Pacific FocusPub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1111/pafo.12255
Keon-Jak Jeong, Kyungmoo Heo, Youbean Kim
{"title":"Exploring Alternative Futures Focusing on the Science and Technology Policy of Kim Jong‐un's Regime*","authors":"Keon-Jak Jeong, Kyungmoo Heo, Youbean Kim","doi":"10.1111/pafo.12255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pafo.12255","url":null,"abstract":"Science and technology policy of Kim Jong‐un's regime in North Korea is more strategic and aggressive than ever before. Under the tight economic sanctions led by the United States and its partners, the young leader makes a desperate effort to boost science and technology (S&T) for maintaining North Korea's political stability and achieving economic development. Despite growing concerns over nuclear and security issues, studies addressing the alternative futures of North Korea are mainly focused on the economy, nuclear weapons, and stability of the regime. This study explores various alternative futures for North Korea's S&T policy, which are different from the viewpoints of most existing studies. To envision and propose alternative futures for North Korea's S&T policy in 2050, we try to link uncertainty levels and types of futures based on Voros' future types and utilize Dator's alternative future model. Based on alternative futures, this study suggests a new perspective to better understand the plausible futures of S&T policies and strategies for a preferable future of the country.","PeriodicalId":510678,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Focus","volume":" 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141831928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pacific FocusPub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1111/pafo.12254
Lee Yoochul
{"title":"A Journey Towards a Non‐Western International Relations Theory: Non‐Western Conceptualization of the English School","authors":"Lee Yoochul","doi":"10.1111/pafo.12254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pafo.12254","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to examine non‐Western international relations theory (IRT) and explore, at the theoretical level, the potential for epistemological autonomy from the confines of Western‐centered epistemology prevalent in existing IRT. As a consequence, the non‐Western world, subjected to colonialist expansion and modernization and often regarded as merely the leaves, has been relegated to a passive role within the international system, becoming a disengaged object of little interest. However, what has existed cannot be entirely erased. While it is undeniable that international politics was predominantly developed based on a Western‐centric epistemology, other ancient civilizations had diverse international systems and orders that molded their identities as regional international societies. Consequently, the study provides a crucial backdrop for theoretical endeavors aimed at integrating the voices and experiences of the Global South into IRT, which has traditionally been dominated by Western perspectives. This study seeks to explore the potential for transcending Western intellectual hegemony by critiquing the limitations of a singular worldview and expanding and transforming the English School Theory (EST). It seeks to investigate the possibility of moving beyond Western‐centricity in international relations theory by conducting a historical comparison of civilizations across countries and the associated disciplines within civilizations as a field.","PeriodicalId":510678,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Focus","volume":" 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141831634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pacific FocusPub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.1111/pafo.12243
Yue Wu
{"title":"China's Motivation for Providing Medical Aid during COVID‐19","authors":"Yue Wu","doi":"10.1111/pafo.12243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pafo.12243","url":null,"abstract":"The global economy has been adversely affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic, leading to setbacks in development progress. Against this backdrop, donor countries have increased their expenditure on medical aid as part of their foreign assistance. As an emerging donor from the developing world, China has also been actively involved in providing medical assistance to other countries since 2020. This paper intends to investigate and elucidate China's motivation to offer medical aid to other countries amid the COVID‐19 pandemic. To this end, it utilizes a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods. Specifically, the Tobit model is employed to conduct regression analyses on China's medical assistance during the pandemic. Additionally, two case studies, namely Chinese aid to Pakistan and the Democratic Republic of Congo, are examined to gain insights into the specific motivations driving China's medical aid. The results of this paper indicate that China's motivation for providing medical assistance during COVID‐19 is multifaceted, including self‐interested economic and political‐diplomatic factors rather than purely altruistic motives. Furthermore, the allocation of China's medical aid is significantly influenced by whether the recipient country is involved in the Belt and Road Initiative.","PeriodicalId":510678,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Focus","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140230754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}