Ageing & Society最新文献

{"title":"Active subjects of passive monitoring: responses to a passive monitoring system in low-income independent living.","authors":"Clara Berridge","doi":"10.1017/S0144686X15001269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X15001269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Passive monitoring technology is beginning to be reimbursed by third-party payers in the United States of America. Given the low voluntary uptake of these technologies on the market, it is important to understand the concerns and perspectives of users, former users and non-users. In this paper, the range of ways older adults relate to passive monitoring in low-income independent-living residences is presented. This includes experiences of adoption, non-adoption, discontinuation and creative 'misuse'. The analysis of interviews reveals three key insights. First, assumptions built into the technology about how older adults live present a problem for many users who experience unwanted disruptions and threats to their behavioural autonomy. Second, resident response is varied and challenges the dominant image of residents as passive subjects of a passive monitoring system. Third, the priorities of older adults (e.g. safety, autonomy, privacy, control, contact) are more diverse and multi-faceted than those of the housing organisation staff and family members (e.g. safety, efficiency) who drive the passive monitoring intervention. The tension between needs, desires and the daily lives of older adults and the technological solutions offered to them is made visible by their active responses, including resistance to them. This exposes the active and meaningful qualities of older adults' decisions and practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":51364,"journal":{"name":"Ageing & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0144686X15001269","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34766063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family size and old-age wellbeing: effects of the fertility transition in Mexico.","authors":"Carlos Díaz-Venegas, Joseph L Sáenz, Rebeca Wong","doi":"10.1017/S0144686X15001221","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0144686X15001221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aims to determine how family size affects psycho-social, economic and health wellbeing in old age differently across two cohorts with declining fertility. The data are from the 2012 Mexican Health and Ageing Study (MHAS) including respondents aged 50+ (N = 13,102). Poisson (standard and zero-inflated) and logistic regressions are used to model determinants of wellbeing in old age: psycho-social (depressive symptoms), economic (consumer durables and insurance) and health (chronic conditions). In the younger cohort, having fewer children is associated with fewer depressive symptoms and chronic conditions, and better economic well-being. For the older cohort, having fewer children is associated with lower economic wellbeing and higher odds of being uninsured. Lower fertility benefited the younger cohort (born after 1937), whereas the older cohort (born in 1937 or earlier) benefited from lower fertility only in chronic conditions. Further research is needed to continue exploring the old-age effects of the fertility transition.</p>","PeriodicalId":51364,"journal":{"name":"Ageing & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5321659/pdf/nihms-815589.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34766062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpersonal work context as a possible buffer against age-related stereotyping","authors":"B. I. Van der Heijden","doi":"10.1017/S0144686X16001148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X16001148","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study deals with the impact of relational demography upon occupational expertise ratings, and possible moderating effects of interpersonal work context factors. The results revealed support for a decrease in supervisor ratings of occupational expertise of their subordinates as an effect of directional age difference (status-incongruence: a situation wherein a supervisor is younger than his or her subordinate). Moreover, it appeared that transformational leadership style could not moderate this effect. Dyadic tenure appeared to strengthen the negative effect of status-incongruence, yet, only in the case of a longer duration of the relationship between employee and supervisor. Both theoretical and practical implications of these outcomes are discussed.","PeriodicalId":51364,"journal":{"name":"Ageing & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2016-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0144686X16001148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56841244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motivating rural older residents to prepare for disasters: moving beyond personal benefits.","authors":"Sato Ashida,&nbsp;Erin L Robinson,&nbsp;Jane Gay,&nbsp;Marizen Ramirez","doi":"10.1017/S0144686X15000914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X15000914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the United States of America (USA), older adults in rural areas are at increased risk for adverse outcomes of disasters, partly due to medical needs, limited or long geographic distances from community resources, and less knowledge and motivation about preparedness steps. Older residents and ageing service providers in a rural community in the USA were interviewed regarding their perceptions about disasters and preparedness, and their reactions to the preparedness training programme using the concepts of the Extended Parallel Process Model. Participants generally indicated low motivation to engage in preparedness behaviours despite perceptions of personal risk and beliefs that preparedness behaviours were easy and could improve disaster outcomes. A theme of social relationships emerged from the data, with participants identifying social relationships as resources, barriers and motivators. People surrounding older adults can support or deter their preparedness behaviours, and sometimes elicit a desire to protect the wellbeing of others. Findings suggest two potential strategies to facilitate preparedness behaviours by moving beyond personal benefits: highlighting older adults' increased ability to protect the wellbeing of younger generations and their community by being prepared themselves, and engaging family, friends and neighbours in preparedness programmes to enhance the resilience of their social groups. Older adults in many cultures have a desire to contribute to their society. Novel and effective approaches to increase preparedness could target their social groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":51364,"journal":{"name":"Ageing & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0144686X15000914","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36316633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Female disability disadvantage: a global perspective on sex differences in physical function and disability.","authors":"Felicia V Wheaton, Eileen M Crimmins","doi":"10.1017/S0144686X15000227","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0144686X15000227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objectives were to determine whether women always fare more poorly in terms of physical function and disability across countries that vary widely in terms of their level of development, epidemiologic context and level of gender equality. Sex differences in self-reported and objective measures of disability and physical function were compared among older adults aged 55-85 in the United States of America, Taiwan, Korea, Mexico, China, Indonesia and among the Tsimane of Bolivia using population-based studies collected between 2001 and 2011. Data were analysed using logistic and ordinary least-squares regression. Confidence intervals were examined to see whether the effect of being female differed significantly between countries. In all countries, women had consistently worse physical functioning (both self-reported and objectively measured). Women also tended to report more difficulty with activities of daily living (ADL), although differences were not always significant. In general, sex differences across measures were less pronounced in China. In Korea, women had significantly lower grip strength, but sex differences in ADL difficulty were non-significant or even reversed. Education and marital status helped explain sex differences. Overall, there was striking similarity in the magnitude and direction of sex differences across countries despite considerable differences in context, although modest variations in the effect of sex were observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":51364,"journal":{"name":"Ageing & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4957517/pdf/nihms756072.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34589913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of social isolation and health across different racial and ethnic groups of older Americans.","authors":"Christina E Miyawaki","doi":"10.1017/S0144686X14000890","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0144686X14000890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social isolation is a social and public health problem that affects people of all ages, especially elders. Previous studies have found that social isolation across numerous industrialised countries is associated with negative health outcomes. However, it is unknown whether and how this association differs by race/ethnicity and age. To begin to address this gap, this study examines the association of social isolation and physical and mental health among Black, White and Hispanic elders in the United States of America. Building on Cornwell and Waite's perceived isolation and social disconnectedness dimension model of social isolation, the author used multi-stage survey data from a nationally representative sample of 3,005 community-residing adults aged 57-85 from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. Tests for association were conducted on health by age, gender, marital status, education and race/ethnicity separately. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to test the association of social isolation and health exclusively and separately among these three groups. Results showed that social isolation is strongly associated with physical and mental health. Both perceived isolation and social disconnectedness had a significant negative association with physical and mental health among White elders. For Blacks, social disconnectedness is negatively associated with their physical health while perceived isolation had a negative association with mental health. Among Hispanic elders, there seemed to be no association between social isolation and physical health, but a significant negative association was found with their mental health. Despite various associated patterns, however, social isolation overall was associated with health outcomes that were similar across three elder groups. By identifying factors influencing social isolation and health among minority older Americans, this study has relevance to the development of culturally sensitive health-care practice and services, which may be applicable to minority elders in different countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":51364,"journal":{"name":"Ageing & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4610249/pdf/nihms-686112.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34179337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A social health services model to promote active ageing in Mexico: design and evaluation of a pilot programme.","authors":"Ricardo Pérez-Cuevas,&nbsp;Svetlana V Doubova,&nbsp;Laura Angélica Bazaldúa-Merino,&nbsp;Hortensia Reyes-Morales,&nbsp;David Martínez,&nbsp;Roberto Karam,&nbsp;Carlos Gamez,&nbsp;Onofre Muñoz-Hernández","doi":"10.1017/S0144686X14000361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X14000361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the study was to design and evaluate a pilot programme aimed at promoting the active ageing of older adults at the Mexican Institute of Social Security. The study was conducted in three stages: (a) design; (b) implementation; and (c) before-after evaluation through analysis of changes in functional status, occupational functioning and health-related quality of life. To overcome the limitations of the study design, we evaluated the effect of 80 per cent adherence to the programme on the outcome variables using the generalised linear regression models (GLM). Two hundred and thirty-nine older adults agreed to participate, of whom 65 per cent completed the programme. Most were women; the average age was 77 years. Adherence to the programme was higher than 75 per cent for the group who completed active ageing services and less than 60 per cent for the drop-out group. Overall, 46 per cent of older adults reached an adherence level of 80 per cent or higher. Adherence was significantly associated with improved quality of life total score (coefficient 2.7, <i>p</i><0.0001) and occupational functioning total score (coefficient 2.2, <i>p</i><0.0001). Participation of older adults in an active ageing programme may improve their health-related quality of life and occupational functioning. It is necessary to identify the potential barriers and to implement strategies to improve the recruitment and retention rates during the intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":51364,"journal":{"name":"Ageing & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0144686X14000361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34302562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anna Tarrant and Jacqueline H. Watts (eds), Studies of Ageing Masculinities: Still in Their Infancy? Centre for Policy on Ageing, London, 2014, 92 pp., pbk £10.00, ISBN 13: 978 0 904139 23 5.","authors":"D. V. D. Hoonaard","doi":"10.1017/S0144686X15000562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X15000562","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51364,"journal":{"name":"Ageing & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0144686X15000562","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56841165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on ageing, later life and ethnicity: ageing research in ethnic minority contexts.","authors":"Maria Zubair, Meriel Norris","doi":"10.1017/S0144686X14001536","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0144686X14001536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This special issue focuses broadly upon questions and themes relating to the current conceptualisations, representations and use of 'ethnicity' (and ethnic minority experiences) within the field of social gerontology. An important aim of this special issue is to explore and address the issue of 'otherness' within the predominant existing frameworks for researching those who are ageing or considered aged, compounded by the particular constructions of their ethnicity and ethnic 'difference'. The range of theoretical, methodological and empirical papers included in this collection provide some critical insights into particular facets of the current research agendas, cultural understandings and empirical focus of ethnic minority ageing research. The main emphasis is on highlighting the ways in which ethnic cultural homogeneity and 'otherness' is often assumed in research involving older people from ethnic minority backgrounds, and how wider societal inequalities are concomitantly (re)produced, within (and through) research itself - for example, based on narrowly defined research agendas and questions; the assumed age and/or ethnic differences of researchers <i>vis-à-vis</i> their older research participants; the workings of the formalised ethical procedures and frameworks; and the conceptual and theoretical frameworks employed in the formulation of research questions and interpretation of data. We examine and challenge here the simplistic categorisations and distinctions often made in gerontological research based around research participants' ethnicity, age and ageing and assumed cultural differences. The papers presented in this collection reveal instead the actual complexity and fluidity of these concepts as well as the cultural dynamism and diversity of experiences within ethnic groups. Through an exploration of these issues, we address some of the gaps in existing knowledge and understandings as well as contribute to the newly emerging discussions surrounding the use of particular notions of ethnicity and ethnic minority ageing as these are being employed within the field of ageing studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51364,"journal":{"name":"Ageing & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4396438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33271634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The complexities of 'otherness': reflections on embodiment of a young White British woman engaged in cross-generation research involving older people in Indonesia.","authors":"Meriel Norris","doi":"10.1017/S0144686X14001366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X14001366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>If interviews are to be considered embodied experiences, than the potential influence of the embodied researcher must be explored. A focus on specific attributes such as age or ethnicity belies the complex and negotiated space that both researcher and participant inhabit simultaneously. Drawing on empirical research with stroke survivors in an ethnically mixed area of Indonesia, this paper highlights the importance of considering embodiment as a specific methodological concern. Three specific interactions are described and analysed, illustrating the active nature of the embodied researcher in narrative production and development. The intersectionality of embodied features is evident, alongside their fluctuating influence in time and place. These interactions draw attention to the need to consider the researcher within the interview process and the subsequent analysis and presentation of narrative findings. The paper concludes with a reinforcement of the importance of ongoing and meaningful reflexivity in research, a need to consider the researcher as the other participant, and specifically a call to engage with and present the dynamic nature of embodiment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51364,"journal":{"name":"Ageing & Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0144686X14001366","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33233329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}