Preventing Chronic Disease最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Race, Ethnicity, and Sex With Colorectal Cancer Screening Use Among US Adults With and Without Self-Reported Depressive Disorders, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2022.","authors":"Blanca Muñoz Villareal, Natalia Nielsen, Yiyang Yuan, Maira Castañeda-Avila","doi":"10.5888/pcd23.250296","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd23.250296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer death in men and the fourth in women in the US. Racial, ethnic, and sex disparities persist, and people with depressive disorders may delay or skip CRC screening, contributing to later-stage diagnosis and worse outcomes. We examined the association between sex, race, ethnicity, and CRC screening by depression history.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data for adults aged 45 to 74 years (n = 222,601), classifying CRC screening status as up to date or not up to date/never screened. The main predictors were sex, race, and ethnicity (eg, non-Hispanic Black women) and self-reported depression. We used Poisson regression to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The weighted sample represented approximately 108 million United States adults aged 45 to 74 years. People with depression were slightly more likely to be up to date with CRC screening (aPR = 1.05; 95% CI, 1.04-1.07) compared with those without depression. Asian (aPR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.72-0.83), American Indian or Alaska Native (aPR = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.75-0.88), and Hispanic (aPR = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.80-0.86) people were less likely to be up to date compared with White people. After adjusting for confounders, we found that depression was associated with increased screening only among White women, who were 4% more likely to be up to date (aPR = 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.07) than White men with depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Outreach programs should aim to increase awareness of and accessibility to CRC screening among people who are at high-risk for CRC, such as Hispanic and Asian populations. More research is needed to better understand how depression and its symptoms influence CRC screening use.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"23 ","pages":"E08"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13189023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147977130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic and Sociodemographic Patterns in Prevalence of Diagnosed Diabetes, US, 2021-2024.","authors":"Nicholas Yell, Michelle Asiedu-Danso, Cassie L Odahowski, Elizabeth Crouch, Gabriel A Benavidez","doi":"10.5888/pcd23.250288","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd23.250288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using pooled data from the 2021-2024 National Health Interview Survey, we compared the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes among rural and urban adults (≥18 y) across multiple sociodemographic factors by using survey-weighted descriptive statistics and t tests. Overall prevalence was 9.8%, with higher rates among rural residents (12.3%) than urban residents (9.3%) (P < .001); differences persisted across most sociodemographic groups, including by income, education, and race and ethnicity, but were absent among adults aged 65 years or older. The higher prevalence among rural residents compounds existing socioeconomic and racial and ethnic inequities, highlighting the need to monitor both rural-urban and within-rural differences and to prioritize tailored prevention and management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"23 ","pages":"E07"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13189024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147977116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultraprocessed Foods in Popular Children's Television Series.","authors":"Milia Tzoutzou, Paraskevi Detopoulou, Antonia-Leda Matalas, Eirini Bathrellou","doi":"10.5888/pcd23.250301","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd23.250301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Research on children's television programming examining the quality of presented foods finds a prevalence of processed foods, though the degree of processing of the foods shown has not been extensively examined. This study aims to assess the quality of the food presented in popular children's television series, based on the NOVA food classification system, and distinguish between the way foods are presented.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We selected 100 episodes of 10 cartoon television series that had large audiences of children. Food items, either eaten by heroes or introduced visually or verbally in television series, were recorded per episode. They were then classified according to the NOVA system. Differences by the series continent of origin (Europe, North America, or Asia) were also examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median number of food recordings per episode was 3.0, with most (61.5%) classified as foods introduced visually or verbally. More than half of all foods featured per episode were ultraprocessed foods (UPF) and one third of them were minimally processed foods (MPF), while other NOVA food categories rarely appeared. Both UPF and MPF were presented more often as foods introduced visually or verbally rather than as foods eaten, but UPF represented 72% of the foods eaten per episode. European cartoons broadcasted more UPF items compared with North American television series.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>UPF dominated in children's television series, especially those of European origin, raising a public health concern for Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"23 ","pages":"E06"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13189025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147977025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Critical Evaluation of Contextual Factors Affecting the Implementation of Pharmacist-Led Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Scoping Narrative Hybrid Review.","authors":"Arinze Nkemdirim Okere, Md Mohaimenul Islam","doi":"10.5888/pcd23.250380","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd23.250380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most preventable cancers and causes more than 50,000 deaths annually in the US. Screening disparities persist in rural versus urban populations and in populations with inadequate access to care. Community pharmacies, given their accessibility and trusted role in preventive care, represent a promising setting to expand CRC screening.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This scoping narrative hybrid review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines and the Arksey and O'Malley framework, along with other refinements. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase (via Elsevier), ProQuest, Medline (via OVID), and ClinicalTrials.gov by using broad key words related to CRC screening and pharmacy. Eligible studies included US-based studies describing pharmacist involvement in community pharmacy CRC screening. Data were synthesized by using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, with strategies mapped to the Implementation Research Logic Model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten US studies met inclusion criteria: 1 randomized community-pharmacy intervention trial, 1 pilot implementation study, 3 stakeholder qualitative studies, and 5 national or statewide surveys. Key barriers included lack of reimbursement, workflow constraints, pharmacist knowledge gaps, and limited care coordination. Facilitators included high patient willingness, trust in pharmacies, compatibility with existing workflows, and professional support from pharmacists and providers. Evidence-based strategies included targeted pharmacist training, workflow reminders, formal referral agreements with primary care, and patient engagement initiatives. Policy reforms to establish reimbursement and strengthen information exchange were identified as essential for sustainability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Community pharmacies are well positioned to expand CRC screening access. Addressing reimbursement, training, workflow, and coordination barriers through evidence-based strategies and supportive policy can enable pharmacist-delivered CRC screening to reduce disparities and improve population health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"23 ","pages":"E05"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13179722/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147950205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Health Care Providers' Knowledge of Arthritis-Appropriate, Evidence-Based Interventions Through Online Self-Assessment.","authors":"Elizabeth A Joy, Lindsey Gardner, Katie Lucero, Sara Thorpe, Meng Yuan, Elizabeth Erck, Heather Murphy, Shalu Garcha, Adam Burch, Anika L Foster","doi":"10.5888/pcd23.250313","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd23.250313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Physical activity is an important nonpharmacological strategy for managing arthritis-attributable pain and improving physical function. To prepare health care providers (HCPs) to deliver this care, the National Association of Chronic Disease Directors, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Medscape Education developed an online clinical practice assessment activity (CPA). This activity aimed to help HCPs assess their knowledge of arthritis-appropriate, evidence-based interventions (AAEBIs) and better incorporate them into treatment programs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 27-question CPA was launched in November 2022 and analyzed in May 2025. Educational effectiveness was assessed with a repeated-pairs preassessment/postassessment. Responses to multiple choice and confidence questions were aggregated and analyzed to help us understand participants' current practices and education needs for the management of patients with arthritis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 20,000 HCPs accessed the CPA; 4,395 completed the assessment and were included in the analysis. Less than two-thirds (59.8%) correctly identified recommendations about weekly moderate-intensity physical activity for adults with arthritis. After participating in the CPA, 82.2% agreed or strongly agreed that their awareness of AAEBIs and their benefits had increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HCPs showed a need for education to reinforce, improve, or extend knowledge about arthritis risk factors, barriers to physical activity, and physical activity prescription.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"23 ","pages":"E04"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13189026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147977103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Photovoice to Create Awareness and Proactive Attitudes Among Mothers of Preschool-Aged Children About the Prevalence of Ultraprocessed Food in the Local Food Environment.","authors":"Pamela Rothpletz-Puglia, Arthur Nabi, Ashley Hynes, Zainab Kutiyanawala, Thea Cogan-Drew, Nkechi Mbadugha, Veronica Jones","doi":"10.5888/pcd23.250377","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd23.250377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultraprocessed foods are deeply ingrained in US culture, and challenging the social acceptance of feeding children ultraprocessed foods is a priority. We used photovoice among a sample of mothers of preschool-aged children (n = 25) to assess their perceptions of the local food environment. Participants had 2 weeks before and after a nutrition education session to take photographs. Participants submitted 814 photographs of the local food environment, and mothers participated in 8 focus group discussions, each with 5 to 8 participants. After the education session, participants questioned the prevalence and marketing of ultraprocessed foods and discussed the need for change, thus signaling proactive attitudes.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"23 ","pages":"E03"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13189019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147977064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increase in Prevalence of Self-Reported High Blood Cholesterol Among Adults, United States, 2019-2023.","authors":"Kerui Xu, Magdalena M Pankowska, Ahlia Sekkarie, Omoye E Imoisili, Fleetwood Loustalot","doi":"10.5888/pcd23.250214","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd23.250214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Elevated levels of total blood cholesterol are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Clinical guidelines and recommendations encourage regular screening and management of blood cholesterol among adults to reduce this risk. This study assessed national and state-level trends in the age-standardized prevalence of self-reported blood cholesterol screening and elevated cholesterol levels among adults by using data from the 2019-2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Age-standardized prevalence of blood cholesterol screening during the preceding 5 years and high blood cholesterol among those ever screened were assessed by sex, age group, race and ethnicity, educational attainment, and state of residence. Absolute and relative changes from 2019 to 2023 were calculated, and linear and quadratic trends across survey periods were assessed by using orthogonal polynomial coefficients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2019 to 2023, the prevalence of adults who had blood cholesterol screened during the preceding 5 years slightly decreased by 0.5%, from 86.0% to 85.6% (-0.4 percentage points, P = .03). Among adults who had ever been screened, the prevalence of awareness for high blood cholesterol increased by 13.7%, rising from 29.2% to 33.2% (4.0 percentage points, P < .001). The prevalence of screening for and awareness of high blood cholesterol varied by sociodemographic characteristics and state of residence. Approximately two-thirds of US states experienced an increase in the prevalence of self-reported high blood cholesterol.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To improve cholesterol management, public health and clinical efforts should consider expanding resources and interventions that effectively promote early detection and raise awareness about the importance of cholesterol management.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"23 ","pages":"E02"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13189017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147977101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Social Determinants of Health and Cardiovascular Risk in Pregnant Women, United States.","authors":"Shazia Shaukat, Jennifer Horney, Xiaopeng Ji, Christine Hoch, Lauren Covington","doi":"10.5888/pcd23.250298","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd23.250298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Poor cardiovascular health (CVH) accounts for one-third of pregnancy-related deaths in the US. Social determinants of health (SDOH) - conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, and age - can negatively influence maternal CVH. Little is known about potential negative effects of SDOH on CVH during the perinatal period. This study aimed to identify associations between SDOH with CVH in pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of women who participated in the Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System (PRAMS) survey between 2016 and 2020. We created a composite score for CVH status based on the presence of hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and obesity. SDOH variables were maternal education level, marital status, rural residency, work status, poverty level, insurance status, food security, history of breastfeeding, birth order of the child, history of abuse, and depression history. Logistic regression accounting for complex survey data evaluated the association of SDOH with poor CVH risk by using adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% CIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final sample was 205,513 pregnant women (57.2% non-Hispanic white, 15.1% non-Hispanic Black, 18.3% Hispanic), of whom 53.8% were classified as having poor CVH. Disadvantaged SDOH were associated with poor CVH: rural residence (OR = 1.15), food insecurity (OR = 1.36), abuse history (OR = 1.43), depression history (OR = 1.52), living at or below the federal poverty line (OR = 1.23), single marital status (OR = 1.38), less than high school diploma (OR = 1.13) and having government insurance (OR = 1.31) (all P < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Having disadvantaged SDOH was associated with poor CVH during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"23 ","pages":"E01"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13189018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147977143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Across the Lifespan.","authors":"Leonard Jack","doi":"10.5888/pcd22.250371","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd22.250371","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"22 ","pages":"E63"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12890427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146151250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Model to Assess the Costs and Consequences of Changes in Diet and Nutrition From Potential Population-Wide Policies: The Microsimulation of Nutrition, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease (MONDAC).","authors":"Benjamin T Allaire, Thomas Hoerger, Rainer Hilscher, Matthew B Kaufmann, Simon Neuwahl, Lindsay M Jaacks, Stephen Onufrak, Karen R Siegel, Hui Shao, Michael Laxy, Ping Zhang","doi":"10.5888/pcd22.250105","DOIUrl":"10.5888/pcd22.250105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The prevalence of diabetes continues to increase - more than 38 million people in the US now have diabetes and 84 million have prediabetes. Because many new cases of incident diabetes may be attributed to suboptimal dietary quality, novel programs and policies to encourage healthy eating choices represent promising population-level approaches to reduce the number of new cases of diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To help estimate the potential impact of such programs and policies, we created the Microsimulation of Nutrition, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease (MONDAC), a model to estimate the impact of simulated population-level dietary changes on downstream outcomes: body mass index, diabetes incidence, cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence, all-cause mortality, quality-adjusted life years, direct medical costs, and cost-effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We used 24-hour recall data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to categorize food and beverage consumption into 51 mutually exclusive categories to understand the effects of dietary changes. We simulated the energy intake and dietary quality effects that result from increasing, decreasing, or reallocating intake of these 51 food categories. Reductions in calories induce weight loss via an energy balance model. Weight loss and improvements in dietary quality drive annual reductions in diabetes and CVD risk. Mortality was modeled using a lifetable approach, and direct medical care costs were applied using estimates from the literature. We cross-validated MONDAC with existing models to assess reliability of estimates. We provide an example simulation for MONDAC, modeling a reduction in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption at the national level in the US.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MONDAC provides a flexible approach to policy analysis to allow the user to simulate various food-related policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51273,"journal":{"name":"Preventing Chronic Disease","volume":"22 ","pages":"E62"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13131360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}