Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition最新文献_第5页

Characterization of promising smart nanopolymers that release drugs in response to illness-related signals: a review 根据疾病相关信号释放药物的前景看好的智能纳米聚合物的特性：综述

Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI: 10.61873/hyis8690

N. H. Aysa, Lena Fadhil Aljibouri, R. S. Almuttairi

引用次数: 0

Study of some immunological indicators for COVID-19 patients in Babylon city 巴比伦市 COVID-19 患者的一些免疫指标研究

Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI: 10.61873/getk6172

Ameer Najy Obed, Thulfeqar A. Hamza, Amal Talib Al Sa’ady

{"title":"Study of some immunological indicators for COVID-19 patients in Babylon city","authors":"Ameer Najy Obed, Thulfeqar A. Hamza, Amal Talib Al Sa’ady","doi":"10.61873/getk6172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61873/getk6172","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 has been a global challenge caused by a coronavirus that infects the respiratory system and poses a high risk to life. This study dealt with some immunological indicators associated with this disease. A total of 150 samples was collected from COVID-19 patients (120 samples) and non-infected individuals (30 samples; control group) who were admitted to the Marjan Medical City Hospital in Al-Hilla, Babylon, Iraq for the period from March 1 to August 30, 2022. Of these participants, 65% were men and 35% were women, with ages ranging from 16 to 75 years. The samples were collected under the supervision of specialized doctors, according to the approved by the Iraqi Ministry of Health protocols. The parameters examined in this study included the complete blood count, the red blood cell (RBC) count, the packed cell volume, the haemoglobin levels, the platelet count, the white blood cell (WBC) count, and the levels of immunological indicators such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-17 (IL-17), the tumour necro¬sis factor-alpha (TNF-α), the C-reactive protein (CRP), and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Our results indicate a clear increase in the WBC count, the IL-1β levels, IL-17 levels, the TNF-α levels, the CRP levels, the ESR, and the RBC count, as well as a clear decrease in the lymphocyte count, as a result of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":515365,"journal":{"name":"Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition","volume":"35 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141011393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cytotoxic effect of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized from Hirudo medicinalis saliva on HepG2 cells 从葫芦科植物唾液中生物合成的银纳米粒子对 HepG2 细胞的细胞毒性作用

Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI: 10.61873/rqjc3524

Luma Jasim Witwit

引用次数: 0

Chronic nutritional deficit resulting in multiorgan disease presentations in remote Pakistan: case reviews from natural disaster settings 巴基斯坦偏远地区长期营养不良导致多器官疾病：自然灾害环境下的病例回顾

Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI: 10.61873/hhhl5872

Hadia Aslam

{"title":"Chronic nutritional deficit resulting in multiorgan disease presentations in remote Pakistan: case reviews from natural disaster settings","authors":"Hadia Aslam","doi":"10.61873/hhhl5872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61873/hhhl5872","url":null,"abstract":"The aftermath of monsoon rains that fell in Pakistan from June to November 2022 were catastrophic as millions of people were affected, water systems were damaged, and agricultural production was affected. The floods aggravated the already existing nutrition crisis which largely increased children’s vulnerability. Disaster Medicine and Dentistry (DMD), a UK-registered consultancy organization, provided support to the affected households in Dera Ismail Khan through the provision of water pumps, food rations, and climate-resistant houses. It also established a mobile medical unit that provided medical services to affected households. All the children that came for consultation were far below the expected height or weight range for their age, thus showing signs of chronic malnutrition. They also presented with multiorgan diseases as a result of the chronic malnutrition, and DMD’s onsite and remote consultants managed them all. We took a wholistic approach to managing the nutrition crisis and the floods, which significantly improved the health outcomes of the affected individuals and households.","PeriodicalId":515365,"journal":{"name":"Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition","volume":"272 10‐34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141012642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drug synthesis, separation, and identification of a di-stereoisomeric mixture of spiro-oxalidinonic derivatives of sorbinil by high-performance liquid chromatography 用高效液相色谱法合成、分离和鉴定山梨醇螺羧酰胺衍生物的二异构体混合物

Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI: 10.61873/orxr1322

E. F. Khalfa, Rawaa G. Abdullah, Q. Al-Daami, Aymen A. Bash, Saba Abdulmunem Habeeb Al-Qaysi, Ghassan Jasim Mohammed, Widad Abd Al-Jabbar Mozzan

{"title":"Drug synthesis, separation, and identification of a di-stereoisomeric mixture of spiro-oxalidinonic derivatives of sorbinil by high-performance liquid chromatography","authors":"E. F. Khalfa, Rawaa G. Abdullah, Q. Al-Daami, Aymen A. Bash, Saba Abdulmunem Habeeb Al-Qaysi, Ghassan Jasim Mohammed, Widad Abd Al-Jabbar Mozzan","doi":"10.61873/orxr1322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61873/orxr1322","url":null,"abstract":"A straightforward and sensitive method for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was created in order to separate and identify the di-stereoisomeric mixture of a spiro-oxalidinonic derivative of sorbinil. HPLC was carried out using a C18 reversed-phase column. The mobile phase used in the isocratic elution process was a 70:30 v/v combi¬nation of methanol and acetonitrile flowed at a rate of 2 mL/min. The procedure delivered the best result among the various attempts made. Two peaks were identified on the chromatogram, attributable to the two di-stereoisomers of the mixture analysed. Analogues of sorbinil, a powerful inhibitor of aldose reductase, have been synthesized and further tested on aldose reductase as mixtures of di-stereoisomers, exhibiting an IC50 in the order of the micromolar. The structure of the compounds was checked with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The chemical shifts were expressed in ppm scale δ.","PeriodicalId":515365,"journal":{"name":"Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141011646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immunomodulatory effects of Stevia rebaudiana leaves and commercial stevia on rats: a comparative study 甜叶菊叶和商用甜叶菊对大鼠免疫调节作用的比较研究

Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI: 10.61873/ivjv6786

Eman Mobder Nayif, Hashim Abed Abass, Muthanna Abdulkhader Salh Al-Mahdawi, F. Abd

{"title":"Immunomodulatory effects of Stevia rebaudiana leaves and commercial stevia on rats: a comparative study","authors":"Eman Mobder Nayif, Hashim Abed Abass, Muthanna Abdulkhader Salh Al-Mahdawi, F. Abd","doi":"10.61873/ivjv6786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61873/ivjv6786","url":null,"abstract":"Stevia is herbal native to South-America that is renowned for its natural sweet leaves containing stevia glycosides. Our study aimed at examining and comparing the immunomodulatory effects of the Stevia rebaudiana leaf extract and of commercially-available stevia products in rats. Our experiment involved the preparation of Stevia rebaudiana leaf extract and the use of market-available stevia obtained from the local-market. Stevia rebaudiana leaf extraction was meticulously performed, and 60 healthy adult male rats were randomly separated into three groups: untreated control, commercial stevia treatment (25 mg/kg), and Stevia rebaudiana leaf extract treatment (25 mg/kg). The rats were orally administered the treatments for 60 days, after which blood samples were collected for analysis. Our results revealed a significant rise in interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) levels in rats treated with the Stevia rebaudiana leaf extract and the commercially-available stevia when compared to the control group. Additionally, immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels exhibited a notable increase in both stevia-treated groups, with the Stevia rebaudiana leaf extract-receiving group showing higher IgA levels than the commercially-available stevia-treated one. Our findings suggest that stevia may influence the immune response, particularly the regulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and the IgA levels. This study contributes valuable insights into stevia’s effects on the immune system.","PeriodicalId":515365,"journal":{"name":"Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition","volume":"316 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141012318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ceruloplasmin levels in β-thalassaemia major: therapeutic insights and implications for iron homeostasis 重型β-地中海贫血症中的胱磷脂水平：治疗见解及对铁稳态的影响

Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI: 10.61873/sutm6297

H. A. Al-Hindy, Mazin J. Mousa, Muthanna Mohammed Joudah

{"title":"Ceruloplasmin levels in β-thalassaemia major: therapeutic insights and implications for iron homeostasis","authors":"H. A. Al-Hindy, Mazin J. Mousa, Muthanna Mohammed Joudah","doi":"10.61873/sutm6297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61873/sutm6297","url":null,"abstract":"Ceruloplasmin (CP) is an enzyme that has ferroxidase activity and is important in maintaining iron homeostasis and serving as a copper-transporter in the bloodstream. Beta-thalassemia major (BTM), a common hereditary disorder in Iraq, can affect CP activity in patients with iron overload resulting from frequent blood transfusions in order to sustain haemoglobin levels. The current study is a single-center observational research. CP activity was measured in 304 patients (120 females and 184 males). Anthropometric indices were recorded and the iron load status was determined by measuring serum ferritin. Ninety-two healthy individuals were also included as a control group. Our findings re¬vealed no relationship between age, body mass index, or plasma ferritin and CP activity in BTM patients. No significant influence of sex on CP activity was observed. The outcomes provide insight into assumed pathways regulating CP, and add to the growing body of research on CP’s contribution to iron metabolism in BTM patients. To our knowledge, this work is the only study of its kind in Iraq, provides the groundwork for upcoming studies and potential therapeutic lines by generating insightful data on the multifaceted relationships between iron homeostasis, CP, and BTM.","PeriodicalId":515365,"journal":{"name":"Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition","volume":"275 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141012735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The interaction of choline and one-carbon / folate metabolism derangements on the cardiac remodeling process with or without diabetes 胆碱和一碳/叶酸代谢紊乱对糖尿病或非糖尿病患者心脏重塑过程的相互作用

Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI: 10.61873/ovue2319

Charis Liapi

{"title":"The interaction of choline and one-carbon / folate metabolism derangements on the cardiac remodeling process with or without diabetes","authors":"Charis Liapi","doi":"10.61873/ovue2319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61873/ovue2319","url":null,"abstract":"Proper nutrition helps protect from illness and disease. Choline (Ch), an essential molecule of substantial importance for the optimal development and function of several biological systems, plays a crucial role in the pathway of one-carbon metabolism. On the other hand, Ch-deprivation (CD) has been linked with abnormal fat metabolism, insulin resistance, and myocardial dysfunction. The Ch-deficiency setting is an established experimental model of non-alco¬holic steatohepatitis that resembles the human non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); a disease with constantly increasing incidence and prevalence. NAFLD, commonly associated with metabolic comorbidities such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, consists a high risk for cardiovascular disease. Experimental data of dietary CD through the administration of a Ch-deficient diet to rodents have revealed myocardial monocyte infiltration along with cardiac interstitial oedema and fibrosis, as well as a deleterious effect on cardiac valves that could lead to impaired heart mechanical properties which resemble to a restrictive pattern of cardiomyopathy characterised mainly by diastolic dysfunction. In a Ch-deprived diabetic experimental model, the diastolic heart failure has been characterized by a concentric hypertrophied myocardium, a left ventricular cavity with a thinner wall, and an increased left ventricular diastolic diameter, in addition to a left atrial dilatation that could also exert functional derangement and provoke arrhythmogenesis, thereby jeopardising cardiac output.","PeriodicalId":515365,"journal":{"name":"Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition","volume":"235 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141012989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Management of pharmaceutical waste in the Babylon Governorate 巴比伦省的医药废物管理

Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI: 10.61873/lvgt1509

Israa N. Salim, Zainab A. Fadhil, Falah H. Hussein

{"title":"Management of pharmaceutical waste in the Babylon Governorate","authors":"Israa N. Salim, Zainab A. Fadhil, Falah H. Hussein","doi":"10.61873/lvgt1509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61873/lvgt1509","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, a massive amount of expired or leftover medications accumulates each year because of pharmaceutical overprescription, combined with overproduction. This pharmaceutical waste poses environmental, economic, and so-cial/ethical challenges. The objective of this study is to understand societal behavior regarding the disposal of medi¬cations in the Babylon Governorate and develop a prototype of a knowledge-based system that promotes proper disposal of pharmaceutical waste. A two-phase cross-sectional study was carried out. The first phase involved inter¬viewing pharmacists, while the second phase targeted the general population. A visit to Aljiumhori Hospital was made in order to assess the pharmaceutical waste disposal methods. The study found that most pharmacists (70%) and people (59.2%) prefer throwing expired medicine in the trash can. Moreover, 64.4% of the people participating in our study believe that placing unused drugs in special containers in each region is the best disposal method. Additionally, 48.2% of households are unaware of the environmental and health consequences of this waste. Pharmaceutical waste disposal in the Babylon Governorate is poorly managed. The absence of processes separating medical waste from general waste and the use of sanitary landfills as the sole method of disposal can pose serious environmental and public health risks. One can only address this issue with proper waste management, staff training, and protocol adherence.","PeriodicalId":515365,"journal":{"name":"Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition","volume":"241 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141012761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metronidazole-loaded zinc oxide / graphene nanoparticles: synthesis, analysis, drug delivery, and antibacterial efficiency 装载甲硝唑的氧化锌/石墨烯纳米颗粒：合成、分析、给药和抗菌效率

Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI: 10.61873/fwit2515

Asmaa H. Hammadi, Saba Abdulmunem Habeeb, Lena Fadhil Al-Jibouri, Samir Azzat Malik, Fatema Samer Al bdear, Amal Adnan

{"title":"Metronidazole-loaded zinc oxide / graphene nanoparticles: synthesis, analysis, drug delivery, and antibacterial efficiency","authors":"Asmaa H. Hammadi, Saba Abdulmunem Habeeb, Lena Fadhil Al-Jibouri, Samir Azzat Malik, Fatema Samer Al bdear, Amal Adnan","doi":"10.61873/fwit2515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61873/fwit2515","url":null,"abstract":"In our study, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by precipitation (economically and in high quality) at a temperature range of 60°C to 80°C and at pH 8, and were then adorned with graphene (G) plates. To determine its antimicrobial potential, the ZnO/G complex was loaded with metronidazole. The morphology and diameter of the ZnO nanocomposite before and after the loading were validated by scanning electron microscopy. The average size of the ZnO NPs was found to be 20–40 nm, while X-ray diffraction examined how the physical features of these NPs varied from those of its individual components with an average size of 28.1 nm. The assessment of the ZnO/G com¬plex’s antibacterial efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was the main aim of our work. The agar well diffusion technique was used in order to assess the antibacterial activity of the ZnO/G complex with and without metronidazole. Our study demonstrates that the ZnO/G complex possesses antibacterial activity and might increase the antibiotic action by inhibiting Gram-positive bacteria (more than Gram-negative ones). It is, therefore, concluded that the ZnO/G NPs could be of use in formulating nano-drug conjugates that could act as antimicrobial agents.","PeriodicalId":515365,"journal":{"name":"Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics - International Edition","volume":"236 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141012848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0