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The economics of copyright in the digital age 数字时代的版权经济学
IF 5.3 2区 经济学
Journal of Economic Surveys Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1111/joes.12632
Christian Peukert, Margaritha Windisch
{"title":"The economics of copyright in the digital age","authors":"Christian Peukert, Margaritha Windisch","doi":"10.1111/joes.12632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12632","url":null,"abstract":"Intellectual property rights are fundamental to how economies organize innovation and steer the diffusion of knowledge. Copyright law, in particular, has developed constantly to keep up with emerging technologies and the interests of creators, consumers, and intermediaries of the different creative industries. We provide a synthesis of the literature on the law and economics of copyright in the digital age, with a particular focus on the available empirical evidence. First, we discuss the legal foundations of the copyright system and developments of length and scope throughout the era of digitization. Second, we review the literature on technological change with its opportunities and challenges for the stakeholders involved. We give special attention to empirical evidence on online copyright enforcement, changes in the supply of works due to digital technology, and the importance of creative re‐use and new licensing and business models. We then set out avenues for further research identifying critical gaps in the literature regarding the scope of empirical copyright research, the effects of technology that enables algorithmic licensing, and copyright issues related to software, data and artificial intelligence.","PeriodicalId":51374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Surveys","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140939252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Accounting for sample overlap in economics meta‐analyses: The generalized‐weights method in practice 经济学荟萃分析中的样本重叠问题：广义加权法的实践
IF 5.3 2区 经济学
Journal of Economic Surveys Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1111/joes.12633
Pedro R. D. Bom, Heiko Rachinger
{"title":"Accounting for sample overlap in economics meta‐analyses: The generalized‐weights method in practice","authors":"Pedro R. D. Bom, Heiko Rachinger","doi":"10.1111/joes.12633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12633","url":null,"abstract":"Meta‐analyses in economics frequently exhibit considerable overlap among primary samples. If not addressed, sample overlap leads to efficiency losses and inflated rates of false positives at the meta‐analytical level. In previous work, we proposed a generalized‐weights (GW) approach to handle sample overlap. This approach effectively approximates the correlation structure between primary estimates using information on sample sizes and overlap degrees in the primary studies. This paper demonstrates the application of the GW method to economics meta‐analyses, addressing practical challenges that are likely to be encountered. We account for variations in data aggregation levels, estimation methods, and effect size metrics, among other issues. We derive explicit covariance formulas for different scenarios, evaluate the accuracy of the approximations, and employ Monte Carlo simulations to demonstrate how the method enhances efficiency and restores the false positive rate to its nominal level.","PeriodicalId":51374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Surveys","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140939251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Foreign shareholding and corporate environmental expenditure: Evidence from China 外资持股与企业环境支出：来自中国的证据
IF 5.9 2区 经济学
Journal of Economic Surveys Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1111/joes.12631
Zhi Luo, Huanhuan Yang, Yinuo Zhang
{"title":"Foreign shareholding and corporate environmental expenditure: Evidence from China","authors":"Zhi Luo,&nbsp;Huanhuan Yang,&nbsp;Yinuo Zhang","doi":"10.1111/joes.12631","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joes.12631","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper estimates the effects of foreign investments on the environmental expenditure of listed companies in China by differentiating pre-IPO foreign investors from post-IPO foreign investors. Our findings indicate that while pre-IPO foreign investments make significant and positive contributions, the influence of post-IPO foreign investments is negligible. These results are particularly pronounced for enterprises that are privately owned, located in coastal China, operating in heavily polluting industries, and whose management lacks prior experience in environmental protection and international vision. Furthermore, research efforts are devoted to uncovering potential channels through which pre-IPO foreign investments affect corporate environmental expenditure, including environmental regulations in home countries or regions, government attention to environmental issues, media coverage, and corporate financial constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":51374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Surveys","volume":"38 5","pages":"1795-1818"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141015462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A new method for measuring industrial chain risk exposure: A regional perspective in China 衡量产业链风险暴露的新方法：中国的区域视角
IF 5.9 2区 经济学
Journal of Economic Surveys Pub Date : 2024-04-21 DOI: 10.1111/joes.12626
Ni Hongfu, Zhong Daocheng, Peng Siyi
{"title":"A new method for measuring industrial chain risk exposure: A regional perspective in China","authors":"Ni Hongfu,&nbsp;Zhong Daocheng,&nbsp;Peng Siyi","doi":"10.1111/joes.12626","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joes.12626","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We extend the existing framework for decomposition of production length structure in global value chains and propose a novel concept and measure of industrial chain risk exposure on both the demand-side and supply-side at the region-sector level in China. Using data from WIOD, ADB-MRIOT, and China's multi-regional input-output tables, we measure and analyze the industrial chain risk exposures, and risk-return ratios on the demand-side and supply-side of each region-sector in China from 2002 to 2017. Our results reveal the following key insights: First, inland regions exhibit high domestic industrial chain risk exposures, while coastal regions have high global industrial chain risk exposures, a pattern consistent at the region-industry level. Furthermore, demand-side industrial chain risk exposures surpass supply-side exposures within region-sectors. Second, High-tech manufacturing industries display greater risk exposure compared to other sectors. Third, Guangdong and Shanghai, as the main regions of China's international trade, share similar global industrial chain risk exposures to those of Germany and South Korea. Fourth, the bilateral demand-side exposures of the industrial chains in each region are asymmetric.</p>","PeriodicalId":51374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Surveys","volume":"38 5","pages":"1760-1794"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140678654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Theories of market selection 市场选择理论
IF 5.3 2区 经济学
Journal of Economic Surveys Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1111/joes.12625
Luca Fontanelli
{"title":"Theories of market selection","authors":"Luca Fontanelli","doi":"10.1111/joes.12625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12625","url":null,"abstract":"We provide a survey of the main mechanisms of market selection used in economics. We categorize existing theories into three broad classes—evolutionary selection, reduced form selection, and rational equilibrium—based on their adopted selection mechanisms. Each paradigm is explored in terms of underlying laws of selection, searching for elements of convergence and divergence in epistemological approaches, hypotheses, and results. The comparison of these paradigms reveals convergences in research directions, particularly in replicating empirical patterns related to firm heterogeneity and acknowledging the role of increasing returns. However, these paradigms diverge in key assumptions and results, including emphasis on model outcomes, sources of increasing returns, mechanisms generating firm heterogeneity, and assumptions regarding firm rationality. The discussion highlights that these differences stem from the epistemological foundations of paradigms. The survey contributes to a nuanced understanding of market selection mechanisms within diverse theoretical frameworks, emphasizing both areas of convergence and divergence among them.","PeriodicalId":51374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Surveys","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140629641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multidimensional composite indicators of well-being: Applications in economic history 福祉的多维综合指标：经济史中的应用
IF 5.9 2区 经济学
Journal of Economic Surveys Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1111/joes.12622
Auke Rijpma, Robin C. M. Philips, Bas J. P. van Bavel
{"title":"Multidimensional composite indicators of well-being: Applications in economic history","authors":"Auke Rijpma,&nbsp;Robin C. M. Philips,&nbsp;Bas J. P. van Bavel","doi":"10.1111/joes.12622","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joes.12622","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Economists and social scientists have widely contributed to the so-called “Beyond GDP” debate—the view that current measures of economic growth are inadequate to measure well-being and multidimensional indicators. While economic history has not been prominent in these debates, multidimensional indicators have captured the interest of economic historians, with both theoretical and empirical contributions. In this contribution, we examine the areas of consensus and debate in economic history. A comprehensive literature review shows a lack of consensus on how to use multidimensional indicators and that they face substantial critiques. We use two case-studies (a long-term series for the Netherlands and one on the basis of the CLIO-INFRA panel dataset) to illustrate how common findings emerge in the literature and empirical exercises despite methodological differences. We argue that debates on the relation between economic growth and well-being in the long-run using these indicators can not only contribute to many founding questions in economic history—though greater precision and transparency in our assumptions about well-being measurement are necessary—but also to better understand present-day challenges such as how to better pursue growth in well-being and not merely in GDP.</p>","PeriodicalId":51374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Surveys","volume":"39 2","pages":"672-705"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/joes.12622","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140586218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The dynamic impact of trade on environment 贸易对环境的动态影响
IF 5.9 2区 经济学
Journal of Economic Surveys Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1111/joes.12624
Huanhuan Wang, Zhenglian Zhang, Zhiqiang Zhang
{"title":"The dynamic impact of trade on environment","authors":"Huanhuan Wang,&nbsp;Zhenglian Zhang,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1111/joes.12624","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joes.12624","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Utilizing long-term and high-resolution pollution remote sensing data, this study examines the dynamic impact of export expansion on the local environment in China from 2000 to 2020. Regions facing larger export expansion experience more pronounced initial deterioration in local air quality, while followed by a more prominent subsequent environmental improvement, indicating that the environmental impact of trade varies over time. Further analysis reveals that a key driver behind this dynamic change is the adjustment in environmental policies, particularly when local government faces higher pressure in achieving the environmental goals and when the central government takes over environmental monitoring powers. Additionally, under more stringent environmental regulations, regional export growth leads to increased environmental expenditures, concurrently driving localities to reduce heavily polluting engergy inputs such as coal. Our study suggests that environmental policies can facilitate the synergistic development of trade and the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Surveys","volume":"38 5","pages":"1731-1759"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140712322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The global financial cycle and capital flows: Taking stock 全球金融周期与资本流动：盘点
IF 5.3 2区 经济学
Journal of Economic Surveys Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1111/joes.12621
Beatrice Scheubel, Livio Stracca, Cédric Tille
{"title":"The global financial cycle and capital flows: Taking stock","authors":"Beatrice Scheubel, Livio Stracca, Cédric Tille","doi":"10.1111/joes.12621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12621","url":null,"abstract":"Since the global financial crisis, a rich and expanding literature on the so-called global financial cycle (GFCy) has emerged. This has fueled a debate in academic and policy circles on how to measure the GFCy, and how it impacts international capital flows, possibly in a time-varying way. We review the literature that has shown the relevance of the GFCy, as well as the heterogeneity of its impact on capital flows and its variations over time. We assess how various indicators of the GFCy affect episodes of large capital flows, and find a robust effect especially on episodes driven by non-resident investors. Non-linearity and instability over time, notably a less strong impact after the global financial crisis, are found at least for some GFCy indicators.","PeriodicalId":51374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Surveys","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140585903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Economic inequality, culture, and governance quality 经济不平等、文化和治理质量
IF 5.9 2区 经济学
Journal of Economic Surveys Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1111/joes.12623
Andreas P. Kyriacou
{"title":"Economic inequality, culture, and governance quality","authors":"Andreas P. Kyriacou","doi":"10.1111/joes.12623","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joes.12623","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We review work that has linked economic inequality and culture to governance quality. We start with contributions that have considered the relationship between inequality and governance from a long-run perspective. This historical perspective yields a range of insights and helps identify the deep drivers of specific cultural traits that relate to both economic inequality and governance in contemporary societies. We then survey work that has linked inequality and culture to governance in present-day settings. We identify the complexity of the relationships with causality between any pair of these variables running both ways. These causal patterns, in turn, imply that countries may end up in either a good equilibrium characterized by lower economic inequality, the “right” culture and good governance, or a bad equilibrium described by greater inequality, the “wrong” culture and bad governance. We conclude with a range of policy implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":51374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Surveys","volume":"39 1","pages":"375-402"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/joes.12623","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140585925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Maddison-style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update 麦迪逊式的世界经济演变估算：2023 年更新版
IF 5.9 2区 经济学
Journal of Economic Surveys Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.1111/joes.12618
Jutta Bolt, Jan Luiten van Zanden
{"title":"Maddison-style estimates of the evolution of the world economy: A new 2023 update","authors":"Jutta Bolt,&nbsp;Jan Luiten van Zanden","doi":"10.1111/joes.12618","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joes.12618","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper surveys the literature on historical national accounting, discusses the importance of relative income benchmarks for, in particular, historical income estimates, and presents an update of long run global economic development with a new version of the Maddison Project Database (MPD). As benchmarks are central to methodologies for global income comparisons over time, and therefore vital to MPD, we analyze the consequences and biases of three benchmarks, the 1990 benchmark, the 2011 benchmark and the multiple benchmark method following the recent Penn World Tables (PWT) methodology, for pre-1940 income estimates. We develop a methodology to determine which benchmark in combination with time series produces the best anchor for the historical income estimates in the MPD. We conclude that the best way forward for the Maddison Project is to stick to the original 1990 benchmark, yet with two important changes. First, we integrate the 2011 benchmark for the post-1990 period, and second, we fine tune the dataset for the pre-1940 period by integrating a new historical benchmark for the US/UK comparison in 1909. By integrating more benchmarks, the MPD moves closer to a multiple benchmark approach as developed by the PWT.</p>","PeriodicalId":51374,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Surveys","volume":"39 2","pages":"631-671"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/joes.12618","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140602155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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