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The Role of Personality in Becoming Aware of Age-Related Changes. 个性在意识到年龄相关变化中的作用。
IF 1
GeroPsych Pub Date : 2019-06-01 Epub Date: 2019-05-27 DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000204
Fiona S Rupprecht, Anne J Dutt, Hans-Werner Wahl, Manfred K Diehl
{"title":"The Role of Personality in Becoming Aware of Age-Related Changes.","authors":"Fiona S Rupprecht,&nbsp;Anne J Dutt,&nbsp;Hans-Werner Wahl,&nbsp;Manfred K Diehl","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Awareness of age-related change (AARC) refers to an individual's conscious knowledge about the gains and losses resulting from growing older. Personality traits reflect dispositional patterns of behavior, perception, and evaluation and should therefore influence the experience of AARC. The 4.5-year longitudinal study examines this association between personality traits and AARC in a sample of 423 individuals aged 40 to 98 years (<i>M</i> = 62.9 years) using latent change analyses. After controlling for sex, health, and education, a different pattern of associations for cross-sectional vs. longitudinal relations. Cross-sectionally, neuroticism was positively related to AARC losses, whereas openness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism were positively related to AARC gains. Longitudinally, the impact of personality traits on change in AARC was rather limited with only higher conscientiousness acting as a predictor of decreases in AARC losses over time. Overall, the findings add to the existing literature on associations between personality traits and subjective aging. Specifically, the results indicate that personality traits are differentially related to awareness of age-related gains in comparison to awareness of age-related losses.</p>","PeriodicalId":513271,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych","volume":"32 2","pages":"57-67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7194201/pdf/nihms-1582824.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37896787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Attachment and Psychological Health in Older Couples Coping with Pain. 老年夫妻应对疼痛的依恋与心理健康。
IF 1
GeroPsych Pub Date : 2014-09-01 DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000110
Joan K Monin, Lu Zhou, Trace Kershaw
{"title":"Attachment and Psychological Health in Older Couples Coping with Pain.","authors":"Joan K Monin,&nbsp;Lu Zhou,&nbsp;Trace Kershaw","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attachment theory is useful for understanding how couples cope with stress across the lifespan. This study used the the Actor Partner Interdependence Model to examine the extent to which attachment related to one's own (actor effect) and one's partner's (partner effect) depressive symptoms and marital satisfaction among older, married couples with a musculoskeletal condition. Pain and support were also examined as mediators. A group of 77 couples completed self-report measures as part of a larger study in which support was manipulated. Results revealed that, when one or both partners were insecurely attached, both partners reported greater depressive symptoms and lower satisfaction; however, pain and support were not significant mediators. Findings have implications for targeted, dyadic interventions to improve psychological health of couples coping with pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":513271,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych","volume":"27 3","pages":"115-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4920267/pdf/nihms706673.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34612882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Optimism and Planning for Future Care Needs among Older Adults. 老年人对未来护理需求的乐观态度和规划。
IF 1
GeroPsych Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000099
Silvia Sörensen, Jameson K Hirsch, Jeffrey M Lyness
{"title":"Optimism and Planning for Future Care Needs among Older Adults.","authors":"Silvia Sörensen,&nbsp;Jameson K Hirsch,&nbsp;Jeffrey M Lyness","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging is associated with an increase in need for assistance. Preparation for future care (PFC) is related to improved coping ability as well as better mental and physical health outcomes among older adults. We examined the association of optimism with components of PFC among older adults. We also explored race differences in the relationship between optimism and PFC. In Study 1, multiple regression showed that optimism was positively related to concrete planning. In Study 2, optimism was related to gathering information. An exploratory analysis combining the samples yielded a race interaction: For Whites higher optimism, but for Blacks lower optimism was associated with more planning. High optimism may be a barrier to future planning in certain social and cultural contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":513271,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych","volume":"27 1","pages":"5-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4451944/pdf/nihms-692050.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33362503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 26
Cognitive Inconsistency and Practice-Related Learning in Older Adults. 老年人认知不一致与实践相关学习。
IF 1
GeroPsych Pub Date : 2013-09-01 DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000096
Joseph M Dzierzewski, Michael Marsiske, Adrienne Aiken Morgan, Mathew P Buman, Peter R Giacobbi, Beverly Roberts, Christina S McCrae
{"title":"Cognitive Inconsistency and Practice-Related Learning in Older Adults.","authors":"Joseph M Dzierzewski,&nbsp;Michael Marsiske,&nbsp;Adrienne Aiken Morgan,&nbsp;Mathew P Buman,&nbsp;Peter R Giacobbi,&nbsp;Beverly Roberts,&nbsp;Christina S McCrae","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study examined predictors of individual differences in the magnitude of practice-related improvements achieved by 87 older adults (mean<sub>age</sub> 63.52 years) over 18-weeks of cognitive practice. Cognitive inconsistency in both baseline trial-to-trial reaction times and week-to-week accuracy scores was included as predictors of practice-related gains in two measures of processing speed. Conditional growth models revealed that both reaction time and accuracy level and rate-of-change in functioning were related to inconsistency, even after controlling for mean-level, but that increased inconsistency was negatively associated with accuracy versus positively associated with reaction time improvement. Cognitive inconsistency may signal dysregulation in the ability to control cognitive performance or may be indicative of adaptive attempts at functioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":513271,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3848880/pdf/nihms501549.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31940002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Maintaining a Sense of Control in the Context of Cognitive Challenge: Greater Stability in Control Beliefs Benefits Working Memory. 在认知挑战的背景下保持控制感:更稳定的控制信念有利于工作记忆。
IF 1
GeroPsych Pub Date : 2013-03-01 DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000078
Stefan Agrigoroaei, Shevaun D Neupert, Margie E Lachman
{"title":"Maintaining a Sense of Control in the Context of Cognitive Challenge: Greater Stability in Control Beliefs Benefits Working Memory.","authors":"Stefan Agrigoroaei,&nbsp;Shevaun D Neupert,&nbsp;Margie E Lachman","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We considered the functional role of control beliefs for cognitive performance by focusing on patterns of stability across multiple trials increasing in level of difficulty. We assessed 56 adults aged 18-88 on working memory tasks. We examined stability vs. lability (intraindividual variability, IIV) in control beliefs and the relationships with anxiety, distraction, and performance. Age was positively associated with IIV in control and performance, and IIV increased with task difficulty. Those maintaining stable control beliefs had better performance, and showed less anxiety and distraction. Those with lower stability and less control showed steeper declines in performance and increases in distraction. The findings suggest that stability of control beliefs may serve a protective function in the context of cognitively challenging tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":513271,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych","volume":"26 1","pages":"45-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3670199/pdf/nihms-449449.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31580810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Intensive Measurement Designs for Research on Aging. 老化研究的密集测量设计。
IF 1
GeroPsych Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000054
Philippe Rast, Stuart W S Macdonald, Scott M Hofer
{"title":"Intensive Measurement Designs for Research on Aging.","authors":"Philippe Rast,&nbsp;Stuart W S Macdonald,&nbsp;Scott M Hofer","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intensive measurement burst designs permit analysis of behavioral and biological processes as they unfold over short and long periods of time and providing the opportunity to identify change from an individual's normative level of functioning. The measurement burst design permits statistical decomposition of short-term variation and learning effects that overlay normative aging and provide stronger bases for detecting accelerated change due to pathological processes. We provide an overview of design features and analysis of measurement burst data in Project MIND. The objective of intensive measurement designs is to obtain greater resolution of processes of interest that permit reliable and sensitive assessments of functioning and change in functioning and of key determinants underlying short-term variation and long-term aging and health-related change.</p>","PeriodicalId":513271,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych","volume":"25 2","pages":"45-55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1024/1662-9647/a000054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32213359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
Joint Modeling of Longitudinal Change and Survival: An Investigation of the Association Between Change in Memory Scores and Death. 纵向变化与生存的联合建模：记忆分数变化与死亡之间关系的调查。
GeroPsych Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000047
Graciela Muniz Terrera, Andrea M Piccinin, Boo Johansson, Fiona Matthews, Scott M Hofer
{"title":"Joint Modeling of Longitudinal Change and Survival: An Investigation of the Association Between Change in Memory Scores and Death.","authors":"Graciela Muniz Terrera, Andrea M Piccinin, Boo Johansson, Fiona Matthews, Scott M Hofer","doi":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000047","DOIUrl":"10.1024/1662-9647/a000047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Joint longitudinal-survival models are useful when repeated measures and event time data are available and possibly associated. The application of this joint model in aging research is relatively rare, albeit particularly useful, when there is the potential for nonrandom dropout. In this article we illustrate the method and discuss some issues that may arise when fitting joint models of this type. Using prose recall scores from the Swedish OCTO-Twin Longitudinal Study of Aging, we fitted a joint longitudinal-survival model to investigate the association between risk of mortality and individual differences in rates of change in memory. A model describing change in memory scores as following an accelerating decline trajectory and a Weibull survival model was identified as the best fitting. This model adjusted for random effects representing individual variation in initial memory performance and change in rate of decline as linking terms between the longitudinal and survival models. Memory performance and change in rate of memory decline were significant predictors of proximity to death. Joint longitudinal-survival models permit researchers to gain a better understanding of the association between change functions and risk of particular events, such as disease diagnosis or death. Careful consideration of computational issues may be required because of the complexities of joint modeling methodologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":513271,"journal":{"name":"GeroPsych","volume":"24 4","pages":"177-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3634372/pdf/nihms453386.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31393583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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