Preventing Chronic Disease最新文献

{"title":"Strategies for Effective Capacity-Building in the Fight Against Commercial Tobacco.","authors":"Kimberly Caldwell, Ashley Hebert, Gregory Bolden","doi":"10.5888/pcd21.230307","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd21.230307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Center for Black Health & Equity's approach to addressing health inequities relies on the inherent ability within community-based organizations to respond to public health priorities while addressing the political and social determinants of health. By using Dr. Robert Robinson's Community Development Model as a foundational framework, communities can address systemic barriers that impede optimal health outcomes. The model includes community engagement and mobilization activities that motivate communities to achieve equity-centered policy change and offers milestones that show progress made toward their goals and objectives. We operationalized the Community Development Model into the Community Capacity Building Curriculum to train community partners to form a multicultural coalition through asset mapping as a tool for community mobilization. This curriculum is both cost effective and efficient because it enables communities to address health disparities beyond tobacco control, such as food and nutrition, housing, and environmental issues. Coalitions are prepared to identify and make recommendations to address policies that perpetuate health disparities. Facing off against a powerful tobacco industry giant is challenging for small grassroots organizations advocating for stricter tobacco regulations and policies. Such organizations struggle for resources; however, their passion and dedication to the mission of saving Black lives can promote change.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"21 ","pages":"E35"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11155681/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141086767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homeownership Matters: Impact of Homeownership on the Prevalence of Chronic Health Conditions in the United States.","authors":"Shams Rahman, David Steeb","doi":"10.5888/pcd21.230324","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd21.230324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Homeownership is crucial for stability and healthy life. We examined the role of homeownership in predicting the prevalence of common chronic health conditions in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data (N = 401,958) to assess the association between homeownership and self-reported diagnosed diabetes, asthma, cancer, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and kidney disease. We analyzed data by using logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, race and ethnicity, education, employment, and income and computed odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% CIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most survey participants (66.8%) owned their residences. Age, marital status, education, and income significantly influenced homeownership. Odds of homeownership progressively increased with age, reaching a peak at 17.45 (95% CI, 16.21-18.79) for adults aged 65 years or older, and non-Hispanic White adults had the highest odds (OR = 3.34; 95% CI, 3.18-3.52). Compared with renters, homeowners generally had lower prevalence of chronic health conditions, especially among those aged 45 to 64 years. After adjusting for age, sex, and race and ethnicity, the odds of having chronic health conditions among renters were higher than those of homeowners: CHD, 1.39 (1.27-1.52); diabetes, 1.27 (1.20-1.35); asthma, 1.29 (1.23-1.36); stroke, 1.89 (1.71-2.09); and kidney disease, 1.59 (1.44-1.77).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Homeownership can be used to predict the prevalence of several chronic health conditions. Considering its significant influence, public health initiatives should focus on housing-related interventions to improve population health.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"21 ","pages":"E33"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11155682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140960128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cost of Medications at a Student-Run Free Clinic in New Haven, Connecticut, 2021-2023.","authors":"Claudia See, Krupa Hegde, Lucy Reid, Ryan Shi, Ragini Luthra, Weilai Dong, Viola Lee, Angela Kang-Giaimo","doi":"10.5888/pcd21.230277","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd21.230277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Haven is a student-run free clinic in New Haven, Connecticut, that serves more than 500 patients annually. Haven's pharmacy department helps patients obtain medications by providing discount coupons or medications from the clinic's in-house pharmacy, directly paying for medications at local pharmacies, and delivering medications to patients' homes. This study aimed to identify prescriptions that have the highest cost among Haven patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our sample consisted of all Haven patients who attended the clinic from March 2021 through March 2023. Patients were eligible to be seen at Haven if they were aged 18 to 65 years, lacked health insurance, and lived in New Haven. We determined the lowest cost of each medication prescribed to Haven patients by comparing prices among local pharmacies after applying a GoodRx discount. We defined expensive medication as more than $20 per prescription. We excluded medical supplies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 594 Haven patients in our sample, 64% (n = 378) required financial assistance and 22% (n = 129) were prescribed at least 1 expensive medication. Among 129 patients prescribed an expensive medication, the mean (SD) age was 45.0 (12.3) years; 65% were women, and 87% were Hispanic or Latino. Median (IQR) household annual income was $14,400 [$0-$24,000]. We identified 246 expensive medications; the median (IQR) price per prescription was $31.43 ($24.00-$52.02). The most frequently prescribed expensive medications were fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (accounting for 6% of all expensive medications), medroxyprogesterone acetate (6%), albuterol sulfate (5%), and rosuvastatin (5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The average Haven patient has an income well below the federal poverty level, and many have chronic cardiovascular and respiratory conditions that require expensive medications. Future research should work toward making medications universally affordable.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"21 ","pages":"E34"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11155686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140960129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Receipt of a Breathing Test in 26 States and the District of Columbia, 2017-2018.","authors":"Kathleen B Watson, Janet B Croft, Anne G Wheaton, Yong Liu, Antonello Punturieri, Lisa Postow, Susan A Carlson, Kurt J Greenlund","doi":"10.5888/pcd21.230399","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd21.230399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We estimated the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk level, and receipt of a breathing test among adults without reported COPD in 26 states and the District of Columbia by using 2017-2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data. Among adults without reported COPD, the 3 respiratory symptoms indicating COPD (chronic cough, phlegm or mucus production, shortness of breath) were common (each >10%). About 15.0% were at higher COPD risk (based on the number of symptoms, age, and smoking status); 41.4% of adults at higher risk reported receipt of a breathing test. Patient-provider recognition and communication of risk symptoms, appropriate screening, and follow-up are important for early diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"21 ","pages":"E31"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11086692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic Disparities in Cancer Incidence in the US Population Aged 20 to 49 Years, 2016-2020.","authors":"Tesla D DuBois, Kevin A Henry, Scott D Siegel, Shannon M Lynch","doi":"10.5888/pcd21.230335","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd21.230335","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"21 ","pages":"E32"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11086694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community Engagement, Jurisdictional Experience, and Previous Tobacco-Related Ordinances in Neighboring Communities as Drivers of Flavored Tobacco Bans in Los Angeles County.","authors":"Dana Guglielmo, Andy Dang, Lori Fischbach, Ruth Toruno, Gladis Chavez-Sosa, Montgomery Messex, Tonya Gorham Gallow, Claud Moradian, Tony Kuo","doi":"10.5888/pcd21.230284","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd21.230284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We examined whether a community engagement approach and jurisdictional attributes were associated with local action to restrict the sale of flavored tobacco products in Los Angeles County during 2019-2022. We estimated crude and adjusted risk ratios to examine these associations. Jurisdictions that used an active community engagement approach to adopt a flavored tobacco ban ordinance, those with previous experience adopting other tobacco-related ordinances, and those located next to communities that have an existing tobacco retail license ordinance were more likely than jurisdictions without these attributes to adopt a new ordinance to restrict the sale of flavored tobacco products. Efforts to adopt such an ordinance were generally more successful in jurisdictions where community members were engaged and policy makers were familiar with the adoption of public health ordinances.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"21 ","pages":"E29"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11086693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140856887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Costs and Projected Effect of a Federally Qualified Health Center-Based Mailed Colorectal Cancer Screening Program in Texas.","authors":"Todd Olmstead, Jennifer C Spencer, Nicole Kluz, F Benjamin Zhan, Navkiran K Shokar, Michael Pignone","doi":"10.5888/pcd21.230266","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd21.230266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mailed stool testing for colorectal cancer (CRC) may improve screening uptake and reduce the incidence and mortality of CRC, especially among patients at federally qualified health centers (FQHCs). To expand screening programs it is important to identify cost-effective approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a decision-analytic model to estimate the cost, effects on screening and patient outcomes (CRCs detected, CRCs prevented, CRC deaths prevented), and cost-effectiveness of implementing a state-wide mailed stool testing program over 5 years among unscreened, age-eligible (aged 50-75 y) patients at FQHCs in Texas. We compared various outreach strategies and organizational structures (centralized, regional, or a hybrid). We used data from our existing regional mailed stool testing program and recent systematic reviews to set parameters for the model. Costs included start-up and ongoing activities and were estimated in 2022 US dollars from the perspective of a hypothetical third-party payer. Cost-effectiveness was assessed by using both incremental and average cost-effectiveness ratios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using either a statewide centralized or hybrid organizational configuration to mail stool tests to newly eligible FQHC patients and patients who have responded at least once since program inception is likely to result in the best use of resources over 5 years, enabling more than 110,000 additional screens, detecting an incremental 181 to 194 CRCs, preventing 91 to 98 CRCs, and averting 46 to 50 CRC deaths, at a cost of $10 million to $11 million compared with no program.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A statewide mailed stool testing program for FQHC patients can be implemented at reasonable cost with considerable effects on CRC screening outcomes, especially when its structure maximizes program efficiency while maintaining effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"21 ","pages":"E30"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11086695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140868726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creating and Implementing a Community-Focused, Culturally Tailored Health Marketing Campaign to Address Menthol Cigarette Use in Los Angeles County","authors":"Rachel Humphrey","doi":"10.5888/pcd21.230282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd21.230282","url":null,"abstract":"Menthol tobacco products have been marketed disproportionately to communities of color for decades.","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140628010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic and Temporal Differences in Menthol Cigarette Use Among US Adults Who Smoke, 1999-2018.","authors":"Yiling J Cheng, James Tsai, Monica E Cornelius, Margaret Mahoney, Linda J Neff","doi":"10.5888/pcd21.230291","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd21.230291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Monitoring menthol cigarette use allows for identification of potential health disparities. We examined sociodemographic and temporal differences in menthol cigarette use among US adults who smoke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for adults aged 20 years or older who smoke (N = 11,431) using binary logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among US adults who smoke, 28.8% used menthol cigarettes. After adjusting for age, sex, race and ethnicity, education, income-to-poverty ratio, and health status, the prevalence of menthol use among adults who smoke increased on average by 3.8% (95% CI, 2.7%-4.9%) annually. Non-Hispanic Black adults had the highest average prevalence of menthol cigarette use, 73.0% (95% CI, 70.9%-75.2%), and Mexican American adults had higher average annual increase in menthol cigarette use, 7.1% (95% CI, 4.0%-10.3%). Adults with fair or poor health status had a 4.3% annual increase in menthol cigarette use (95% CI, 2.5%-6.1%). The adjusted prevalence ratios of menthol cigarette use were 1.61 (95% CI, 1.39-1.83) for adults aged 20-29 years compared with those aged 65 years or older, 1.41 (95% CI, 1.32-1.49) for female adults compared with male adults, and 1.17 (95% CI, 1.07-1.27) for high school graduates or higher compared with those with no high school diploma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Non-Hispanic Black adults who smoke had the highest prevalence of menthol cigarette use among all racial and ethnic groups; the prevalence of menthol cigarette use among adults who smoke increased especially among Mexican American adults, younger adults, and adults who reported fair to poor health status.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"21 ","pages":"E20"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10996389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140319818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Increased WIC Benefits for Fruits and Vegetables With Food Security and Satisfaction by Race and Ethnicity.","authors":"Marisa M Tsai, Christopher E Anderson, Shannon E Whaley, Catherine E Yepez, Lorrene D Ritchie, Lauren E Au","doi":"10.5888/pcd21.230288","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd21.230288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides nutrition support for racially and ethnically diverse populations. In 2021, the monthly cash value benefit (CVB) for the purchase of fruits and vegetables increased from $9 to $35 and was later adjusted to $24. This study investigated, by racial and ethnic groups, whether CVB increases were associated with increases in CVB redemption, household food security, child fruit and vegetable intake, satisfaction with CVB amount, and likelihood of continued participation in WIC if the CVB returned to $9 per month.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a longitudinal study of WIC participants (N = 1,770) in southern California at 3 time points, from April 2021 through May 2022; the CVB amount was $9 at baseline, $35 at Survey 2, and $24 at Survey 3. Racial and ethnic groups were Hispanic English-speakers, Hispanic Spanish-speakers, non-Hispanic Asian, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Other, and non-Hispanic White. We used mixed-effect and modified Poisson regressions to evaluate outcomes by group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, groups differed significantly in dollars of CVB redeemed, percentage of CVB redeemed, household food security, and satisfaction with CVB amount. After the increase in CVB, we found increases in all groups in CVB redemption, household food security, and satisfaction. Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic English-speaking groups, who had low levels of satisfaction at baseline, had larger increases in satisfaction than other groups. Reported likelihood of continued WIC participation if the monthly CVB returned to $9 also differed significantly by group, ranging from 62.5% to 90.0%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The increase in CVB for children receiving WIC benefited all racial and ethnic groups. Continued investment in an augmented CVB could improve health outcomes for a racially and ethnically diverse WIC population.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"21 ","pages":"E19"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10996387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140319817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}