Seminars in Roentgenology最新文献

{"title":"Letter from the Guest Editor","authors":"Sudhakar Pipavath MD","doi":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51151,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Roentgenology","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 150960"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145946628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interstitial Lung Diseases Presenting as Small Nodules: Imaging Phenotypes","authors":"Palmi Shah MD,&nbsp;Maham Jehangir MD,&nbsp;Mohamed Hussein MD,&nbsp;Ramya Gaddikeri MD","doi":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interstitial lung disease (ILD) encompasses a diverse range of conditions that lead to inflammation and/or scarring of the lung interstitium, often affecting airspaces and resulting in a progressive decline in lung function. High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) is a crucial diagnostic tool for ILDs, and their characterization based on imaging. This article specifically focuses on ILD presentations characterized by <em>small lung nodules</em> on HRCT, defined as those measuring less than 10 mm. Small nodules on HRCT are analyzed based on size, distribution, borders, attenuation, associated findings, and temporal evolution to narrow diagnostic considerations. A key factor is the distribution pattern, which is placement within the secondary pulmonary lobule and axial interstitium. Based on their distribution pattern relative to the anatomical core of the lobule, small nodules are classified into 3 specific imaging phenotypes: <em>perilymphatic, centrilobular, and random. Perilymphatic nodular phenotypes</em> typically involve disease processes affecting the pulmonary lymphatics along the interlobular septa, pleura, fissures, and/or bronchovascular bundles. Common conditions include <em>Sarcoidosis, Occupational lung diseases</em> such as coal worker pneumoconiosis (CWP) and silicosis, Chronic beryllium disease, Granulomatous and Lymphocytic interstitial lung disease (GL-ILD), Pulmonary septal amyloidosis, Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis, Diffuse Pulmonary Ossification. <em>Centrilobular nodular phenotypes</em> are centered on the core structures of the secondary pulmonary lobule, including bronchioles, pulmonary arterioles, and central lymphatic vessels. They can be nonbranching (solid or ground-glass attenuation) or branching, often appearing as a \"tree-in-bud\" morphology. Nonbranching centrilobular nodules are seen in conditions such as Nonfibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), Respiratory bronchiolitis (RB), Follicular bronchiolitis (FB), Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP), Metastatic pulmonary calcification (MPC), Pulmonary hemosiderosis, and Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). Branching centrilobular nodules (\"tree-in-bud\") are typically not associated with ILDs and often indicate Infectious bronchiolitis, Aspiration and other disorders. <em>Random pulmonary nodular phenotypes</em> refer to nodules without a consistent relationship to the secondary lobule or other lung structures. While profuse perilymphatic nodules (e.g., in sarcoidosis and occupational lung diseases) can appear randomly distributed, true random patterns are characteristic of hematogenous infections or miliary metastases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51151,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Roentgenology","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 150957"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145946630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Smoking Related Interstitial Lung Disease: Pattern Really Does Matter”","authors":"Andrew E. Moore ,&nbsp;Daffolyn Rachael Fels Elliott ,&nbsp;Jeffrey P. Kanne ,&nbsp;Gregory M. Lee ,&nbsp;Christopher M. Walker","doi":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite overwhelming data detailing the harm of cigarette use, nearly 1.25 billion people worldwide continue to smoke. Amongst the myriad afflictions associated with cigarette use, smoking related interstitial lung disease is a common and likely underrecognized entity given the overlap and lack of consensus in clinical, pathological, and radiological diagnosis.</div><div>Many characteristic patterns of disease have been identified on diagnostic chest imaging, and using a pattern-based approach to radiologic diagnosis can improve diagnostic accuracy. Several discrete disease processes are categorized as smoking related interstitial lung disease and range from a potentially reversible desquamative interstitial pneumonia/alveolar macrophage pneumonia, to chronic and insidious onset idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with high morbidity and mortality.</div><div>This article reviews the common clinical findings and demographics associated with patient presentation, histopathological findings for each of the smoking related interstitial lung diseases upon tissue sampling or biopsy and suggests a pattern-based approach to radiologic diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51151,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Roentgenology","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 150953"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145946893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiothoracic Imaging AI for Cardiac Diseases","authors":"Satvik Tripathi ,&nbsp;Rupal O’Quinn ,&nbsp;Tessa S. Cook","doi":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed medical imaging across disciplines. In cardiothoracic imaging, AI has the potential to impact all modalities, including chest radiography, echocardiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear cardiology. Use cases include automated structural and functional quantification of anatomic structures, lesion detection and characterization, and novel disease screening opportunities. Here, we discuss techniques and applications specific to cardiovascular diseases, including multimodal AI, coronary artery disease and coronary calcium detection, cardiac structural and functional evaluation, analysis of acute aortic syndromes, and evolving use cases such as pericardial disease evaluation and pulmonary hypertension assessment. We also discuss population health-related aspects of AI, model development challenges, and ethical considerations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51151,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Roentgenology","volume":"60 4","pages":"Pages 413-421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking Lung Cancer Imaging: A Radiologist’s Role in an Evolving Landscape","authors":"Prachi P Agarwal","doi":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51151,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Roentgenology","volume":"60 4","pages":"Page 355"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiogenomics in Lung Cancer—Linking Imaging Phenotypes to Genetic Profiles","authors":"Hiren J. Mehta,&nbsp;Michael DiRico,&nbsp;Karthik Vijayan","doi":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51151,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Roentgenology","volume":"60 4","pages":"Pages 405-412"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in Imaging Pulmonary Nodules: Differentiating Benign from Malignant Lesions","authors":"Samuel R. Friedlander,&nbsp;Rocio Perez-Johnston,&nbsp;Markus Y. Wu","doi":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51151,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Roentgenology","volume":"60 4","pages":"Pages 365-380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oligometastatic and Oligoprogressive Disease in Lung Cancer: Concepts for Radiologists","authors":"Palmi Shah,&nbsp;Ramya S. Gaddikeri,&nbsp;Maham Jehangir,&nbsp;Kaitlin M. Robling,&nbsp;Mohamed Z. Hussein","doi":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51151,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Roentgenology","volume":"60 4","pages":"Pages 381-404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical, Regulatory, and Practical Challenges in Artificial Intelligence-Driven Chest Imaging","authors":"Juliana Barreto Caldas de Lima ,&nbsp;Ian Griffin ,&nbsp;Jessica Shapiro Gemmell ,&nbsp;Kayla Davis ,&nbsp;Udochukwu Amanamba ,&nbsp;Navid Asadi Zanjani ,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Hosseini Siyanaki ,&nbsp;Tan-Lucien Mohammed ,&nbsp;Takis Benos ,&nbsp;Rosana Souza Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Diana Gomez Manjarres ,&nbsp;Arezou Sobhani ,&nbsp;Bruno Hochhegger","doi":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial intelligence (AI) enhances the practice of chest imaging<span> by improving diagnostic accuracy, streamlining workflows, and facilitating personalized patient care. As a powerful tool, AI augments the expertise of radiologists, enabling more precise evaluations and quicker decision-making. This article examines the barriers to AI adoption in chest imaging, focusing on challenges related to bias, transparency, accountability, and data privacy. We discuss the ethical implications of AI-driven decision-making, particularly concerning fairness, and propose strategies to address these concerns. Additionally, we explore regulatory obstacles, including the approval pathways for AI algorithms and the need for continuous learning and adaptability in clinical settings. We also address practical considerations, such as the integration of AI tools into existing workflows, model generalizability, and economic factors. The article concludes with recommendations for responsible AI adoption, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, robust validation frameworks, and continuous education for radiologists. By navigating these challenges, the radiology community can effectively leverage AI’s potential, ultimately leading to enhanced patient outcomes and improved diagnostic processes.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":51151,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Roentgenology","volume":"60 4","pages":"Pages 422-438"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Lung Cancer: Current Trends and Future Directions","authors":"Joice Prodigios ,&nbsp;Ronak Kundalia ,&nbsp;Amanda Acevedo ,&nbsp;Jean Bontemps ,&nbsp;David Pfaehler ,&nbsp;Md Mahfuz Al Hasan ,&nbsp;Kyle B. See ,&nbsp;Nupur Verma ,&nbsp;Daniela Hochhegger ,&nbsp;Alysson Roncally Silva Carvalho ,&nbsp;Tan-Lucien Mohammed ,&nbsp;Bruno Hochhegger","doi":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.ro.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51151,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Roentgenology","volume":"60 4","pages":"Pages 439-449"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}