{"title":"Federigo Enriques (1871-1946): A critical study of Lezioni di geometria proiettiva","authors":"M.G. Lugaresi , C. D'Alterio","doi":"10.1016/j.hm.2022.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hm.2022.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Federigo Enriques (1871-1946) was a protagonist of mathematical culture in the early twentieth century. The handbook prepared for one of his university courses at the University of Bologna, <em>Lezioni di geometria proiettiva</em><span>, constitutes probably the most representative work of his early teaching years. This book has influenced several Enriques' researches, and in particular those relating to the foundations of geometry. The use of the synthetic approach in setting up the handbook leads Enriques to a new arrangement of the contents. The proposed analysis explores this aspect, showing in particular the law of duality, the postulate of continuity and the fundamental theorem of projectivity, without neglecting the importance that Enriques attributes to the historical developments of mathematics.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":51061,"journal":{"name":"Historia Mathematica","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 15-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44601723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modern light on ancient feud: Robert Hooke and Newton's graphical method","authors":"Siu A. Chin","doi":"10.1016/j.hm.2021.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hm.2021.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The feud between Robert Hooke and Isaac Newton, over whether Newton should have acknowledged Hooke's influence on his graphical method of constructing planet orbits, the celebrated </span>Proposition 1, Theorem 1 of the </span><span><em>Principia</em></span><span>, has remained ongoing among their respective supporters, even after 300 years. The drama has escalated in recent decades, with a claim that Hooke may have used the same method and obtained an elliptical orbit for a linear force, a feat that some considered Newton never did for the inverse-square force. Modern understanding of Newton's graphical method as a symplectic integrator can now shed light on whether this claim is creditable.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":51061,"journal":{"name":"Historia Mathematica","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42260091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the history of units in French elementary school arithmetic: The case of proportionality","authors":"Christine Chambris , Jana Visnovska","doi":"10.1016/j.hm.2021.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hm.2021.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The measurement of magnitudes was at the foundation of numbers and calculation in academic mathematics until the 19th century. It provided units and the concrete and abstract numbers that formed the basis of school arithmetic up to the mid-20th century in France. Our analysis of changes in teaching resources for proportionality (late 19th to the early 21st century) documents how the disappearance of magnitudes in academic knowledge was followed by the loss of the differentiation of the conceptual complexity of mathematical ideas related to proportionality. These changes made teaching and learning about proportionality considerably more difficult, and we later witness their gradual, but not yet systematic, reversal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51061,"journal":{"name":"Historia Mathematica","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 99-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42148964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measuring crops with the šukunnûm-number","authors":"Baptiste Fiette","doi":"10.1016/j.hm.2020.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hm.2020.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Šamaš-hazir was the manager of the royal domain of Hammu-rabi, king of Babylon (1792-1750 BC), in southern Mesopotamia. Harvest registers and yield tables found in his archives take the form of tabular accounts in which an estimated yield rate is expressed by a number called <em>šukunnûm</em>. Although the <em>šukunnûm</em>-number is used to keep accounts of barley yield rates, it is never associated with a specific unit of measurement. In order to define the elaboration and the nature of the <em>šukunnûm</em>-number, this article will analyze its relation to surface and capacity units and its function in crop measurements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51061,"journal":{"name":"Historia Mathematica","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 71-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hm.2020.06.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42438097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction – A critical approach to the opposition between “concrete” and “abstract” numbers","authors":"Christine Proust, Eric Vandendriessche","doi":"10.1016/j.hm.2022.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hm.2022.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51061,"journal":{"name":"Historia Mathematica","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 3-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46739621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Complex numbers” and the problem of multiplication between quantities","authors":"Débora Ferreira , Gert Schubring","doi":"10.1016/j.hm.2020.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hm.2020.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents an analysis of a hitherto barely known conceptual problem in the foundations of arithmetic. An unknown type of number, so-called complex numbers, first emerged in 18th century France and became connected with the claim of non-commutativity of their multiplication. These first French practitioners are here analysed, along with examination of the impact of the introduction of the metric decimal system. International dissemination of the notion is then analysed, in particular in the case of Brazil. The paper concludes by looking at the mathematical foundations of multiplying (physical) quantities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51061,"journal":{"name":"Historia Mathematica","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 119-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hm.2020.07.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42331581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}