Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer最新文献

How residential building arrangements can improve outdoor thermal comfort and indoor sunlight? 住宅建筑布局如何改善室外热舒适度和室内日照？

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1680/jmuen.23.00045

Zipeng Song, Yuedong Wang, Jingang Li, Tao Liu, Yingnan Li

{"title":"How residential building arrangements can improve outdoor thermal comfort and indoor sunlight?","authors":"Zipeng Song, Yuedong Wang, Jingang Li, Tao Liu, Yingnan Li","doi":"10.1680/jmuen.23.00045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jmuen.23.00045","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of frequent extreme hot weather events, high-dense urban areas posed more life-threatening challenges. Such as university dormitories, as important residential spaces, have received little attention. Moreover, how building arrangements can simultaneously impact internal and external environments remain poorly understood. To bridge this gap, we took student residential areas of Jiangsu University in Zhenjiang, China as a case study, with the aim of optimal building arrangements that can simultaneously improve the outdoor thermal comfort (OTC) and indoor sunlight (ISL). A combination of on-site measurement and numerical models were employed to simulate various scenarios with different building orientations, building heights, and layouts. The result revealed that: Firstly, the building orientation emerged as a dominant factor influencing both OTC and ISL, with the optimal value identified as SE-30°. Secondly, in the context of extremely hot weather conditions, increasing building height or floor area ratio contributed to improved OTC. Finally, the building arrangement with inconsistent heights of north-to-south descending order, exhibited a notable reduction in hot outdoor spaces by 18.6%, and attributed to enhanced airflow. Our findings provide clear guidelines for improved strategies at the detailed urban design scale, and can further contribute to the development of sustainable cities.","PeriodicalId":514711,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141832396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimating travel time in the Helsinki region utilising sequential Bayesian inference 利用序列贝叶斯推理估算赫尔辛基地区的旅行时间

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1680/jmuen.23.00044

S. A. Zargari, Navid Khorshidi, Hamid Mirzahossein, Samim Shakoori, Xia Jin

{"title":"Estimating travel time in the Helsinki region utilising sequential Bayesian inference","authors":"S. A. Zargari, Navid Khorshidi, Hamid Mirzahossein, Samim Shakoori, Xia Jin","doi":"10.1680/jmuen.23.00044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jmuen.23.00044","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores Bayesian inference's application to dynamic travel time estimation in the Helsinki region. Accurate travel time prediction is crucial in a wide range of fields, including departure time and routing. Limited real-time data challenges modelling accuracy. To address this, this paper utilises Bayesian inference, particularly sequential Bayesian inference for evolving observed values. Incorporating 2018 real-time data and 2015 information as prior knowledge, travel time distribution will be updated. Validation yields a 4.0% mean absolute error between the updated 2018 distribution and actual travel time. Also, using the 2015 posterior distribution as prior via sequential Bayesian inference yields a 4.6% mean absolute error. Results highlight that sequential Bayesian inference is an effective tool for updating distributions. The paper underscores Bayesian inference's potential in addressing data scarcity and enhancing transportation model accuracy. By supplying precise travel time estimates, this approach benefits congestion relief and travel planning. With evolving travel time data, Bayesian inference promises to advance transportation modelling.","PeriodicalId":514711,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer","volume":" 693","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141669404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on the selection of public sports facilities and the spatial layout strategy based on residents' demand 基于居民需求的公共体育设施选择及空间布局策略研究

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1680/jmuen.23.00019

Yu Chen, Shaoyao He, Mengmiao Zhang, Yan Cai

{"title":"Research on the selection of public sports facilities and the spatial layout strategy based on residents' demand","authors":"Yu Chen, Shaoyao He, Mengmiao Zhang, Yan Cai","doi":"10.1680/jmuen.23.00019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jmuen.23.00019","url":null,"abstract":"With the improvement of people's living standards and the change of sports values, fitness and leisure activities have increasingly attracted people's attention, and the public sports facility planning closely related to it has been highly concerned by the industry. In view of the diversified demand trend of urban sports facilities, we investigated and analyzed the public sports facilities in 17 streets in the central city of Yiyang city, conducted in-depth research and analysis by questionnaire survey, in-depth interview and GIS analysis, and put forward the selection and layout strategy of public sports facilities based on the needs of residents. The study found that the development of public sports facilities should be oriented to the needs of residents, meet the sports needs of different residents, and puts forward suggestions on the location and layout of public sports facilities. Through field investigation and analysis, it is found that the development of public sports facilities in the streets of Heshan District and Ziyang District of Yiyang City has the problems of single facility type and unreasonable layout, which do not match the needs of residents. Therefore, this paper proposes a bottom-up research method, which on the selection and spatial layout of public sports facilities. At the same time, the study also found that the location and layout of public sports facilities should take into account the age, income and education level of the residents, so as to meet the needs of different groups. Finally, this paper hopes to provide a new reference path for the future research on public sports, and to promote the sustainable development of urban public sports facilities.","PeriodicalId":514711,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer","volume":"115 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141361031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Observing inclusivity in a crowded London Underground station using Service Design methods 使用服务设计方法观察拥挤的伦敦地铁站的包容性

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer Pub Date : 2024-01-27 DOI: 10.1680/jmuen.23.00048

John Harding

引用次数: 0

Decision trees applied to injury severity in road accidents with only one victim – focus on vulnerable users 决策树适用于只有一名受害者的道路交通事故中的伤害严重程度--重点关注易受伤害的使用者

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.1680/jmuen.23.00034

Hudson Carrer Pereira, Ana Bastos, Alvaro Seco, Francisco Antunes

{"title":"Decision trees applied to injury severity in road accidents with only one victim – focus on vulnerable users","authors":"Hudson Carrer Pereira, Ana Bastos, Alvaro Seco, Francisco Antunes","doi":"10.1680/jmuen.23.00034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jmuen.23.00034","url":null,"abstract":"The injury severity resulting from a road accident is usually defined based on the most serious victim, which can involve more than one driver, pedestrian, or passenger. Unlike other works that focus on driver characteristics, the present study developed for urban roads focuses on vulnerable users by limiting the database to accidents with a single victim with more serious injuries. Using the CART algorithm, the selected methodology strives to reduce the effects of data imbalance, incorporating various misclassification costs to improve the ‘accident with death’ prediction (minority class) and evaluating the quality results by association rules. After incorporating a 5:1 misclassification cost, recall increased from 0% to 43.3%. Two predictive ‘death’ decision rules were validated, and the identified factors were alcohol/drug consumption, type of accident, age group and annual average daily traffic for traffic above 70 km/h. Limiting the study to accidents with only one person suffering a more serious injury allowed for the identification of significant variables related to vulnerable users, and that can be considered in support of decision-making to reduce the severity of accidents.","PeriodicalId":514711,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer","volume":"47 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139601212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Travel demand management strategies to mitigate climate change 减缓气候变化的旅行需求管理战略

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.1680/jmuen.23.00026

Juhyeon Kwak, Donggyun Ku, Joon-Gul Jo, Dahye Kim, Madiha Bencekri, Minje Choi, Seungjae Lee

引用次数: 0

Which route is better for hazmat transporting? An optimized routing index for urban networks 哪条路线更适合危险品运输？城市网络的优化路由指数

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1680/jmuen.23.00015

Morteza Asadamraji, Sheida Roshankhah

{"title":"Which route is better for hazmat transporting? An optimized routing index for urban networks","authors":"Morteza Asadamraji, Sheida Roshankhah","doi":"10.1680/jmuen.23.00015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jmuen.23.00015","url":null,"abstract":"The safety of vehicles and citizens on urban road network is a major subject, especially if this vehicle carries hazardous material. The paper focuses on developing an optimised index to identify the safest routes between any origin-destination pair within urban networks. The considered parameters include population, traffic safety, volume-capacity ratio, emergency response time, type of hazardous material (hazmat), and sensitive and vulnerable places. Notably, this study is the first to incorporate the last two parameters and the combination of all parameters in route optimization. The research formulates a Hazardous Material Vehicle Routing Problem (HMVRP) and proposes an algorithm to solve it. The approach is applied to a case study in Mashhad city, presenting the safest routes for transporting three types of hazardous materials. The findings indicate that the reduction in average risk score is comparable to the increase in average travel time, however, gain of the safest routes is lower than loss of the longer distance. The proposed method is practical and applicable to diverse urban networks, aiding in the routing and planning of any hazmat type transportation.","PeriodicalId":514711,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer","volume":"104 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139391314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0