Assistive Technology最新文献

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Toward improving internet navigation for visually impaired screen Reader users: Co-designing an open-source assistive technology system. 改善视障屏幕阅读器用户的互联网导航:共同设计一个开源辅助技术系统。
IF 2.7 4区 医学
Assistive Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2025.2509699
Juan Nino, Jocelyne Kiss, Frédérique Poncet, Walter Wittich, Geoffreyjen Edwards, Ernesto Morales
{"title":"Toward improving internet navigation for visually impaired screen Reader users: Co-designing an open-source assistive technology system.","authors":"Juan Nino, Jocelyne Kiss, Frédérique Poncet, Walter Wittich, Geoffreyjen Edwards, Ernesto Morales","doi":"10.1080/10400435.2025.2509699","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10400435.2025.2509699","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Visually impaired individuals, estimated at 285 million globally, rely heavily on-screen readers for internet access. However, much of the visually available information, such as the relationship between webpage elements, does not translate well to its textual representation and must be always kept in memory, limiting contextual interactions. To address this challenge, we developed Touch Matrix Assistive Technology Navigator (TOMAT), an open-source system that works alongside screen readers to provide an interactive, audio-tactile representation of webpage structure and enable contextual interactions. Our study employed a participatory design approach, involving visually impaired users, healthcare professionals, engineers, and community organizations in co-design sessions, prototype demonstrations, and focus groups. The resulting system extracts and presents non-linear web information at multiple levels of detail, allowing users to dynamically adjust granularity and efficiently navigate and interact with web content. Participants reported that TOMAT enhanced their understanding of webpage structure and provided an intuitive complement to screen reader software. The findings suggest TOMAT has the potential to improve the internet navigation experience for visually impaired users, fostering greater independence and digital participation. To support further development and collaboration, TOMAT's source files have been released under an open-source license.</p>","PeriodicalId":51568,"journal":{"name":"Assistive Technology","volume":" ","pages":"318-329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhancing accessibility: Development and usability testing of mobile application mitigating sexual harassment for visually impaired masseurs. 加强无障碍环境:为视障按摩师开发减少性骚扰的移动应用程序并进行可用性测试。
IF 2.7 4区 医学
Assistive Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2024.2423605
Heru Agus Santoso, Su-Cheng Haw, Nur Setiawati Dewi
{"title":"Enhancing accessibility: Development and usability testing of mobile application mitigating sexual harassment for visually impaired masseurs.","authors":"Heru Agus Santoso, Su-Cheng Haw, Nur Setiawati Dewi","doi":"10.1080/10400435.2024.2423605","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10400435.2024.2423605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess the development and usability of the Visually Impaired Masseur Assistance Application (VIMAA) designed to respond to signs of danger or instances of sexual harassment experienced by Visually Impaired Masseurs (VIMs). It harmonizes Rapid Application Development (RAD) method and qualitative in-depth interviews. RAD was implemented with emphasis on four core stages: requirement identification, design workshop, construction, and implementation, while Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted utilizing thematic analysis for usability testing. Functionality testing also verifies the effectiveness of VIMAA features while requesting help, notification, and feedback. Pre-test identified four themes, including traumatic experiences and the need for protection. Post-test revealed themes such as ease of requesting assistance and switching to speech mode. VIMs perceive that VIMAA as user-friendly, practical, and acceptable. The requesting help, notification, and feedback features also work well. This study presents the effectiveness of VIMAA in establishing a framework that is accessible by a diverse spectrum of VIMs. The insights derived from this research also furnish valuable perspectives on the preferences of users reliant on mobile applications designed for VIMs, thus providing significant impetus for future research and development endeavors in this domain.</p>","PeriodicalId":51568,"journal":{"name":"Assistive Technology","volume":" ","pages":"300-308"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Can foundation models reliably identify spatial hazards? A case study on curb segmentation. 基础模型能可靠地识别空间危害吗?路缘分割的案例研究。
IF 2.7 4区 医学
Assistive Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2025.2490632
Diwei Sheng, Giles Hamilton-Fletcher, Mahya Beheshti, Chen Feng, John-Ross Rizzo
{"title":"Can foundation models reliably identify spatial hazards? A case study on curb segmentation.","authors":"Diwei Sheng, Giles Hamilton-Fletcher, Mahya Beheshti, Chen Feng, John-Ross Rizzo","doi":"10.1080/10400435.2025.2490632","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10400435.2025.2490632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Curbs serve as vital borders that delineate safe pedestrian zones from potential vehicular traffic hazards. Curbs also represent a primary spatial hazard during dynamic navigation with significant stumbling potential. Such vulnerabilities are particularly exacerbated for persons with blindness and low vision (PBLV). Accurate visual-based discrimination of curbs is paramount for assistive technologies that aid PBLV with safe navigation in urban environments. Herein, we investigate the efficacy of curb segmentation for foundation models. We introduce the largest curb segmentation dataset to date to benchmark leading foundation models. Our results show that state-of-the-art foundation models face significant challenges in curb segmentation. This is due to their low precision and recall with poor performance distinguishing curbs from curb-like objects or non-curb areas, such as sidewalks. In addition, the best-performing model averaged a 3.70-s inference time, underscoring problems in providing real-time assistance. In response, we propose solutions including filtered bounding box selections to achieve more accurate curb segmentation. Overall, despite the immediate flexibility of foundation models, their application for practical assistive technology applications still requires refinement. This research highlights the critical need for specialized datasets and tailored model training to address navigation challenges for PBLV and underscores implicit weaknesses in foundation models.</p>","PeriodicalId":51568,"journal":{"name":"Assistive Technology","volume":" ","pages":"309-317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Using constructs from the Diffusion of Innovation theory and Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to evaluate and implement rehabilitation technology in neurologic rehabilitation: A commentary. 运用创新扩散理论和实施研究统一框架的构念评估和实施神经系统康复技术:述评。
IF 2.5 4区 医学
Assistive Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2025.2498657
Sierra Bonner, Keara McNair
{"title":"Using constructs from the Diffusion of Innovation theory and Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to evaluate and implement rehabilitation technology in neurologic rehabilitation: A commentary.","authors":"Sierra Bonner, Keara McNair","doi":"10.1080/10400435.2025.2498657","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10400435.2025.2498657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are no existing guidelines for healthcare teams to evaluate rehabilitation technology and maximize its use in neurologic rehabilitation. By incorporating rehabilitation technologies into neurorehabilitation, therapists can bridge the gap between research and feasible client-centered interventions. Technology use can facilitate evidence-based practice that reflects recent trends in neurorehabilitation. Integration of rehabilitation technology is heavily dependent on the consideration of the barriers to technological adoption at both the organizational level and clinical level. The purpose of this commentary is to describe a theory-driven, systematic process with consideration of facilitators and barriers to technological uptake in neurorehabilitation. This process considers the views of multiple stakeholders to evaluate technology in rehabilitation and make cost-effective decisions, maximize available interventions, prevent technological abandonment, and integrate evidenced-based interventions for neurorehabilitation best practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":51568,"journal":{"name":"Assistive Technology","volume":" ","pages":"47-50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effectiveness and acceptance of assistive technologies for people with tetraplegia: A systematic review. 辅助技术对四肢瘫痪患者的有效性和接受度:一项系统综述。
IF 2.5 4区 医学
Assistive Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2025.2540119
Emanuel Nunez Sardinha, Nancy Zook, David Western, Faatihah Niyi-Odumosu, Virginia Ruiz Garate, Marcela Múnera
{"title":"Effectiveness and acceptance of assistive technologies for people with tetraplegia: A systematic review.","authors":"Emanuel Nunez Sardinha, Nancy Zook, David Western, Faatihah Niyi-Odumosu, Virginia Ruiz Garate, Marcela Múnera","doi":"10.1080/10400435.2025.2540119","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10400435.2025.2540119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals with tetraplegia rely on assistive devices to perform Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and enhance independence. This review evaluates their effectiveness and user acceptance for supporting independence. A systematic literature search was conducted across seven databases from September 2004-2024 (PROSPERO: CRD42022370351). Studies evaluating assistive devices in experimental or real-world settings with individuals with tetraplegia that reported performance (task achievement) and perception (user experience) outcomes were included. Risk of bias was assessed with the Downs and Black checklist modified for nonintervention studies. From 1,670 initial records, 34 articles met inclusion criteria, involving 366 participants. Robotic arms, wearable exoskeletons, computer interfaces, powered wheelchairs, and functional electrical stimulation systems demonstrated varying effectiveness. Performance outcomes were often task-specific, and perception depended on ease of use, comfort, and adaptability. Few studies measured impact on quality of life or long-term adoption. Invasive technologies showed promising results but faced adoption barriers related to complexity and aesthetics. Heterogeneity prevented meta-analysis. While some assistive technologies improve independence, better usability and customization are needed for wider adoption. Technologies must offer substantial improvements to justify adaptation efforts. Reporting should be clearer and more standardized to facilitate comparison. Demographic biases (overrepresentation of spinal cord injury, global north, and males) limited generalizability.</p>","PeriodicalId":51568,"journal":{"name":"Assistive Technology","volume":" ","pages":"87-107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145379708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Equity in motion: Assistive technology for sport participation. 运动中的公平:体育参与的辅助技术。
IF 2.5 4区 医学
Assistive Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-22 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2026.2656089
Ana Geppert, Emma M Smith, Krista L Best
{"title":"Equity in motion: Assistive technology for sport participation.","authors":"Ana Geppert, Emma M Smith, Krista L Best","doi":"10.1080/10400435.2026.2656089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10400435.2026.2656089","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51568,"journal":{"name":"Assistive Technology","volume":"38 3","pages":"199-200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Using the center of gravity to help blind people measure water levels in bottles. 利用重心帮助盲人测量瓶中的水位。
IF 2.7 4区 医学
Assistive Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2024.2386036
Kuang-Chin Tai
{"title":"Using the center of gravity to help blind people measure water levels in bottles.","authors":"Kuang-Chin Tai","doi":"10.1080/10400435.2024.2386036","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10400435.2024.2386036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People who are blind struggle to gauge water levels in bottles by weight alone. This work shows that combining information about a filled bottle's weight and center of gravity can enhance the accuracy of measuring the water level. Bumps were attached to the sides of cylindrical bottles at positions corresponding to the centers of gravity of water levels between 4 and 9. These bumps allow individuals to use additional information about the center of gravity to measure the water level in the bottle. Eight subjects who were blind participated in the experiment, and the results indicated that using the center of gravity method with a plastic bottle was the most accurate, with an average water level error of 0.04, but it took 57.83 seconds. Contrarily, using the weight method, the plastic bottle yielded the fastest results, with an average time of 6.51 seconds, but it led to an average water level error of 0.88.</p>","PeriodicalId":51568,"journal":{"name":"Assistive Technology","volume":" ","pages":"275-283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of head-mounted virtual reality rehabilitation in individuals with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 帕金森病患者头戴式虚拟现实康复的有效性:系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 2.7 4区 医学
Assistive Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2025.2604079
Shahid Ishaq, Iqbal Ali Shah, Wen-Fang Lei, Shin-Da Lee, Bor-Tsang Wu
{"title":"Effectiveness of head-mounted virtual reality rehabilitation in individuals with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Shahid Ishaq, Iqbal Ali Shah, Wen-Fang Lei, Shin-Da Lee, Bor-Tsang Wu","doi":"10.1080/10400435.2025.2604079","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10400435.2025.2604079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immersive virtual reality (VR) delivered through a head-mounted device is an emerging rehabilitation modality for Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous reviews investigated VR-based intervention; none specifically focused on head-mounted display-based virtual reality rehabilitation (head-mounted VRehab). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of head-mounted VRehab on balance, gait, motor and cognitive function, and quality of life in individuals with PD, compared with conventional therapy (CT) or baseline outcomes. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched through June 2025. Studies included individuals with PD, applied a head-mounted VRehab lasting ≥3 weeks, and reported pre-post or comparative outcomes. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane RoB-2 tool for RCTs and the JBI checklist for non-RCTs. Eleven studies (<i>n</i> = 278 participants) met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of RCTs; head-mounted VRehab significantly improved quality of life (PDQ-39) compared with CT. Pre-post pooled analysis demonstrated significant improvement in Tinetti balance and gait and TUG dual-task, while no significant pooled effects were observed for TUG and UPDRS-III. Individual studies also reported improvements in static balance, gait endurance, and upper-limb function. Head-mounted VRehab enhances quality of life, balance, gait, and cognitive-motor function in PD, warranting further rigorous RCTs.<b>PROSPERO Registration No</b>: CRD42024611662 https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails.</p>","PeriodicalId":51568,"journal":{"name":"Assistive Technology","volume":" ","pages":"187-197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145935969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring usability of mobile vision assist applications for people with vision impairment. 探索为视障人士提供移动视觉辅助应用的可用性。
IF 2.7 4区 医学
Assistive Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2025.2596030
San Hong, Hyeonyeong Lee, Minjoon Sohn, Kitae Hwang, Taehyun Kim, Woojin Park
{"title":"Exploring usability of mobile vision assist applications for people with vision impairment.","authors":"San Hong, Hyeonyeong Lee, Minjoon Sohn, Kitae Hwang, Taehyun Kim, Woojin Park","doi":"10.1080/10400435.2025.2596030","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10400435.2025.2596030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mobile vision assist applications offer critical support for blind and low vision individuals in performing everyday tasks, yet few studies have examined their real-world usability. This study explored two widely used applications - SeeingAI and Sullivan+-through observations and focus group interviews with 17 blind and low vision participants in South Korea performing personal hygiene, shopping, and restroom navigation tasks. Thematic analysis revealed four key themes: (1) Variable Information Preferences Across Contexts, where participants required different information granularity based on situational needs and privacy concerns; (2) Interaction Efficiency and Operational Guidance Challenges, with difficulties from manual capture requirements, lack of camera positioning feedback, and processing delays; (3) Application and System Integration and Compatibility Barriers, highlighting disruptions from inter-application switching and poor accessibility tool integration; and (4) Technology Access and Knowledge Disparities, revealing how educational opportunities, financial constraints, and information dissemination pathways create unequal access within the blind and low vision community. Design recommendations include context-aware information delivery, conversational interfaces, hybrid recognition modes, seamless system integration, and device-agnostic functionality. These findings inform development of more inclusive mobile vision assist applications that support independent living while addressing systemic barriers to equitable technology access.</p>","PeriodicalId":51568,"journal":{"name":"Assistive Technology","volume":" ","pages":"349-359"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145745728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Serious gaming for cognitive rehabilitation: Exploring the usability of the RehbBrain platform in patients with cognitive impairments. 认知康复的严肃游戏:探索RehbBrain平台在认知障碍患者中的可用性。
IF 2.7 4区 医学
Assistive Technology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2026.2624548
Max Hunger, Nidia Grazina, Carla Quintão, Cláudia Quaresma
{"title":"Serious gaming for cognitive rehabilitation: Exploring the usability of the <i>RehbBrain</i> platform in patients with cognitive impairments.","authors":"Max Hunger, Nidia Grazina, Carla Quintão, Cláudia Quaresma","doi":"10.1080/10400435.2026.2624548","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10400435.2026.2624548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the impact of stroke sequelae and cognitive dysfunctions on cognitive skills, highlighting challenges associated with traditional rehabilitation approaches. Commonly used methods such as board games and paper-based exercises may inadequately address individual patient dysfunctions and often lack structured digital interaction. Building upon previous work, this research focuses on the usability of RehbBrain, a serious-gaming platform designed to support cognitive rehabilitation. The platform includes 42 serious games that simulate daily activities across various settings and offer progressive difficulty levels. In the study, no comparison of clinical efficacy or rehabilitation outcomes with traditional methods was performed. For the first time, usability evaluations, including the System Usability Scale (SUS) and direct patient observation, were conducted with a cohort of eleven patients with cognitive dysfunction. The mean SUS score of 72.95 corresponds to a \"Good\" level of usability, indicating a positive user experience. Direct patient feedback and observational data were collected to identify interaction challenges and areas for improvement. These findings inform future usability-driven refinements of the platform; however, no conclusions regarding therapeutic effectiveness, assessment standardization, or clinical outcomes are drawn. RehbBrain demonstrates potential as a usable digital tool to support cognitive rehabilitation workflows, warranting further investigation in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51568,"journal":{"name":"Assistive Technology","volume":" ","pages":"248-255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147277602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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