Frontiers in Veterinary Science最新文献

{"title":"Modeling transmission of avian influenza viruses at the human-animal-environment interface in Cuba","authors":"Damarys de las Nieves Montano Valle, John Berezowski, Beatriz Delgado-Hernández, Adrian Quintana Hernández, M. I. Percedo-Abreu, Pastor Alfonso, Luis Pedro Carmo","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1415559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1415559","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing geographical spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) is of global concern due to the underlying zoonotic and pandemic potential of the virus and its economic impact. An integrated One Health model was developed to estimate the likelihood of Avian Influenza (AI) introduction and transmission in Cuba, which will help inform and strengthen risk-based surveillance activities.The spatial resolution used for the model was the smallest administrative district (“Consejo Popular”). The model was parameterised for transmission from wild birds to poultry and pigs (commercial and backyard) and then to humans. The model includes parameters such as risk factors for the introduction and transmission of AI into Cuba, animal and human population densities; contact intensity and a transmission parameter (β).Areas with a higher risk of AI transmission were identified for each species and type of production system. Some variability was observed in the distribution of areas estimated to have a higher probability of AI introduction and transmission. In particular, the south-western and eastern regions of Cuba were highlighted as areas with the highest risk of transmission.These results are potentially useful for refining existing criteria for the selection of farms for active surveillance, which could improve the ability to detect positive cases. The model results could contribute to the design of an integrated One Health risk-based surveillance system for AI in Cuba. In addition, the model identified geographical regions of particular importance where resources could be targeted to strengthen biosecurity and early warning surveillance.","PeriodicalId":510340,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"108 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141657406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dam metabolic profile and seasonality (Spring vs. Winter) on their offspring’ metabolism, health, and immunity: maternal factors in dairy calves’ analytes","authors":"Fernanda Carolina Ramos dos Santos, Bianca Paola Santarosa, F.E. Dal Más, Karen Nascimento da Silva, E. C. B. P. Guirro, Viviani Gomes","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1424960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1424960","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal status during the transition period can significantly impact the health and performance of Holstein dairy calves, with lasting effects on various variables. However, the relationship between maternal late gestation metabolic status, seasonality, and their impact on offspring remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the influence of maternal variables at calving on the performance, metabolism, and immunity of 28 dairy calves during their first month of life. Blood samples were collected from 28 Holstein cows at calving. Median results for maternal variables including non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), glucose, total protein (TP), albumin, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), haptoglobin (Hp), body weight (BW), and body condition score (BCS) were determined. These median values served as a basis for categorizing the offspring into two groups based on their dams’ high or low degree of each maternal variable. Additionally, calves were categorized by the season of birth (Spring vs. Winter), with 14 in each. Blood samples were collected from the calves at birth and on days 1, 7, 14, and 28 to assess IgG, biochemical parameters, and haptoglobin concentration. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by polymorphonuclear cells stimulated by various agents was also evaluated. Clinical assessments were conducted for diarrhea and bovine respiratory disease frequencies. Despite the overall health of the cows, differences were observed in the calves between maternal groups. Heavier cows with high maternal BCS tended to have larger offspring, while high maternal BCS was associated with increased diarrhea prevalence. Low maternal BCS resulted in a stronger innate immune response, indicated by higher ROS production. Calves from cows experiencing metabolic changes during calving displayed elevated Hp concentrations. Spring-born calves were larger but had lower serum IgG concentration and reduced innate immune response compared to winter-born calves. Additionally, spring-born calves exhibited higher Hp and increased diarrhea prevalence on day 28. These findings underscore the importance of the prenatal period in determining neonatal health and suggest further research to elucidate the long-term clinical implications of maternal effects on offspring health and growth. Investigating offspring constituents later in life can provide insight into the persistence of maternal effects over time.","PeriodicalId":510340,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"105 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141657498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomics analysis of the effect of GnRH on the pregnancy rate of ewes with estrus synchronization scheme based on progesterone","authors":"Jing Zhang, Shuyuan Sun, Xinyu Bai, Nana Yang, Yiyong Liu, Xinglong Wu, Xiangyun Li","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1442931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1442931","url":null,"abstract":"Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is widely used in the timed artificial insemination protocol for sheep. However, there remains a debate regarding its impact on pregnancy rates during artificial insemination. This study aims to evaluate the effect of GnRH on the pregnancy rates in Huyang ewes, analyze the pre-implantation metabolite changes caused by GnRH using metabolomics, and elucidate the mechanism effect on pregnancy rates.All ewes were administered a vaginal progesterone sponge containing 45 mg of flurogestone acetate for 12 days and received 330 units of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) intramuscularly after sponge removal. The experimental group (n = 69) received an intramuscular treatment of 17 μg GnRH agonist triptorelin 48 h after sponge removal on Day 0, while the control group (n = 41) received 1 mL of sterile saline solution. All ewes underwent a single vaginal insemination 58 h after the withdrawal of the progesterone sponge. The difference in pregnancy rates between the two groups was calculated. Metabolomic analysis was performed on plasma samples collected on Day 7 after the treatment of GnRH agonist.Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) treatment significantly reduced the pregnancy rate in the experimental group compared with the control group (72.2 vs. 82.9%, p < 0.05). Metabolomic analysis indicated that GnRH treatment affected metabolites involved in collagen synthesis and prostaglandin synthesis in the endometrial tissue, which includes a marked decrease in hydroxyproline amino acid content and a significant increase in corticosterone and prostaglandin D2 lipids and unsaturated fatty acids.In summary, the injection of GnRH agonist Triptorelin 48 h after progesterone sponges removal reduces the pregnancy rate of Huyang ewe following artificial insemination. It also affects the metabolite levels related to endometrial collagen and prostaglandin synthesis, harming embryo implantation.","PeriodicalId":510340,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"102 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141657377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voluntary optimisation of antimicrobial consumption in swine and poultry production in Thailand: a policy analysis","authors":"A. Lekagul, Supapat Kirivan, Wanwisa Kaewkhankhaeng, Saowapa Khotchalai, Rodolphe Mader, V. Tangcharoensathien","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1375127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1375127","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health concern with significant implications on economies and health security, affecting humans, animals, food, and the environment. To tackle this issue, promoting responsible antimicrobial use in livestock production has emerged as a crucial intervention. In 2018, Thailand introduced the Voluntary Optimization of Antimicrobial Consumption (VOAC) programme, with the objective to encourage responsible antimicrobial use practises. This study aimed to analyse the context, content, process and actors of the VOAC programme. A qualitative method including document reviews and key informant interviews were applied. In-depth interviews were conducted with 18 key informants who are key stakeholders from public and private sectors involved in the policy formulation, design of policy contents and implementation of VOAC: policy makers or officers responsible for animal health (n = 12), animal producers (n = 2), animal product traders or retailers (n = 2), and farm veterinarians (n = 2). Interview transcripts were validated by informants for accuracy, and triangulated with document review findings. Deductive approach was applied for data analysis and interpretation based on Walt and Gilson’s policy analysis framework. The VOAC farm certification comprises of Raised Without Antibiotics (RWA) and Reducing Antibiotic Use (RAU), both aiming to combat AMR in food animals. Global and national factors, including increased public awareness, policy commitments, export requirements from the European Union, and international organisation advocacies, influenced the development of the programme led by the Department of Livestock Development (DLD), under the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. Collaboration with the private sector facilitated policy clarity, with implementation primarily executed through regional, provincial, and district livestock officers. Integration of the programme with the pre-existing Good Agriculture Practise certification system enabled cost-effective implementation without additional resources. In 2022, DLD official data reported 214 RWA farms (112 pig and 102 broiler), and 230 RAU farms (83 pig and 147 broiler). Incentives for farms to participate in the programme include improving corporate image and demonstrating corporate responsibility addressing AMR in food products. Recommendations include optimising certification strategies, increasing consumer awareness of RWA and RAU products and strengthening monitoring and evaluation systems.","PeriodicalId":510340,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"52 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141660064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary supplementation of Enterococcus faecium postbiotics on growth performance and intestinal health of growing male mink","authors":"Lin Cao, Fengxue Sun, Qifeng Ren, Ziyi Jiang, Jian Chen, Yalin Li, Lihua Wang","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1409127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1409127","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies have demonstrated that postbiotics possess bioactivities comparable to those of probiotics. Therefore, our experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of postbiotics derived from Enterococcus faecium on the growth performance and intestinal health of growing male minks. A total of 120 growing male minks were randomly assigned to 4 groups, each with 15 replicates of 2 minks. The minks in the 4 groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0 (control), 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15% postbiotics derived from E. faecium (PEF), respectively. Compared to the control, PEF improved feed/gain (F/G) during the first 4 weeks and the entire 8 weeks of the study (p < 0.05); in addition, 0.1% PEF improved average daily gain (ADG) during the first 4 weeks and the entire 8 weeks of the study (p < 0.05), while 0.15% PEF improved ADG during the first 4 weeks of the study (p < 0.05). Consequently, 0.1% PEF minks displayed greater body weight (BW) at weeks 4 and 8 (p < 0.05), and 0.15% PEF minks had greater BW at week 4 (p < 0.05) than minks in the control. Furthermore, compared to the control, both 0.05 and 0.1% PEF enhanced the apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE) (p < 0.05) in the initial 4 weeks, while both 0.1 and 0.15% PEF enhanced the apparent digestibility of CP and DM in the final 4 weeks (p < 0.05). Additionally, trypsin activity was elevated in the 0.1 and 0.15% PEF groups compared to the control (p < 0.05). In terms of intestinal morphology, PEF increased the villus height and villus/crypt (V/C) in the jejunum (p < 0.05), and both 0.1 and 0.15% PEF decreased the crypt depth and increased the villus height and V/C in the duodenum (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. Supplementation with 0.1% PEF increased the SIgA levels but decreased the IL-2, IL-8, and TNF-α levels in the jejunum (p < 0.05). Compared to the control, E. faecium postbiotics decreased the relative abundances of Serratia and Fusobacterium (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the results indicate that the growth performance, digestibility, immunity, and intestine development of minks are considerably affected by E. faecium postbiotics. In particular, dietary supplementation with 0.1% E. faecium postbiotics provides greater benefits than supplementation with 0.05 and 0.15%.","PeriodicalId":510340,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141659466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical shape modeling of the geometric morphology of the canine femur, tibia, and patella","authors":"Jeremy Huart, Antonio Pozzi, Jason Bleedorn, Tung-Wu Lu, S. Knell, Brian Park","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1366827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1366827","url":null,"abstract":"Bone morphometry varies among dogs of different sizes and breeds. Studying these differences may help understand the predisposition of certain breeds for specific orthopedic pathologies. This study aimed to develop a statistical shape model (SSM) of the femur, patella, and tibia of dogs without any clinical orthopeadic abnormalities to analyze and compare morphological variations based on body weight and breed. A total of 97 CT scans were collected from different facilities and divided based on breed and body weight. The 3D models of the bones were obtained and aligned to a coordinate system. The SSM was created using principal component analysis (PCA) to analyze shape variations. The study found that the first few modes of variation accounted for a significant percentage of the total variation, with size/scale being the most prominent factor. The results provide valuable insights into normal anatomical variations and can be used for future research in understanding pathological bone morphologies and developing 3D imaging algorithms in veterinary medicine.","PeriodicalId":510340,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"76 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141663010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: A review of canine soft tissue sarcomas: new insights in diagnostic and treatment measures","authors":"G. Moretti, A. Bufalari","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1454513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1454513","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":510340,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"40 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141660579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breath-by-breath assessment of acute pulmonary edema using electrical impedance tomography, spirometry and volumetric capnography in a sheep (Ovis Aries) model","authors":"A. Raisis, Martina Mosing, M. Sacks, G. Hosgood, Johannes Schramel, Sarah Blumer, Stephan H. Böhm","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1402748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1402748","url":null,"abstract":"The bedside diagnosis of acute pulmonary edema is challenging. This study evaluated the breath-by-breath information from electrical impedance tomography (EIT), respiratory mechanics and volumetric capnography (VCap) to assess acute pulmonary edema induced by xylazine administration in anesthetized sheep.To determine the ability and efficiency of each monitoring modality in detecting changes in lung function associated with onset of pulmonary edema.Twenty healthy ewes were anesthetized, positioned in sternal (prone) recumbency and instrumented. Synchronized recordings of EIT, spirometry and VCap were performed for 60 s prior to start of injection, during xylazine injection over 60 s (0–60 s) and continuously for 1 min (60–120 s) after the end of injection. After visual assessment of the recorded mean variables, statistical analysis was performed using a mixed effect model for repeated measures with Bonferroni’s correction for multiple comparisons, to determine at which breath after start of injection the variable was significantly different from baseline. A significant change over time was defined as an adjusted p < 0.05. All statistics were performed using GraphPad Prism 0.1.0.Electrical impedance tomography showed significant changes from baseline in all but two variables. These changes were observed simultaneously during xylazine injection at 48 s and were consistent with development of edema in dependent lung (decreased end-expiratory lung impedance, ventilation in centro-ventral and ventral lung region) and shift of ventilation into non-dependent lung (decreased non-dependent silent spaces and increased center of ventilation ventral to dorsal and increased ventilation in centro-dorsal and dorsal lung region). All changes in lung mechanics also occurred during injection, including decreased dynamic respiratory system compliance and increased peak expiratory flow, peak inspiratory pressure and airway resistance at 48, 54 and 60 s, respectively. Changes in VCap variables were delayed with all occurring after completion of the injection.In this model of pulmonary edema, EIT detected significant and rapid change in all assessed variables of lung function with changes in regional ventilation indicative of pulmonary edema. Volumetric capnography complemented the EIT findings, while respiratory mechanics were not specific to lung edema. Thus, EIT offers the most comprehensive method for pulmonary edema evaluation, including the assessment of ventilation distribution, thereby enhancing diagnostic capabilities.","PeriodicalId":510340,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141660328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication by rifampicin in vitro","authors":"Ruiping Wei, Lu Li, Haifan Chen, Xiaoying Wang, Yaosheng Chen, Xiaohong Liu","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1439015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1439015","url":null,"abstract":"Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) continues to cause significant economic losses to the global swine industry, yet effective prevention and control measures remain elusive. The development of novel antivirals is thus urgently needed. Rifampicin (RFP), a semisynthetic derivative of rifamycin, has been previously reported to inhibit the replication of certain mammalian DNA viruses as well as RNA viruses. In this study, we unveil RFP as a potent inhibitor of PRRSV both in Marc-145 cells (half-maximal inhibitory concentration 61.26 μM) and porcine alveolar macrophages (half-maximal inhibitory concentration 53.09 μM). The inhibitory effect of RFP occurred during viral replication rather than binding, internalization and release. We also demonstrated that RFP inhibits PRRSV proteins production in the early stage of infection, without inhibiting host protein synthesis. Moreover, RFP effectively restricted porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine enteric alphacoronavirus (PEAV) infection in Vero cells. In summary, these findings indicate the promising potential of RFP as a therapeutic agent for PRRSV, PEDV and PEAV infection in pig farms.","PeriodicalId":510340,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141660818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of multiplex real-time PCR for simultaneous detection of SARS-CoV-2, CCoV, and FIPV","authors":"Yan Liu, Zhen Zhu, Jige Du, Xiaojie Zhu, Chenfan Pan, Chunsheng Yin, Weidong Sun","doi":"10.3389/fvets.2024.1337690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1337690","url":null,"abstract":"Coronaviruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), canine coronavirus (CCoV), and feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV), have the potential for interspecies transmission. These viruses can be present in complex environments where humans, dogs, and cats coexist, posing a significant threat to both human and animal safety.In this study, we developed a novel multiplex TaqMan-probe-based real-time PCR assay for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of SARS-CoV-2, CCoV, and FIPV. Specific primers and TaqMan fluorescent probes were designed based on the N region of SARS-CoV-2 and FIPV, as well as the S region of CCoV, which demonstrated a remarkable sensitivity and specificity toward the targeted viruses, as few as 21.83, 17.25 and 9.25 copies/μL for SARS-CoV-2, CCoV and FIPV, respectively. The standard curve constructed by the optimized method in our present study showed a high amplification efficiency within or near the optimal range of 91% to 116% and R(2) values were at least 0.95 for the abovementioned coronaviruses. A total of 91 samples, including six plasmid mixed mock samples, four virus fluid mixing simulated samples, and 81 clinical samples, were analyzed using this method. Results demonstrated strong agreement with conventional approaches.By enabling the simultaneous detection of three viruses, this method enhances testing efficiency while decreasing costs. Importantly, it provides a valuable tool for the prevalence and geographical distribution of suspected and co-infected animals, ultimately contributing to the advancement of both animal and public health.","PeriodicalId":510340,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Veterinary Science","volume":"31 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141660517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}