Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR最新文献

{"title":"[Care assistants at the international level: a narrative review].","authors":"Federico Fonda, Alessandro Galazzi, Alvisa Palese","doi":"10.1702/4250.42269","DOIUrl":"10.1702/4250.42269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>. Care assistants at the international level: a narrative review.</p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>At the international level, the role of care assistants, their competencies and scope of their professional practice has been debated for many years. Periodically updating the state of the art regarding the different training pathways, expected competencies, and responsibilities of care assistants at the international level is crucial for monitoring the evolution of these professional profiles.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To map the available classifications of care assistants at the international level, by describing (a) where these figures receive training, with which pathways, and for which competencies, and (b) where they can work and with what level of professional autonomy/interdependence with respect to other healthcare professions.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A narrative review of the literature was conducted by examining documents produced by the World Health Organization and the European Union; and that of three reference countries, the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States of America.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen documents were selected. Numerous care assistant profiles are described in available classifications, totaling 32 different profiles; these individuals may receive training in upper secondary school or colleges to perform a range of competencies. They may be supervised in their practice not only by nurses. In some countries, compulsory registration is required.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The results show an important heterogeneity in care assistant figures internationally.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"43 1","pages":"35-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140874297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Oral cavity care and tooth brushing: useful for which patients?]","authors":"A Cura Della Redazione","doi":"10.1702/4250.42271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1702/4250.42271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A recent meta-analysis emphasised the importance (and effectiveness) of tooth brushing in preventing hospital-acquired pneumonia. The results of the study are briefly reported and commented on.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"43 1","pages":"46-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Investing in healthcare professionals. The motivation for enrollment in bachelor nursing courses: results from a pilot study].","authors":"Elena Viottini, Alice Ferrero, Johnny Acquaro, Giampiera Bulfone, Francesca Condemi, Donatella D'Accolti, Azzurra Massimi, Elisa Mattiussi, Roberta Sturaro, Alessio Conti, Valerio Dimonte","doi":"10.1702/4250.42266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1702/4250.42266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>. Investing in healthcare professionals. The motivation for enrollment in bachelor nursing courses: results from a pilot study.</p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Understanding the reasons for enrolling in a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSc Nursing) is crucial for devising strategies to stimulate enrollment and counteract the current decline in applications. A multi-center longitudinal study was initiated to explore motivations for enrollment and dropout rates. The results of the pilot study focusing on enrollment motives are presented.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify the reasons for enrolling in BSc Nursing programs at five Italian universities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>First-year BSc Nursing students enrolled in the academic year 2022-2023 completed an online questionnaire exploring socio-demographic and personal information, priority criteria for their choice, information sources, and the following reasons for enrolling (Likert scale 1-5): altruistic motivations, personal interests, preferences, past experiences, job security, advice, fallback options, and the social image of nursing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>759 questionnaires were analyzed (78% of those involved). 64.7% of the students indicated nursing as their first choice, while one-third enrolled as a fallback option, by chance, or because they were uncertain. Altruism was the primary motivation for enrollment (91.8%), but 74.2% of students enrolled to secure a good job or to pursue a career (52.3%), or due to curriculum counseling sessions (13.7%). Some differences were observed between geographical areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Students primarily enroll in BSc Nursing programs due to altruism, personal experience, and job prospect. These findings may be valuable for guiding and tailoring information campaigns, and for enhancing the appeal of nursing courses.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"43 1","pages":"6-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Mental health worldwide: commentary on the WHO 2022 Report].","authors":"Benedetto Saraceno","doi":"10.1702/4250.42272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1702/4250.42272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report in this issue a contribution by Benedetto Saraceno, published in Salute Internazionale (https://www.saluteinternazionale.info), commenting on the WHO 2022 report on mental health in the world. The comment highlights the progresses but also the presence, beyond declarations of principle, of large psychiatric institutions. There is still a long way to go to defend the rights of people with psychiatric problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"43 1","pages":"48-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The education of specialized nurses' aides: current scenario and future perspectives].","authors":"Elena Fanton, Tiziana Tasca, Claudio Costa, Anna Brugnolli","doi":"10.1702/4178.41687","DOIUrl":"10.1702/4178.41687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>. The education of specialized nurses' aides: current scenario and future perspectives.</p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The complementary training in health care of the nurse aides (NAs), launched in Italy in 2003, has little impact on health care organisations.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyse, through the regional provisions issued in the last three years, the current state of complementary training in health care and propose some recommendations for the nursing profession with respect to the inclusion of this figure in care teams.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A documentary content analysis was conducted with respect to six main topics: recipients and admission to the courses, organisation and characteristics of the courses, learning evaluation, responsibilities of the new NAs, expected competences and skills.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There is a clear need to update and standardise the contents of the courses, with a focus on current social and health problems and future scenarios, and to render more homogeneous the structure of the courses, to guarantee high standards at national level. The need of increasing the skills of the NAs is associated with the implementation of innovative care and organisational models that require the ability to care for populations whose needs have changed profoundly over the last twenty years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Health care teams with professionals with different skill-mix guarantee safe, appropriate, effective and efficient care: the organization should enable nurses to free up time to act out their competences in care planning, health promotion, therapeutic education, transition management and specialist functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"42 4","pages":"218-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Measuring nurses' attitudes to family care: a longitudinal mixed method study].","authors":"Siglinde Rottensteiner, Maria Luisa Cavada, Marianne Siller, Gundula Gröber, Susanne Quircio, Irmgard Fink, Barbara Preusse-Bleuler","doi":"10.1702/4178.41684","DOIUrl":"10.1702/4178.41684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>. Measuring nurses' attitudes to family care: a longitudinal mixed method study.</p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In a scenario of demographic changes with an ageing population and an increase in people with chronic illnesses, the family assumes a central role in the care of their family member. Providing nurses with knowledge and strategies of family-centred care may change current standards of practice to a more family-focused approach.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore nurses' perceptions on the importance of involving families in the project of care and their attitudes before, during and after an implementation of family-centred care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A longitudinal mixed method study was conducted during the implementation of family-centred care in a health district. A training package for the district nurses and individual coaching by an experienced nurse were offered. The Families' Importance in Nursing Care-Nurses Attitudes (FINC-NA) questionnaire was administered pre- and post training and one year later and two focus groups were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All the 19 health district nurses participated in the study; average age 49.3 years, working experience 26.8 years. Statistically significant changes were observed in all four dimensions of the FINC-NA: family as a personal and professional resource, as a partner and a burden. The same results were confirmed by the focus groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An educational intervention for home care nurses proved to be useful during the implementation of family-centred care. A key aspect was the support offered to nurses in transferring their knowledge and skills to their practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"42 4","pages":"199-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[What are the alternatives to restraints in clinical practice? Results of a multicentre study].","authors":"Sara Dentice, Stefania Chiappinotto, Renzo Moreale, Giuliana Pitacco, Livia Bicego, Alvisa Palese","doi":"10.1702/4178.41685","DOIUrl":"10.1702/4178.41685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>. What are the alternatives to restraints in clinical practice? Results of a multicentre study.</p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Physical restraint is still very widespread and debated due to its implications; however, available literature focuses on prevention, neglecting recommendations on possible alternatives.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore whether and which alternatives nurses apply before deciding to restrain patients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A two-phase multi-centre multi-method study was performed. In the first, a prevalence survey on restraints was conducted; in the second, a short interview was carried out with the nurses responsible for the care of restrained individuals to identify the alternatives implemented before deciding to restrain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>37 facilities in Friuli-Venezia Giulia region were included, 17 Nursing Homes (NHs), 10 Intermediate Units (IUs) and 10 Medical/Surgical wards. On the index day 1818 (78.2%) patients were present in the NHs, 157 in the IUs (6.8%) and 308 in the hospital wards (13.3%) (= 2283). A total of 28.9% (659/2283) patients were restrained (31.3% in NHs; 26.8% in IUs; 15.6% in hospitals). Only for 81 (12.3%) of them the restraints had been preceded by the application of an alternative (e.g., involving family members, lowering the bed, or using pillows).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In the physical restrain decision-making process, nurses consider few alternatives, approximately one in every eight restraints, more frequently in IUs, less in NHs and never in hospital wards. Those used are simple, and depend on the context and the resources available.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"42 4","pages":"208-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Indicators].","authors":"Gianni Tognoni","doi":"10.1702/4178.41681","DOIUrl":"10.1702/4178.41681","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"42 4","pages":"175-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The need for palliative care in home care patients. Prospective observational study with the implementation of two algorithms].","authors":"Lucia Sechi, Alessio Conti, Franco Cirio, Elena Viottini","doi":"10.1702/4178.41683","DOIUrl":"10.1702/4178.41683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>. The need for palliative care in home care patients. Prospective observational study with the implementation of two algorithms.</p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The early identification of patients with palliative care needs is crucial for defining appropriate care settings and interventions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To detect the need for palliative care in home care patients and to compare two instruments: the SPICT™ and the I-CURPAL-029.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All new patients taken on in home care in the South-West and North-West Districts of the ASL Città di Torino between 27/12/2021 and 19/02/2022 were included and assessed with the two systems at intake, at two and six weeks. Data collected on patients: demographic characteristics, diagnosis, reason and duration of admission, reason for discharge, degree of autonomy and mobility, presence of cognitive and behavioural disorders, social support.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>170 patients were included. At admission, 99 (58.2%) patients with SPICT™ and 84 (49.4%) with I-CURPAL-029 were assessed as needing palliative care; 78 (45.9%) by both instruments. Of the 13 with a need for specialist palliation, 8 were transferred to specialist palliative care. Changes in patients' conditions between controls were detected by both instruments and only affected 12.4% of the sample. SPICT™ and I-CURPAL-029 were sensitive in detecting the need for palliation. SPICT™ was suitable for the home context due to the presence of indicators on caregiving.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Many patients in home care need palliative care. To support decisions for specialistic care, patients classified as palliative by SPICT™ could be assessed with I-CURPAL-029 to identify the need for specialist palliative care.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"42 4","pages":"189-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The implementation of Family Nursing: the experience of a District of Venice].","authors":"Amalia Fontanel, Antonello Carta, Francesca Rossi","doi":"10.1702/4178.41682","DOIUrl":"10.1702/4178.41682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>. The implementation of family nursing: the experience of a District of Venice.</p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The need to provide district nursing care for patients with simple and complex chronic diseases requires planning and investment in the training of nurses.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the model of management of simple chronic care with the implementation of the Family Nursing in the Districts of the Azienda ULSS 3 Serenissima.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After the analysis of the epidemiological and socio-demographic data of the resident population, and the stratification in classes homogeneous for resource use, according to the Adjusted Clinical Group model, the candidates for the family nurse's position were trained with an ad hoc course.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The preferred target for the experimental implementation of Family Nursing care was the elderly population with chronic diseases in District 1, not followed by other health services. At the end of 2022 12 Family Nurses candidates were identified. After a training course, they gradually took over patients with simple chronic conditions, starting with the District 1 with the highest prevalence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the year 2022, 614 new patients started to be cared for by Family Nurses, in 2023 approximately 900 patients are being followed and monitored by the Family Nurse.</p>","PeriodicalId":516320,"journal":{"name":"Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR","volume":"42 4","pages":"180-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}