Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers最新文献

{"title":"Trophic relationship between mussels and scale worms under various seepage intensities in the haima cold seep: Insights from stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) and C:N:P stoichiometry","authors":"Zhixin Ke ,&nbsp;Haochen Huang ,&nbsp;Danting Chen ,&nbsp;Yehui Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The deep-sea mussels <em>Gigantidas haimaensis</em> (Mytilidae: Bathymodiolinae) usually contain one scale worm <em>Branchipolynoe pettiboneae</em> in their mantle cavity in the Haima cold seep, South China Sea. To explore their environmental adaptation and coexistence mechanisms, the stable isotopes (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) and C:N:P ecological stoichiometry of <em>G. haimaensis</em> and the associated <em>B. pettiboneae</em> were investigated under different methane seepage intensities. In the presence of seepage, most mussels harbored one scale worm in their mantle cavity. However, under seepage cease, the physiological status of mussels looked unhealthy, and no scale worm appeared in their bodies. The variation in δ¹³C values was great among different mussel tissues, ranging from −49.7‰ to −57.8‰. The δ¹³C values of mussel tissues followed the order of foot &gt; gill &gt; mantle under active seepage, while no regular trend was found under seepage cease. The δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N of scale worms were averagely enriched by 2.9 ‰ and 3.2 ‰ relative to their mussel hosts, and the trophic niche separation between scale worms and mussels was more significant under active seepage. The δ¹³C value of mussel foot was significantly higher under active seepage (average −50.8‰) than under seepage cease (average −55.1‰), indicating that mussels might ingest and assimilate more ¹³C-rich suspended particulate organic matter (POM) under active seepage. In mantle tissues, the high C:N ratio and low δ¹³C value should be attributed to the high content of energy storage substances. The C:N ratio of mantle dramatically declined with the exhaustion of energy storage materials under seepage cease. The variation of P content was most significant in the gill, which might be regulated by the abundance of symbiotic bacteria. It can be speculated that the dramatic decline of P content in the gill was attributed to the loss of high-P bacterial symbionts under seepage cease. Both the C:P and N:P ratios of gill tissues significantly increased under seepage cease, which suggested the decline of food quality for scale worms. Mussel-dwelling scale worms might detect the change of food quality and abandon their starving mussel host. Our results help to better understand the environmental adaptation of chemoautotrophic mussels and scale worms under unstable seepage intensity in cold seep ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51009,"journal":{"name":"Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 104264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139941951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-terms variability of water properties and phytoplankton blooms along the central eastern Florida shelf edge","authors":"Mingshun Jiang ,&nbsp;Gabriel Alsenas ,&nbsp;Erick Busold ,&nbsp;Stephanie Farrington ,&nbsp;John Reed","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The central eastern Florida shelf edge is a highly dynamic area that supports an important yet vulnerable deep-sea coral reefs ecosystem, the Oculina Coral Habitat Area of Particular Concern. Rapid and large short-terms (days to weeks) changes of bottom temperature (up to 9 °C) and <em>p</em>CO₂ (up to 180 μatm) were observed at the shelfbreak during a two-month (May 13-July 10, 2017) deployment of a lander package. An analysis suggests that these changes are the combined results of tides, the Gulf Stream meandering, and submesoscale eddies and filaments. The processes responsible for sub-tidal variability may include 1) the Gulf Stream frontal movements, 2) upwelling/downwelling of slope waters in association with the Gulf Stream variability, and 3) submesoscale processes and associated vertical movements. Satellite images also frequently show a narrow plume of elevated chlorophyll concentration that stretches from the coast northward up to &gt;200 km along the Gulf Stream front during late spring and early summer. Our analysis indicates that these phytoplankton blooms in the plume are likely supported by the nutrient supply from the nutrients-rich slope waters to the shelf edge and subsequent local vertical mixing. Carbon export associated with these blooms can be an important food source to the <em>Oculina</em> corals. Upwelling of slope waters, on the other hand, will lead to increased CO₂ and reduced pH and aragonite saturation state along the shelf edge. Therefore, these dynamic processes may have strong impacts on the health and sustainability of the <em>Oculina</em> coral ecosystem.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51009,"journal":{"name":"Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 104259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139926702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PresTo: A liquid-filled camera for low-cost imaging in the deep sea","authors":"Breanna E. Motsenbocker ,&nbsp;Timothy J. Noyes ,&nbsp;Alexandra T. Runyan ,&nbsp;Russell Shomberg ,&nbsp;Brennan T. Phillips","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Deep-sea imaging systems are traditionally expensive to manufacture and are physically scaled depending on the operating depth of their housing and the internal camera/lens components. Liquid and epoxy filled instrument designs are increasing in popularity as a way to reduce the cost and size of deep-sea housings. Recent advances in 3D printing have facilitated rapid prototyping of these pressure tolerant deep-sea designs. This study presents the design of PresTo, a liquid-filled pressure tolerant camera manufactured using SLA 3D printing methods. This is a compact and low-cost imaging system filled with deionized water and coated in epoxy to remove all implodable air volumes in the camera. The lens design for PresTo can be easily customized to any focal length and with zoom capabilities using a magnetically driven focus mechanism. Images taken with PresTo likely have minimal image distortions compared to other underwater cameras with flat viewports because, due to the elimination of a flat viewport solely for the reason of pressure isolation, there is an inherent reduction in the refractive indices of the surrounding environment and internal medium. The presented system has been field-tested to depths exceeding 1700 m and has been hydrostatically tested to function beyond 2600 m.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51009,"journal":{"name":"Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 104263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139907770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of cephalopods eaten by sooty albatross Phoebetria fusca breeding in subtropical and subantarctic waters, and teuthofauna of the southern Indian Ocean","authors":"Yves Cherel,&nbsp;Colette Trouvé","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using a total of ∼7000 accumulated beaks sorted from 92 food samples, the cephalopod diet of sooty albatross <em>Phoebetria fusca</em> was determined for the first time at the subtropical Amsterdam Island (3898 beaks from 53 food samples), and it was compared with prey eaten at the subantarctic Crozet Islands (3085 beaks from 39 samples). At Amsterdam Island, sooty albatross fed on 42 cephalopod taxa that included the dominant <em>Histioteuthis atlantica</em> (34.7% by number of beaks) and juvenile <em>Ommastrephes cylindraceus/Todarodes filippovae</em> (10.1%). They preyed primarily upon cephalopods that have a wide latitudinal distribution (55.1%), with subtropical species ranking second (25.8%), and Southern Ocean endemics third (19.1%). By contrast, birds from Crozet Islands fed primarily on Southern Ocean endemics (80.7%), followed by subtropical species (14.8%), and taxa with a wide distribution (4.5%). There, the main prey were adult <em>Histioteuthis eltaninae</em> (24.6%), <em>Batoteuthis skolops</em> (27.2%) and <em>Galiteuthis glacialis</em> (16.2%). Sympatric sooty and light-mantled sooty <em>P. palpebrata</em> albatrosses from Crozet Islands segregated by feeding on different prey indicating different foraging grounds north and south of the archipelago, respectively. Light-mantled sooty albatross fed almost exclusively on Southern Ocean endemics (98.2%), such as <em>G. glacialis</em> (44.4%), <em>Psychroteuthis glacialis</em> (21.4%), <em>H. eltaninae</em> (13.4%) and <em>Moroteuthopsis longimana</em> (10.2%). Including cephalopod prey of sooty albatross to the previous investigations on teuthofauna from the southern Indian Ocean added southern subtropical species to Southern Ocean taxa. Overall, teuthofauna of this vast oceanic zone hosts at least 71 cephalopod species, including two bathyteuthids, 56 oegopsids, two sepiolids, three cirrate and seven incirrate octopods, and the vampyroteuthid <em>Vampyroteuthis infernalis</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51009,"journal":{"name":"Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 104262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139825439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What inhabits the South Sandwich Islands deep-sea? Biodiversity and biogeography of bathyal communities using predators as biological samplers","authors":"José P. Queirós ,&nbsp;José C. Xavier ,&nbsp;José Abreu ,&nbsp;Martin A. Collins ,&nbsp;Mark Belchier ,&nbsp;Philip R. Hollyman","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the biodiversity of an ecosystem is crucial to determine its structure and resistance to climate change. The South Sandwich Islands (SSI) are located in the Scotia Sea (Southern Ocean), within the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Marine Protected Area. However, the biodiversity of the archipelago remains poorly studied, whilst climate change has the potential for wide-ranging impacts in the Antarctic and Subantarctic regions. Here we used predators as biological samplers to study the bathyal communities of SSI. A total of 61 species including fish, cephalopods and crustaceans, were identified from the diet of 13 predatory taxa (11 fish and two cephalopod). Common Subantarctic and Antarctic species were found, with <em>Moroteuthopsis longimana</em> being the species with the highest density (1.74 individuals per stomach at Montagu Island). Eleven fish and one cephalopod species were recorded for the first time at the archipelago. Furthermore, 16 fish species had their bathymetric range increased. Fifteen fish and one crustacean appear to have SSI as the northern or southern limit of their distribution. Community analysis found two major groups at SSI, one in the north and one in the south, with the southern group subdivided into two groups. This separation is related to the environmental conditions at the archipelago that abruptly change at Saunders Islands. Latitude (correlated with sea surface temperature) and sea surface height (proxy for upwelling) both correlated with the dissimilarity between communities. These results suggest that climate change may affect the biodiversity at SSI in the future as warming waters of the Scotia Sea and changes in the upwelling system may favour range extensions of more northerly species into the archipelago. Furthermore, it could lead to local extinctions of some species exclusively found in the southernmost areas of the archipelago.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51009,"journal":{"name":"Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096706372400030X/pdfft?md5=5255b27a1a53dd166a81345fb4cfa63d&pid=1-s2.0-S096706372400030X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139748209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of vanadium redox species V(IV) and V(V) in seawater using chelating resin and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry","authors":"Erika Kurahashi,&nbsp;Sandra Poehle,&nbsp;Andrea Koschinsky","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An improved off-line separation method of vanadium redox species V(V) and V(IV) in seawater using a solid phase extraction with chelating resin Chelex-100 was developed. Column shape, eluting solution, elution volume, pH of sample, and flow rate were tested and optimized to establish a simple offline separation method. Analyses with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) combining with a Kinetic Energy Discrimination mode (KED) using helium gas achieved precise determination of vanadium redox species in saline matrix solutions. Average recovery of solutions doped with both V(V) and V(IV) was 92% for V(V) and 96% for V(IV). The method detection limit was 0.87 nmol/kg for V(V) and 0.47 nmol/kg for V(IV) obtained from 0.6 mol/kg NaCl solution. Stability tests of redox species V(IV) in seawater with/without an aerobic chamber revealed that V(IV) species were preserved in seawater for over 24 h and possibly further 14 days in normal oxidizing atmosphere. We developed a method that does not require pH adjustment of sample solution, which reduces the risk of changing the natural fractions of both redox species. The proposed method was applied to selected samples from open ocean and coastal seawater collected in the South-East Atlantic Ocean during GEOTRACES research cruise GA08. Concentrations of 29–37 nmol/kg of V(V) and 1.5–2.2 nmol/kg of V(IV) in samples off-shore the Namibian coast (43–2997 m water depth) were found. Higher concentrations of V(IV) were detected in near-shore coastal seawater characterized by very low oxygen content (2.4 nmol/kg at 200 m water depth) relative to those from off-shore seawater. The newly obtained results suggest that not only dissolved oxygen concentration but also biogeochemical parameters (e.g. biological activity) may play an important role to explain the distribution of redox species of V in seawater.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51009,"journal":{"name":"Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 104261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139889146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Another piece of the living fossil puzzle: A new species of Polymixia Lowe, 1836 (Polymixiiformes: Polymixiidae) from the western South Atlantic","authors":"Heloísa De Cia Caixeta ,&nbsp;Claudio Oliveira ,&nbsp;Marcelo Roberto Souto de Melo","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The family Polymixiidae is an ancient group of acanthomorph fish, often regarded as living fossils. Currently, there are 11 valid species allocated in the genus <em>Polymixia</em>, and commonly known as beardfish. All species are benthopelagic and can be found at depths between 80 and 800 meters, in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans. Traditionally, only two species had been assigned to the Atlantic Ocean, <em>P. lowei</em>, in the western Atlantic, and <em>P. nobilis</em>, in the North Atlantic, including northern South America and Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago; however, recent studies revealed a cryptic species from the Bermudas, described as <em>P. hollisterae</em>, and a yet undescribed species from the Caribbean Sea. Herein, we describe a new species of <em>Polymixia</em> from the western South Atlantic, which was previously confused with <em>P. lowei</em>. The new species is supported by both morphological and molecular evidence and can be distinguished among its congeners by a combination of characters, including counts of gill rakers, pyloric caeca, and dorsal-fin rays, arrangement of scales spines, and the shape of preopercle. The new species is distributed on the upper continental slope in Brazil, from Bahia to Rio Grande do Sul, and Uruguay, between 160 and 600 meters deep.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51009,"journal":{"name":"Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139732458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The microbial lipid signature in sediments and chimneys within a back-arc basin hydrothermal system south of the Antarctic Polar Front","authors":"Maria T. Hernández-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Laura Hepburn ,&nbsp;Michael J. Stock ,&nbsp;Douglas P. Connelly ,&nbsp;Richard D. Pancost","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The impact of hydrothermal systems on surrounding sedimentary microbial communities is not well understood and previous work has been limited to high temperature vent sites at slow or ultraslow spreading oceanic centres. To build on the current understanding of hydrothermal systems, we explore for the first time the organic geochemistry of the only known back-arc basin hydrothermal system outside the Pacific Ocean: the East Scotia Ridge (ESR), which belongs to the South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands Marine Protected Area. Lipid biomarkers contained in sediments and hydrothermal sulphides along two hydrothermal vent fields north and south of the ESR, respectively, revealed the impact of hydrothermal activity, including both high temperature and low temperature diffusive venting, on sedimentary microbial communities. In the vent field north of the ESR, elevated ring indices of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) and proportions of monoalkyl glycerol tetraethers (GMGTs), and a high ratio of total fatty acids (FAs; free plus polar lipids) to putative phytoplankton biomarkers in sediments suggest that high-temperature hydrothermalism has a local impact on surrounding sediments through the input of plume dwelling archaea and bacteria. This impact seems to be restricted to the periphery of the vent source, in agreement with the limited dataset available from slow or ultraslow spreading centres. Likewise, elevated FA to phytoplankton biomarker ratios within a diffusive hydrothermal field south of the ESR suggest an additional input of bacterial biomass relative to background sediments. Our results indicate that low temperature diffusive venting might have a higher impact than previously thought, being locally important in supporting the food chain in deep-sea environments. The distribution of tetraether lipids suggests that a higher proportion of thermophilic archaea thrive in the interior of sulphide chimneys, whereas total FA concentrations and distributions suggest that most bacteria inhabit the exterior chimney layers, where temperature is cooler than the innermost layer in contact with the hydrothermal fluid. Furthermore, differences in total FA concentrations suggest that chimney wall thickness is a control on bacterial abundance through the availability of a higher or lower diversity (and volume) of microhabitats. Our results also indicate that bacteria adapt to increasing temperatures by decreasing their degree of unsaturation. By comparison to GDGT data from other settings, it seems that overall ring indices in hydrothermal deposits are governed by growth temperature, although they might also reflect ecological factors. Our results suggest that hydrothermalism shapes microbial communities within chimneys and surrounding sediments following broadly similar patterns regardless of the type of spreading centre they are located at.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51009,"journal":{"name":"Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 104247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967063724000177/pdfft?md5=21a3293a4ca8b87b3a6a3eae9de671e1&pid=1-s2.0-S0967063724000177-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139886288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of ice krill (Euphausia crystallorophias) density to environmental changes in the Amundsen Sea Coastal Polynya, Antarctica","authors":"Jialiang Yang ,&nbsp;Shuai Li ,&nbsp;Lingzhi Li ,&nbsp;Xin Rao ,&nbsp;Shuai Chen ,&nbsp;Hongliang Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The density of ice krill (<em>Euphausia crystallorophias</em>), a species of key ecological value, and related environmental factors were observed along two transects in the Amundsen Sea Coastal Polynya (ASCP) in Antarctica. The distribution of ice krill was processed using two-frequency acoustic backscatter data identification, and the target strength of ice krill was calculated via stochastic distorted-wave born approximation based on the ice krill sample. The ice krill density ranged from 0.96 to 11.01 g m⁻² for each transect (mean value was 5.77 g m⁻² for the entire survey). These results were of a lower order of magnitude than those of a previous study in the same waters, although the ice krill was still the dominant krill specie in this polynya. We contend that the extent of the phytoplankton bloom might be the factor behind this difference, while other hydrographic parameters such as surface temperature and salinity would have some effect on the spatial distribution of ice krill abundance. Meanwhile, the density and height of ice krill abundance suggested that the diurnal effect on the ice krill was almost negligible. According to the fitted results of regression model, the abundance of ice krill in ASCP in 2022 summer was estimated approximately 175,000 tons.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51009,"journal":{"name":"Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139688632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating daily subsurface thermohaline structure from satellite data: A deep network with embedded empirical orthogonal functions","authors":"Hengqian Yan,&nbsp;Ren Zhang,&nbsp;Huizan Wang,&nbsp;Senliang Bao,&nbsp;Yongchui Zhang,&nbsp;Mei Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsr.2024.104257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Estimating subsurface thermohaline structure from concurrent satellite data is a meaningful way to enrich internal oceanic observations. As a powerful tool for data mining, many studies have used machine learning in subsurface reconstruction, but most conventional applications have been purely black-box in nature without further consideration of oceanic characteristics. Instead, proposed here for the first time is a semi-explicit deep network for reconstructing the oceanic interior from surface data. Named EEFFNN, the method embeds empirical orthogonal functions extracted from reanalysis data (the EE part of the name) into the inner framework of a feed-forward neural network (the FFNN part of the name). Comparison with Argo profiles and reanalysis data shows that EEFFNN can significantly outperform conventional machine-learning algorithms in estimating subsurface thermohaline structures and especially subsurface-intensified eddies. Also, EEFFNN can perform thermohaline reconstruction in one pass, making it more lightweight than “shallow” machine-learning algorithms such as random forest. Overall, EEFFNN shows promise for being applied to operational thermohaline reconstruction in the near future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51009,"journal":{"name":"Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 104257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139677944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}