attributes and clinical profile of the inpatients to foster better management approaches.\u0000","PeriodicalId":516727,"journal":{"name":"Academic Bulletin of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141126545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Defense a Way of Coping?","authors":"Ishita Chatterjee","doi":"10.25259/abmh_9_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/abmh_9_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Over the years, the concept of psychological adaptability has stirred the field of psychology. Researchers from personality psychology, clinical psychology, and other interrelated areas of psychology have taken a special interest in understanding the adaptive functioning within the individual that may help in healthy adjustment. One of such adaptive mechanisms was first described by Sigmund Freud under the label of defense, which had been through a lot of revisions over the years. Another concept, though stemming from a different conceptual framework, could be equally important to understand the adjustment process, which was labeled as coping. The present article aims to shed light on the various similarities and differences between both concepts despite their conceptual distancing.","PeriodicalId":516727,"journal":{"name":"Academic Bulletin of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141126984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Spectrum of Clinical Variables on the Patients Attending Psychiatry Outpatient Department in a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Monu Doley, Kamal Nath","doi":"10.25259/abmh_10_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/abmh_10_2023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The objective of the study is to determine the spectrum of clinical variables of the patients attending psychiatry OPD in a tertiary care hospital and to determine the association of those variables with various sociodemographic factors.The study was conducted in the psychiatric Out-patient Department(OPD) of a tertiary care hospital Barak Valley region in the Northeastern part of India. \u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Retrospective observational study where we assessed 1827 consecutive patients asking for psychiatric services, attending psychiatry OPD of Silchar Medical College & Hospital in the one-year period. Out of a total of 1827 cases, 1200 cases were enrolled for the study, meeting the study criteria. Data regarding sociodemographic profile, duration of illness, and provisional diagnosis were also collected, and self-design proforma was used. For socioeconomic class Modified Kuppuswamy Scale is used. The patients were diagnosed and classified on the basis of ICD-10 Criteria by consultant psychiatrists. The patient’s complete profile and data were presented in tables with the use of Microsoft excel. The data obtained was entered and analyzed by using SPSS Version 21. Any case attending psychiatry opd with psychiatric problems and who were provided psychiatric services. \u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Out of a total of 1200 patients, most patients were in the age group of 21–40 years, followed by 41– 60 years. The mean age is 34.5. Majority of them were male (59.4%) belonged to Hindu religion (56.08%),were married (44.41%),and educated upto primary school level (26.75%), living in nuclear family (64%), belonged to lower class socioeconomic status (33.5%). It was seen that the majority of the patients (31.25%) belonged to the ICD-10 category of F20-F29, and Schizophrenia (F20) was the most common diagnosis (21.75%). The majority of patients in diagnostic categories of F10-F19, F20-F29, F30-F39, F40-F48, G43, and G44, were in age group 21–40 years, while among MR and G40 were of age < 20 years. Looking at the individual diagnostic category, we found that the majority of the cases belonging to the categories of F10-F19 (19.49%), F20-F29 (35.20%), F30-F39 (14.02%), G40 (3.16%), G44 (14%), and others (2.24%) were males. while majority of cases having the diagnosis of F40-F48 (30.8%), MR (13.96%) and G43 (5.54%) were females. \u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study has reflected the pattern of clinical variables of the patients attending the tertiary care center. It has helped us to understand the nature and extent of psychiatric disease burden in the community with an aim to facilitate designing and planning for providing better mental health care to the community as a whole. \u0000","PeriodicalId":516727,"journal":{"name":"Academic Bulletin of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Hometown is an Alien Land","authors":"B. S. Das","doi":"10.25259/abmh_20_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/abmh_20_2023","url":null,"abstract":"With the help of a case vignette, the paper highlights the reasons for migration among transgender individuals. This viewpoint has been selected from a study conducted among 50 transgender individuals in Assam across various districts in the state. Due to various transphobic behaviors, many transgender individuals encounter discrimination and find it difficult to fit into so-called “mainstream society”. Therefore, many choose to migrate to a different district, city, or state to live a life of their choice.","PeriodicalId":516727,"journal":{"name":"Academic Bulletin of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141126757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publishing Research: An Author’s Dilemma","authors":"Dhrubajyoti Bhuyan, Tribeni Bhuyan","doi":"10.25259/abmh_15_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/abmh_15_2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516727,"journal":{"name":"Academic Bulletin of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Unusual Case Report of Cotard’s Syndrome with Depressive Delusions","authors":"Amlan Das, Soumitra Ghosh, Kavery Bora","doi":"10.25259/abmh_6_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/abmh_6_2024","url":null,"abstract":"Cotard’s Syndrome, also known as nihilistic delusion or Cotard’s delusion, is an exceptionally rare psychiatric condition characterized by delusional beliefs ranging from a sense of being dead to the conviction of bodily decay or nonexistence. This case report of a male patient, aged 21 years, with Cotard’s Syndrome highlights the difficulties in diagnosis, the course of therapy, and the clinical ramifications of this illness. The patient exhibited symptoms of severe depression along with nihilistic delusions, expressing the belief that he was deceased and experiencing bodily decay. Nihilistic delusions and depressed symptoms compatible with Cotard’s syndrome in the setting of major depressive disorder were found during the patient’s mental state evaluation, despite the absence of a serious physical disease or drug addiction. Treatment consisted of antidepressant and antipsychotic medication, along with individual psychotherapy sessions focusing on cognitive restructuring. Over time, the patient demonstrated gradual improvement in delusional beliefs and depressive symptoms, highlighting the importance of comprehensive psychiatric evaluation and individualized treatment planning.","PeriodicalId":516727,"journal":{"name":"Academic Bulletin of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141016612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measles to Misfortune: A Case Report on Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis","authors":"D. Medhi, Himasree Thakuria","doi":"10.25259/abmh_17_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/abmh_17_2023","url":null,"abstract":"Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a progressive neurological disorder of children or young adults caused by measles infection. An abnormal immune response to the virus is said to cause brain inflammation, which may last for years. Mortality rate of the disease is around 95%. In this case report, we present the case of a 15-year-old unimmunized boy from rural Assam who presented with progressive sudden jerky movements of his limbs for 2 months, along with difficulty in doing his daily activities and forgetfulness. Although he was initially admitted with a provisional diagnosis of seizure disorder and treated with tab sodium valproate and tab clobazam, his mother, revealed a history of measles infection at 7 years of age. His Electroencephalogram (EEG) reports and CSF IgG measles antibody findings were suggestive of SSPE. He was immediately started on Tab Isoprinosine at adequate doses, but he later succumbed to his illness within 3 months of the onset of symptoms. Immunization of children with the measles vaccine plays a significant role in averting this deadly condition.","PeriodicalId":516727,"journal":{"name":"Academic Bulletin of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139787250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Nutraceuticals in Psychiatry","authors":"Himasree Thakuria, D. Medhi","doi":"10.25259/abmh_21_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/abmh_21_2023","url":null,"abstract":"The term “nutraceutical” refers to a food or part of a food providing health or medical benefits that include prevention and treatment of a disease. It reinforces the concept of health in everyday diet as a part of nourishment and serves to functionalize food. Archaeological evidence shows that people began using plants as medicine some 60,000 years ago. Nutraceuticals are said to take part in the signal transduction pathways, maintenance of mitochondrial integrity, gene expression, and to have antioxidant effects. There are a number of nutraceuticals currently being used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, with positive results. However, they are not patent-protected and not government-sanctioned; thus, there is a lack of regulation on their production. Nevertheless, the integration of nutraceuticals into psychiatric care represents a promising avenue for enhancing mental health treatment.","PeriodicalId":516727,"journal":{"name":"Academic Bulletin of Mental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139787634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}