Andrea Polonioli, Riccardo Ghioni, Ciro Greco, Prathm Juneja, Jacopo Tagliabue, David Watson, Luciano Floridi
{"title":"The Ethics of Online Controlled Experiments (A/B Testing)","authors":"Andrea Polonioli, Riccardo Ghioni, Ciro Greco, Prathm Juneja, Jacopo Tagliabue, David Watson, Luciano Floridi","doi":"10.1007/s11023-023-09644-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-023-09644-y","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Online controlled experiments, also known as A/B tests, have become ubiquitous. While many practical challenges in running experiments at scale have been thoroughly discussed, the ethical dimension of A/B testing has been neglected. This article fills this gap in the literature by introducing a new, soft ethics and governance framework that explicitly recognizes how the rise of an experimentation culture in industry settings brings not only unprecedented opportunities to businesses but also significant responsibilities. More precisely, the article (a) introduces a set of principles to encourage ethical and responsible experimentation to protect users, customers, and society; (b) argues that ensuring compliance with the proposed principles is a complex challenge unlikely to be addressed by resorting to a one-solution response; (c) discusses the relevance and effectiveness of several mechanisms and policies in educating, governing, and incentivizing companies conducting online controlled experiments; and (d) offers a list of prompting questions specifically designed to help and empower practitioners by stimulating specific ethical deliberations and facilitating coordination among different groups of stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":51133,"journal":{"name":"Minds and Machines","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136061704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Yet Another Impossibility Theorem in Algorithmic Fairness","authors":"Fabian Beigang","doi":"10.1007/s11023-023-09645-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-023-09645-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51133,"journal":{"name":"Minds and Machines","volume":"759 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41281802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Natural and Artificial Intelligence: A Comparative Analysis of Cognitive Aspects","authors":"Francesco Abbate","doi":"10.1007/s11023-023-09646-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-023-09646-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51133,"journal":{"name":"Minds and Machines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44410664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Avatars as Proxies","authors":"Paula Sweeney","doi":"10.1007/s11023-023-09643-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-023-09643-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51133,"journal":{"name":"Minds and Machines","volume":"33 1","pages":"525 - 539"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43538872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Non-theory-driven Character of Computer Simulations and Their Role as Exploratory Strategies","authors":"J. M. Durán","doi":"10.1007/s11023-023-09641-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-023-09641-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51133,"journal":{"name":"Minds and Machines","volume":"33 1","pages":"487 - 505"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48388231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reasoning with Concepts: A Unifying Framework","authors":"P. Gärdenfors, Matías Osta-Vélez","doi":"10.1007/s11023-023-09640-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-023-09640-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51133,"journal":{"name":"Minds and Machines","volume":"33 1","pages":"451 - 485"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45243937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Alternative to Cognitivism: Computational Phenomenology for Deep Learning","authors":"P. Beckmann, G. Köstner, Inês Hipólito","doi":"10.1007/s11023-023-09638-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-023-09638-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51133,"journal":{"name":"Minds and Machines","volume":"33 1","pages":"397 - 427"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48938518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Machines Learn Better with Better Data Ontology: Lessons from Philosophy of Induction and Machine Learning Practice","authors":"Dan Li","doi":"10.1007/s11023-023-09639-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-023-09639-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51133,"journal":{"name":"Minds and Machines","volume":"33 1","pages":"429 - 450"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46818804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"True Turing: A Bird’s-Eye View","authors":"E. Daylight","doi":"10.1007/s11023-023-09634-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-023-09634-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51133,"journal":{"name":"Minds and Machines","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48236055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}