Comptes Rendus Palevol最新文献

{"title":"A comparison of aleurone cells in centenarian African and contemporary barley seeds to identify the geographic origin","authors":"C. Milanesi, R. Vignani, M. Scali, C. Faleri, M. D. Donne, M. Cresti, L. Costantini","doi":"10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a43","url":null,"abstract":"Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the main domesticated cereals. For this reason, barley seeds have been found in numerous archaeological sites, and since the mid-19th century have been available in numerous natural museum collections. About a hundred years ago samples were collected in the African countries of Eritrea and Cyrenaica (now Libya), and have been preserved as ex-situ in the museum collection “L’Orientale” of the University of Naples. The varieties of contemporary barley selected for comparative analysis were grown in Tuscany and are used in the production of craft beer. To ascertain their vitality, the ancient and contemporary seeds were placed in Petri dishes to hydrate under a sterile hood at room temperature after a sterilization procedure. Morphological and ultrastructural observations performed on the aleurone cells of the ancient samples presented vital cells. The extraction and purification of DNA from seeds produced results while the genotype comparison of ancient and contemporary barley varieties enabled the construction of a dendrogram of similarity, useful in describing barley from museum genetic heritage collections and in providing a molecular imprint of extant varieties.","PeriodicalId":51002,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Palevol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85194690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between two worlds: Cova Eirós and the Middle-Upper Palaeolithic transition in NW Iberia","authors":"Arturo de Lombera-Hermida, Xosé Pedro Rodríguez-Álvarez, A. Iglésias, Mikel Díaz Rodríguez, undefined Iván REY-RODRÍGUEZ, Irene Valverde Tejedor, A. Pérez-Alberti, P. P. Cunha, Hugo Bal García, Xes Aldea Moreira, Cristian Lorenzo Salgueiro, Tania Mosquera Castro, R. F. Valcarce","doi":"10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a42","url":null,"abstract":"Iberia, a natural cul-de-sac peninsula, plays a major role in the study of the Neanderthals demise and its eventual relationship with the spread of Anatomically Modern Humans (AMH) in Europe. The site of Cova Eirós (Galicia, Spain), located in NW Iberia, contains Middle and Upper Palaeolithic levels, based on the cultural remains recovered at the site. No human remains directly associated with those levels were discovered yet. The available radiocarbon dates from the levels 2 (c. 35 ka cal BP, Early Upper Paleolithic) and 3 (c. 41 ka cal BP, Late Middle Paleolithic), point to a late survival of Neanderthal groups in North Iberia and to a relative quick arrival of the AMH, c. 35-36 ka cal BP, with respect to other territories of the Iberian Peninsula. The archaeological record shows clear differences between the Middle and the Upper Palaeolithic occupations, regarding raw-material acquisition, lithic technology and subsistence strategies. The location of Cova Eirós in the westernmost margin of the Cantabrian Rim and in the Atlantic Façade, makes this site a key place to understand the spread of the first AMH and the progressive demise of Neanderthal populations.","PeriodicalId":51002,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Palevol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74709366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quand la pétroarchéologie questionne la notion de site : états de surface et taphonomie des objets lithiques de La Belle-Roche (Sprimont, Prov. de Liège, Belgique)","authors":"V. Delvigne, P. Fernandes, P. Noiret","doi":"10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a41","url":null,"abstract":"Petro-archaeological analysis of the lithic industry of the Lower Paleolithic of La Belle-Roche cave (Sprimont, Belgium), according to the grids developed in recent years by various research programs in France, allows a new reading of this industry. Although the anthropic character of certain objects seems well-estabilished, their accumulation in the deposit remains problematic. In this respect, the taphonomic and weathering analysis of the industry raises questions about the origin of the deposit, the age of the industry and the notion of “site”: is the “La Belle-Roche site” as a prehistorian or prehistoric construction?","PeriodicalId":51002,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Palevol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80026742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New sperm whale remains from the late Miocene of the North Sea and a revised family attribution for the small crown physeteroid Thalassocetus Abel, 1905","authors":"Apolline Alfsen, M. Bosselaers, O. Lambert","doi":"10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a39","url":null,"abstract":"In spite of a continuously expanding physeteroid fossil record, our understanding of the origin and early radiation of the two modern sperm whale families Kogiidae Gill, 1871 (including the pygmy and dwarf sperm whales, Kogia spp.) and Physeteridae Gray, 1821 (including the great sperm whale, Physeter Linnaeus, 1758) remains limited, especially due to the poorly resolved phylogenetic relationships of a number of extinct species. Among those, based on fragmentary cranial material from the late early to middle Miocene of Antwerp (Belgium, North Sea basin), the small-sized Thalassocetus antwerpiensis Abel, 1905 has been recognized for some time as the earliest branching kogiid. The discovery of a new diminutive physeteroid cranium from the late Miocene (Tortonian) of Antwerp leads to the description and comparison of a close relative of T. antwerpiensis. Thanks to the relatively young ontogenetic stage of this new specimen, the highly modified plate-like bones making the floor of its supracranial basin could be individually removed, a fact that greatly helped deciphering their identity and geometry. Close morphological similarities with T. antwerpiensis allow for the reassessment of several facial structures in the latter; the most important reinterpretation is the one of a crest-like structure, previously identified as a sagittal facial crest, typical for kogiids, and here revised as the left posterolateral wall of the supracranial basin, comprised of the left nasal (lost in kogiids for which the postnarial region is known) and the left maxilla. Implemented in a phylogenetic analysis, the new anatomical interpretations result in the new Belgian specimen and T. antwerpiensis being recovered as sister-groups in the family Physeteridae. Consequently, the geologically oldest kogiids are now dated from the Tortonian, further extending the ghost lineage separating these early late Miocene kogiid records from the estimated latest Oligocene to earliest Miocene divergence of kogiids and physeterids.","PeriodicalId":51002,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Palevol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79713446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De l’utilisation en percussion lancée d’éclats bruts massifs dans les activités de boucherie et travail du bois : le niveau moustérien de la Doline de Cantalouette 2 (Dordogne, France)","authors":"Laurence. Bourguignon, I. Conte, Millán Mozota Holgueras, Frédéric Blaser","doi":"10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a37","url":null,"abstract":"Le niveau moustérien de la Doline de Cantalouette 2, d’âge moyen de 60 000 ans est remarquable par sa richesse, sa composition et sa structuration récurrente des activités dans l’espace (Bourguignon et al. 2008). Il livre également une gamme d’instruments lithiques utilisés en percussion lancée. Outre une panoplie importante des percuteurs de taille (sur galets de quartz, éclats ou nucléus de silex), des éclats massifs en silex ont également été utilisés selon ce mode d’action pour des opérations de traitement de matériaux périssables tels les carcasses animales ou les végétaux. C’est exclusivement sur ces derniers modes de fonctionnement que nous orientons notre article. Les activités de production de ce Moustérien récent participent essentiellement d’un débitage algorithmique mettant en œuvre des séries unipolaires récurrentes, obtenues selon des plans de fracturation subparallèles aux dépens d’une ou de plusieurs surfaces. Des éclats épais, présentant souvent une asymétrie latérale sont obtenus à partir d’un ou plusieurs plans de frappe circonscrits (opposés ou perpendiculaires) et très rarement aménagés. Plus rarement, un débitage Levallois à éclat préférentiel, orienté vers une exportation des produits est également mis en œuvre. La production principale est quasi exclusivement réalisée pour une utilisation immédiate des éclats, distante du poste de taille, avec ou sans aménagement des parties actives et préhensives par la retouche (Bourguignon et al. 2008). C’est parmi cette production qu’une sélection d’éclats massifs aisément préhensibles à mains nues, souvent issus des premières étapes de la chaîne opératoire (corticaux), s’opère pour leur utilisation en percussion lancée. Sur la base d’une sélection macroscopique de tranchants (souvent bruts) présentant des stigmates d’écrasement, d’arrachement ou d’esquillement, une lecture fonctionnelle a été réalisée selon la méthodologie analytique développée par Semenov (1964). S’agissant d’objets de grandes dimensions, des répliques sur papier acétate ont été réalisées afin de permettre un examen au microscope. Deux registres d’activité en percussion lancée ont été déterminés, l’un orienté vers des travaux de boucherie, l’autre vers le travail du bois. Pour ce qui est des activités de boucherie, ces gros éclats massifs ont été utilisés comme des fendoirs, couperets ou feuilles de boucher. Sur les bords de ces instruments sont documentés de grands enlèvements résultant du choc sur les ossements durant la désarticulation ou le dépeçage des animaux. Les matières végétales dures, semi-dures et ligneuses ont quant à elles également été travaillées en percussion lancée, essentiellement dans l’objectif de les dégrossir. Certaines pièces de très grandes dimensions suggèrent une prise à deux mains et, dans ce cas, un seul fil de tranchant est utilisé. Sur les autres pièces, de moins grandes dimensions, pouvant être tenues avec une seule main, le nombre de parties actives est plus important (au moins deux).","PeriodicalId":51002,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Palevol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87685553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Poor” archeological levels not to be forgotten: units of Middle and early Upper Magdalenian age in El Mirón Cave (Ramales de la Victoria, Cantabria, Spain)","authors":"undefined Lawrence Guy Straus, undefined Manuel R. González Morales","doi":"10.5852/CR-PALEVOL2021V20A36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5852/CR-PALEVOL2021V20A36","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51002,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Palevol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77972507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ordovician conodont biofacies of the upper La Silla and San Juan formations (middle Tremadocian-lower Dapingian) at Cerro La Silla, Argentine Precordillera","authors":"M. Mango, undefined Guillermo L. Albanesi","doi":"10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a35","url":null,"abstract":"Conodonts from the upper La Silla (9.6 m thick) and San Juan formations (264.7 m thick) at the Cerro La Silla section are analyzed for the identification of faunal dynamics, biofacies and sea-level changes. The conodont collection of 11 388 specimens was recovered after digestion of 41 samples of carbonate rocks, totalizing 88.155 kg. Conodont total abundance and generic diversity graphs, as well as cluster analysis, reveal seven biofacies. The Colaptoconus, Tropodus-Reutterodus, Oepikodus-Prioniodus, Juanognathus-Bergstroemognathus, Juanognathus-Oepikodus-Protopanderodus, Juanognathus-Protopanderodus, Juanognathus-Semiacontiodus biofacies are determined. These biofacies represent middle to outer carbonate ramp environments for the San Juan Formation. The associated analysis of biofacies and lithology allow for the recognition of two transgressive events in the San Juan Formation at the Cerro La Silla section, which could be related to transgressive systems tracts (TST) that occurred during the Early and Middle Ordovician (middle Tremadocian-early Dapingian).","PeriodicalId":51002,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Palevol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91202365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrofloral and microfloral changes in the Middle Jurassic plant assemblages of the Cianowice 2 borehole (southern Poland)","authors":"undefined Maria Barbacka, undefined Artur Górecki, undefined Jadwiga Ziaja, undefined Agata Jarzynka, Grzegorz Pacyna","doi":"10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a34","url":null,"abstract":"The flora of the Cianowice 2 borehole (c. 20 km NW of Cracow, Poland), dominated by cycadophytes (mainly bennettitaleans) and conifers, shows high taxonomic diversity relative to the low number of specimens. Twenty species were identified in the 96 determinable plant fragments found in 27 core samples: Cladophlebis sp. (ferns), Pachypteris rhomboidalis (Ettingshausen) Nathorst and Ptilozamites cycadea (Berger) Möller (seed ferns), Anomozamites nilssonii (Phillips) Seward, Nilssoniopteris solitaria (Phillips) Cleal & Rees, Otozamites mimetes Harris, Otozamites parallelus Phillips, Pterophyllum thomasii Harris, Pterophyllum cf. aequale (Brongniart) Nathorst, Ptilophyllum cf. okribense forma ratchiana Doludenko & Svanidze, Ptilophyllum pecten Phillips, Ptilophyllum sirkennethii Watson & Sincock, Cycadolepis sp. (bennettitaleans), Pseudotorellia grojecensis Reymanówna, Pseudotorellia samylinae Nosova & Kiritchkova, Pseudotorellia sp. (Gymnospermae incertae sedis), Bilsdalea dura Harris, Mirovia szaferi Reymanówna, and Brachyphyllum stemonium Kendall (conifers). The floristic composition is supplemented by palynological data. The taxa were connected to five depositional successions distinguished along the core: one, alluvial fans; two, four and five, meandering/anastomosing river depositional systems with fluvial plain deposits; and three, lacustrine/backswamp environment developed on fluvial plain. The composition of the fossil plant assemblage changes with the depositional setting within the same range of taxa, seen mainly in changed combinations of taxa, which are most diverse in the fluvial plain deposits. Some taxa occur in a single depositional succession; some are present in two or three. The sporomorph assemblages of particular depositional environments differ significantly from the composition of the co-occurring macroflora: ferns occur sporadically in the macroflora of each depositional environment but they strongly dominate the sporomorph assemblage. Our proposed reconstruction of the palaeoenvironment is a slight rise descending into a valley with a depositionary basin, with gymnosperms on the slope and ferns at the base. Some species are shared between Cianowice and nearby Middle Jurassic localities in Grojec and Zabierzów, and the majority of taxa are known from the Middle Jurassic, suggesting that the Cianowice deposits are of that age.","PeriodicalId":51002,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Palevol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79891895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new Late Triassic palynological assemblage from western Gondwana (Carrizal Formation, Marayes Basin, Argentina)","authors":"S. N. Césari, J. Drovandi, C. Colombi, Gustavo A. Correa, L. Spalletti","doi":"10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a33","url":null,"abstract":"The Carrizal Formation, exposed in the Marayes-El Carrizal Basin (western Argentina), has been the focus of palaeobotanical studies since the late 1800s. The recent finding of well-preserved palyno­logical assemblages provides the first detailed studies about its palynofloras. In this paper, the 63 taxa identified in the unit are illustrated and discussed, as well as their stratigraphic distribution in equivalent palynological assemblages of Argentina. Some spore species are revised: Uvaesporites hammenii (Herbst) Césari, comb. nov., Retusotriletes wielandii (Jain) Césari, comb. nov. and Lundbladispora stellae (Herbst) Césari, comb. nov. The recognition of Cadargasporites baculatus de Jersey & Paten emend. Reiser & Williams, Craterisporites rotundus de Jersey, Enzonalasporites vigens Leschik, ­Leptolepidites argenteaeformis (Bolkhovitina) Morbey, Protodiploxypinus americus Dunay & Fisher and Rugulatisporites permixtus Playford, among others, appears to be useful for local and intercontinental correlations. A Carnian age is proposed for the palynofloras.","PeriodicalId":51002,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Palevol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86186018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iberoccitanemys atlanticum (Lapparent de Broin & Murelaga, 1996) n. comb.: new data on the diversity and paleobiogeographic distributions of the Campanian-Maastrichtian bothremydid turtles of Europe","authors":"A. Pérez‐García, F. Ortega, X. Murelaga","doi":"10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a32","url":null,"abstract":"Bothremydidae is the most abundant clade of turtles in the Campanian and Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) fossil record of southwestern Europe. Several members of Foxemydina Gaffney, Tong & Meylan, 2006 are known in an area that includes Southern France and the North-Eastern half of Spain. The problematic ‘Polysternon’ atlanticum is the worst characterized, lacking a diagnosis that allows its specific validity to be confirmed, and whose generic attribution has been recognized as doubtful. Its presence was exclusively proposed in its type locality, the upper Campanian quarry of Laño, in Treviño County (Burgos Province, North of Spain). Despite the fact that knowledge about Bothremydidae has markedly increased after the description of ‘Polysternon’ atlanticum Lapparent de Broin & Murelaga, 1996, no new information about this species has been published since the 1990s. The analysis of abundant unpublished material of the bothremydid from Laño allows us to confirm the validity of this species. As a consequence of this study, it is not only identified in its type locality, but also in other Spanish regions and in the south of France. The diversity of Bothremydidae Baur, 1891 in the Upper Cretaceous of Europe is lower than previously considered. Thus, the species ‘Iberoccitanemys convenarum’ (Laurent, Tong & Claude, 2002), originally defined for the French record, and subsequently also identified in Spain, is identified here as a synonym of the species described in Laño. An emended diagnosis for the upper Campanian to upper Maastrichtian, Iberoccitanemys atlanticum (Lapparent de Broin & Murelaga, 1996) n. comb., is proposed.","PeriodicalId":51002,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Palevol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85379094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}