Limnologica最新文献

{"title":"Taxonomic diversity of the freshwater Zooplankton in Argentina: A review","authors":"Susana B. José de Paggi ,&nbsp;María Cristina Marinone ,&nbsp;Gabriela C. Küppers ,&nbsp;María Cristina Claps ,&nbsp;Juan C. Paggi","doi":"10.1016/j.limno.2022.126029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.limno.2022.126029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Argentina, an extensive country located in southern South America, encompasses a considerable range of latitude and altitude, with a high diversity of lowland and highland waterbodies. Our study is aimed at providing information regarding the current taxonomic diversity of the main groups of the country’s inland-water zooplankton. A total of 242 Protozoa, 375 Rotifera Monogononta, 170 Cladocera, and 120 Copepoda species and subspecies are reported. We submit considerations of the current level of taxonomic knowledge, the regional distribution of the species, and the biogeographical (or zoogeographical) aspects. Since most research was focused on a few regions or a small number of water bodies within large regions, many habitats have been scarcely studied, particularly in areas with wide seasonal or interannual variability. We assume that the potential species number in all groups is much higher than currently recognized. Further studies at wider spatial and temporal scales and at a higher taxonomical resolution as well, are needed in order to provide a full picture of the zooplankton diversity of Argentina.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51110,"journal":{"name":"Limnologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41690562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current knowledge concerning distribution of freshwater planktonic, littoral and benthic Rotifera and microcrustacea (Cladocera, Copepoda and Ostracoda) in Central America and the Caribbean","authors":"Gerardo Umaña-Villalobos ,&nbsp;Sharon van Tuylen ,&nbsp;Margaret Dix ,&nbsp;Marcela I. Matamoros ,&nbsp;Lidia R. Avilés-Vargas ,&nbsp;Natalia Vargas-López ,&nbsp;Roberto A. Cano-Espinoza","doi":"10.1016/j.limno.2023.126085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2023.126085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Central America and the Caribbean, at the northern limit of the Neotropical region, is made up of a narrow strip of land and numerous islands, with a complex geological history, represents an important biogeographic connection between North and South America and contains diverse freshwater environments, including high mountain and lowlands lakes and wetlands. We examined literature reports and databases for freshwater planktonic, benthic and littoral Rotifera and microcrustacea distribution in the area in order to update, unify and summarize disparate information that has accumulated since Collado et al.’s initial contribution in 1984 that listed 369 specific and infraspecific taxa. We used the most common databases and keywords to locate papers on Rotifera, Cladocera, Ostracoda and Copepoda and found 457 new records from more than 200 study sites that list 92 genera and 782 species, as well as over 30 infraspecific taxa, for the region. These included 84%, 53%, 37% and 21% respectively, of known neotropical species of these groups. Analysis using the Sorensen-Dice Similarity Index showed high heterogeneity in species composition for the area and hierarchical clustering suggests three groups for the Caribbean islands. Lack of resources has hindered the formal publication of research. We conclude that a collaborative effort is needed to produce scientists capable of combining taxonomic information with ecological studies to enhance understanding of anthropogenic impacts on water resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51110,"journal":{"name":"Limnologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49742352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current knowledge concerning distribution of freshwater planktonic, littoral and benthic Rotifera and microcrustacea (Cladocera, Copepoda and Ostracoda) in Central America and the Caribbean","authors":"Gerardo Umaña-Villalobos ,&nbsp;Sharon van Tuylen ,&nbsp;Margaret Dix ,&nbsp;Marcela I. Matamoros ,&nbsp;Lidia R. Avilés-Vargas ,&nbsp;Natalia Vargas-López ,&nbsp;Roberto A. Cano-Espinoza","doi":"10.1016/j.limno.2023.126054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.limno.2023.126054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Central America and the Caribbean, at the northern limit of the Neotropical region, is made up of a narrow strip of land and numerous islands, with a complex geological history, represents an important biogeographic connection between North and South America and contains diverse freshwater environments, including high mountain and lowlands lakes and wetlands. We examined literature reports and databases for freshwater planktonic, benthic and littoral Rotifera and microcrustacea distribution in the area in order to update, unify and summarize disparate information that has accumulated since Collado et al.’s initial contribution in 1984 that listed 369 specific and infraspecific taxa. We used the most common databases and keywords to locate papers on Rotifera, Cladocera, Ostracoda and Copepoda and found 457 new records from more than 200 study sites that list 92 genera and 782 species, as well as over 30 infraspecific taxa, for the region. These included 84%, 53%, 37% and 21% respectively, of known neotropical species of these groups. Analysis using the Sorensen-Dice Similarity Index showed high heterogeneity in species composition for the area and hierarchical clustering suggests three groups for the Caribbean islands. Lack of resources has hindered the formal publication of research. We conclude that a collaborative effort is needed to produce scientists capable of combining taxonomic information with ecological studies to enhance understanding of anthropogenic impacts on water resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51110,"journal":{"name":"Limnologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45651307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land use impact on the levels of fluorescent dissolved organic matter, phytoplankton and zooplankton in urban lakes","authors":"Cristina L. Popa ,&nbsp;Simona I. Dontu ,&nbsp;Elfrida M. Carstea ,&nbsp;Ioan-Cristian Ioja ,&nbsp;Larisa I. Florescu ,&nbsp;Alina C. Dumitrache ,&nbsp;Gabriel Vanau ,&nbsp;Ana-Maria Popa ,&nbsp;Mirela Moldoveanu","doi":"10.1016/j.limno.2023.126062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.limno.2023.126062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Urban lakes are vulnerable ecosystems, sensitive to environmental challenges, such as pollution, land use transformation and climate change. Closed and open lakes play relatively different roles in the accumulation, transport and transformation of pollutants and organic matter. Land use can influence the concentration of dissolved organic matter and the abundance of phytoplankton. Little is known about the relationship between fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM), phytoplankton and zooplankton in open and closed lakes, relative to the impact of land use. This study aims to determine the connection between various types of land use and FDOM characteristics, as well as phytoplankton and zooplankton abundances in urban lakes. For the closed lakes samples, results showed positive associations between Bacillariophyceae and Testacea, and the protein-like fraction, while for open lakes, positive associations were found between these groups and the microbial humic-like fraction. Also, copepods and rotifers were associated with the humic-like fraction, in closed lakes, but in open lakes copepods correlated with the biological index, and rotifers with the humification index and fluorescence T/C ratio. Results suggested that discontinuous urban fabric, dump sites and abandoned lands decreased the abundance of protein-like fraction and phytoplankton. However, lakes with the highest quantity of protein-like FDOM also had the highest coverage of continuous urban fabric around the lake. Green urban areas decreased the quantity of humic-like FDOM. No impact by land use type was observed on zooplankton groups, suggesting that zooplankton may be less vulnerable to land use. Our findings will contribute to an improved urban water management and to an effective control of FDOM and phytoplankton abundances in urban lakes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51110,"journal":{"name":"Limnologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42146448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An analysis of interannual data on phytoplankton and zooplankton associations in fluctuating soda lakes","authors":"E.Yu. Afonina,&nbsp;N.A. Tashlykova","doi":"10.1016/j.limno.2022.126047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.limno.2022.126047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aquatic ecosystems in arid regions are important and unique habitats for aquatic wildlife and support species biodiversity. Endorheic soda lakes in Central Asia are subject to great fluctuations in its size depending on climatic conditions. Here we present research results covering the last 20 years, including the period from the maximum filling of the Torey lakes (Transbaikalia, Russia) to their aridification and the initial phase of their refilling. Barun-Torey and Zun-Torey lakes are the largest soda lakes in the arid zone with a large water surface area. A unique feature of lakes is the unstable hydrological regime. The reason for the water level change is the periodic filling and drying of lakes due to cyclic climatic changes in humidity and temperature. We aim to determine the response of the plankton communities to environmental change in the Torey lakes over this period. We analysed the interannual variations in phytoplankton and zooplankton species richness, structure and density. We conducted our studies during various phases of the hydrological cycle, including three periods for Zun-Torey Lake (high (1999 and 2003), intermediate (2007, 2011) and low (2014 and 2016) lake levels) and two periods for Barun-Torey (high water level (1999 and 2003) and the initial filling phase (2014, 2016, 2018, 2020, 2021)). Barun-Torey Lake dried up completely in summer 2009 and since 2013 the initial refilling has been observed. Zun-Torey Lake dried up in fall 2017. Changes in water level and water chemistry determined plankton biodiversity transformation. Fluctuations of plankton communities were different for each lake and conformed the phases of the hydrological cycle. We identified four stage changes in plankton associations during the aridification of Zun-Torey Lake, and three stage changes in plankton associations as the water level fell and through the initial refilling phase for Barun-Torey Lake.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51110,"journal":{"name":"Limnologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42373092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-throughput sequencing and marker pigment analysis of freshwater phytoplankton: A direct comparison with microscopic count data in the tropical crater lakes of Western Uganda","authors":"Heidi Tanttu ,&nbsp;Dirk Verschuren ,&nbsp;Wannes De Crop ,&nbsp;Angela Nankabirwa ,&nbsp;Christine Cocquyt ,&nbsp;Bjorn Tytgat ,&nbsp;Elie Verleyen","doi":"10.1016/j.limno.2023.126052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.limno.2023.126052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High-throughput DNA sequencing (HTS) and photosynthetic marker-pigment analysis can provide cost-and time-efficient alternatives for morphology-based microscopic identification and counting of lacustrine phytoplankton. However, application of particularly HTS in tropical lakes is still uncommon. We analyzed the community composition of cyanobacterial and eukaryotic phytoplankton in relation to trophic status and other environmental factors in 15 tropical crater lakes in western Uganda, using both high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of photosynthetic marker pigments and HTS of 16 S and 18 S small subunit rRNA genes. We then compared the results with phytoplankton composition data based on microscopic identification and cell counting to evaluate whether the two former methods can be alternative or complementary approaches to analyze these lakes’ phytoplankton communities. HTS recorded 105 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of cyanobacteria, and 197 OTUs of autotrophic eukaryotes mainly from dinoflagellates, cryptophytes and green algae. Ochrophyta (chrysophytes and diatoms) were present in low abundances only, and the few remaining sequences belonged to Streptophyta and Haptophyta. Marker pigment distribution among samples reflected the widespread and often dominant presence of cyanobacteria (primarily zeaxanthin, myxoxanthophyll and echinenone), followed by green algae (chlorophyll <em>b</em>, lutein, antheraxanthin, neoxanthin) and diatoms (fucoxanthin, diato-diadinoxanthin), and with cryptophyta (alloxanthin) important in some of the lakes. Direct and indirect ordinations of the OTUs and marker pigments revealed that, similar to patterns observed in cell counts, phytoplankton community composition differed between deep oligotrophic lakes and shallower more productive lakes, even though the distribution of cyanobacterial OTUs was more related to lake water conductivity and season than to trophic status. Procrustes analyses of the composition of green algae and Ochrophyta, the two dominant eukaryotic groups, based on HTS data showed patterns significantly similar to composition data based on cell counts, but no significant correlations were found between the complete eukaryotic or cyanobacterial HTS data and cell count data. While the latter discrepancies can be attributed to method-related biases in both HTS and microscopy, in contrast to the microscopic approach HTS failed to identify trophic indicator species and did not assign all lakes to the correct trophic category. Composition data based on marker pigments clustered the 15 lakes according to their trophic level only when pigment abundances were expressed as absolute concentrations, not when expressed as fractional abundances. We attribute this lower discriminating power partly to the wide distribution of cyanobacteria in these tropical crater lakes, besides the pigments’ low taxonomic resolution. Nevertheless, as the compositional patterns in relation to environmental var","PeriodicalId":51110,"journal":{"name":"Limnologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42408692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A century of diatom monitoring in acidified and warmed Dutch moorland pools","authors":"Herman van Dam ,&nbsp;Adrienne Mertens","doi":"10.1016/j.limno.2023.126059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.limno.2023.126059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diatoms are well-known indicators for acidification and recovery of lakes, as mainly with paleolimnological methods. However, from the last few decades, such studies are scarce, especially in Europe, and there is a poor insight into the interaction between the impact of the recovery from acidification and drought periods on diatoms. The surface water chemistry of Dutch moorland pools has shown strong signs of chemical recovery as a response to declines in sulphur and nitrogen deposition between 1978 and 2018. We expected that changes in water chemistry were associated with changes in diatom assemblages and that the diatom assemblages at the end of the monitoring period would be dissimilar to pre-acidification diatom assemblages due to the changed biogeochemical processes in the pools. To monitor the recovery from acidification, diatoms from plants and surficial sediments were sampled in 11 Dutch moorland pools from 1978 to 2018. As far as we know, this is the longest series of semi-annual diatom records in stagnant shallow waters recovering from acidification. Early 20th-century samples were retrieved from collections. Changes in the diatom assemblages were assessed by analyses of traits (including pH-preference) and ecological groups. Direct correspondence analysis revealed high correlations between the species composition and environmental variables (pH, sulphate, ammonium, dissolved organic carbon, calcium, and aluminium). Between 1916 and 1978, the greatest species composition changes occurred in pools with relatively flat banks exposed to the air in extremely dry summers. After the dry summer of 1921, the changes were insignificant, but after the extremely dry summer of 1976, the changes were dramatic due to acidification by oxidation of the reduced sulphur and nitrogen compounds stored in the moorland pool bottom. After 1980, the changes were consistent with chemical recovery from acidification. However, there was a significant interaction with climatic factors: drought episodes in the short term and temperature increase in the long term. Some species in the samples from the last decades indicate an acid, but eutrophic environment, due to internal eutrophication. The species composition did not return to the historical composition (1920 s), as the chemical dynamics due to the large stock of sulphur and nitrogen compounds are now entirely different from those a century ago.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51110,"journal":{"name":"Limnologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42129620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using machine learning models to assess the population dynamic of the freshwater invasive snail Physa acuta Draparnaud, 1805 (Gastropoda: Physidae) in a tropical urban polluted streams-system","authors":"Siméon Tchakonte ,&nbsp;Paul-Alain Nana ,&nbsp;Antoine Arfao Tamsa ,&nbsp;Nectaire Lié Nyamsi Tchatcho ,&nbsp;Ernest Koji ,&nbsp;Fils Mamert Onana ,&nbsp;Gideon Aghaindum Ajeagah","doi":"10.1016/j.limno.2022.126049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.limno.2022.126049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The poor understanding of the spread conditions and the geographical patterns of the exotic freshwater snail Physa acuta in sub-Saharan Africa urban streams makes it difficult to design and implement sustainable management tools, especially in deteriorating global and local environments. This study aimed to determine the ecological preferences and the major environmental variables associated with P. acuta abundance, occurrence and distribution in Douala urban streams-system using modelling approaches based on discriminant factor analysis, canonical Spearman correlation and random forest tree models. We inductively define four clusters for snail’s distribution along a geographical and upstream–downstream pollution gradient. Snail’s specimens were collected monthly over a 13-month period in two forest and ten urban sites using a long-handled net (30x30cm side, 400-µm mesh). Meanwhile, measurements of the physicochemical properties of water and streambed sediment were taken. In addition, ten metal contents were determined in P. acuta tissues to assess its ability of bioaccumulation of heavy metals. Results revealed that urban streams of Douala are adversely impaired, especially downstream of industrial effluents. Discriminant factor analysis and random forest regression trees model showed that dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, alkalinity, salinity, pH, water depth, wetted width, zinc, iron, cadmium, encumbrance rate of the sediment and sediment types (high sandy mud, sandy mud and muddy sand) were the major environmental variables responsible for structuring P. acuta distribution. Abundances decline drastically following pollution gradient, with great decrease observed in juvenile size classes. High contents of metals were detected in P. acuta tissues, especially downstream of industrial effluents. This study highlights that P. acuta spread in Douala urban-streams system is structured by key environmental variables related to an upstream–downstream pollution gradient. Therefore management plans should emphasize on proper disposal ways of industrial wastes, and stakeholders should take responsible actions in water pollution control and implement the polluter-payer principle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51110,"journal":{"name":"Limnologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45738680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water quality assessment using phytoplankton functional groups in the middle-lower Changjiang River, China","authors":"Zhaoshi Wu ,&nbsp;Fang Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Wang ,&nbsp;Kuanyi Li ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.limno.2023.126056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.limno.2023.126056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Changjiang River (CR) is the third longest and fifth largest river in the world. However, assessments of its water quality, especially those based on relatively large-scale investigations, are still limited. Our study illustrated the phytoplankton community structure in the CR and assessed its ecological status using the phytoplankton assemblage index for rivers (Q_r index). Samples were collected at 85 sites covering the middle-lower CR in May 2017. The total phytoplankton biomass was higher in the lower section of the river and was characterized by diatoms and cryptophytes. In terms of Reynolds functional groups, the phytoplankton biomass was dominated by <strong>T</strong>_{<strong>B</strong>}, <strong>Y</strong>, <strong>D</strong>, and <strong>MP</strong>, which accounted for 31%, 23%, 13%, and 11% of the mean total biomass, respectively. The ecological status was generally “good” in the CR, with a mean Q_r of 3.70, which was higher in the middle section. Generalized linear models showed significant positive correlations between Q_r and RFGs with the highest <em>F</em> value, i.e. <strong>T</strong>_{<strong>B</strong>} and <strong>P</strong> (both <em>p</em> values&lt;0.001). Q_r showed an absence of correlation with the phytoplankton biomass, which was low in our study. The results of our study suggested that Q_r can be used in ecological assessments in the CR, which will benefit local water quality assessments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51110,"journal":{"name":"Limnologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47587038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foraging morphology and diet divergence of European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) in water courses of Murmansk region","authors":"E.M. Zubova ,&nbsp;N.A. Kashulin ,&nbsp;P.M. Terentyev ,&nbsp;D.B. Denisov ,&nbsp;S.A. Valkova ,&nbsp;A.A. Cherepanov ,&nbsp;S.V. Postnova ,&nbsp;A.V. Melekhin","doi":"10.1016/j.limno.2023.126053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.limno.2023.126053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>European whitefish (<em>Coregonus lavaretus</em>) is a highly polymorphic species. In general, it is assumed that the divergence in whitefish is a form of a specialization in the use of the resources (including food) of the main limnological zones – pelagic (plankton), littoral (benthos, plankton), profundal (benthos) – and the morphological adaptations of the shape of the body and head simultaneously determine the direction of the process. The shape and number of gill rakers, which are responsible in whitefish for prey retention, are considered the most important adaptive trait and are most often used to distinguish between its sympatric morphs or ecotypes. Current study will be devoted to foraging morphology and diet divergence of whitefish in water courses of Murmansk region. Our study of the water bodies in three major river basins of Murmansk region revealed the presence of two whitefish morphs: sparsely rakered (further <em>sr</em>) and medium rakered (<em>mr</em>). The <em>mr</em> morph is less common and observed only alongside the <em>sr</em> whitefish. In general, in <em>sr</em> whitefish the number of gill rakers ranges between 15 and 31, and in <em>mr</em> whitefish between 27 and 44. Among whitefishes with 27–31 gill rakers, both <em>sr</em> and <em>mr</em> morphs were observed and distinguishable by the shape of the rakers. In the studied <em>sr</em> whitefish populations, relatively long and short rakered whitefish morphs were found. In Lake Kuetsjärvi (Pasvik River basin), the <em>sr</em> and <em>mr</em> whitefish formed additional slow- and fast-growing ecological morphs. In the water bodies of the Murmansk region, the greatest diversity of sympatric morphs of whitefish (from two – <em>sr</em> and <em>dr</em> to four morphs – <em>sr1</em>, <em>sr2</em>, <em>mr1</em>, <em>mr2</em>) is observed in the most polluted water bodies with higher productivity and a large abundance of such generalists as perch and European smelt. The diet of <em>sr</em> and <em>mr</em> whitefish morphs in the studied water bodies of Murmansk region in summer-autumn period is associated with hydrobiological features of fish habitats. <em>Sr</em> whitefish morph from the Pasvik, Tuloma and Niva Rivers basins, inhabiting mainly littoral and profundal areas of water bodies, have a benthic diet. <em>Mr</em> whitefish morph, inhabiting mainly littoral and pelagic areas of water bodies, have both benthic and mixed feeding types. According to our data, coexistence of four morphs of whitefish in Lake Kuetsjärvi (lower Pasvik River) – <em>sr1, mr1</em>, <em>sr2</em> and <em>mr2</em> have the low specialization and use the most abundant recourses in lake. The most extensive overlapping of feeding spectra is found in small morphs in Lake Kuetsjärvi – <em>sr1</em> and <em>mr1.</em> On the basis of our data on whitefish from water bodies of Murmansk region we found active gill apparatus functioning in fish, as minimum length of food organisms in <em>sr</em> and ","PeriodicalId":51110,"journal":{"name":"Limnologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43348349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}