{"title":"Interactions of Cubosomes with Cell Membrane Lipids: Revealed through Cubic Membrane Property Analysis","authors":"Ward Wakileh, Nozomi Morishita Watanabe*, Zachary Nicolella, Yuki Amatsu, Naoko Kajimura and Hiroshi Umakoshi*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c0488410.1021/acs.langmuir.4c04884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c04884https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c04884","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Leveraged for their large drug payloads and fusogenic properties, cubosomes are promising platforms for therapeutic applications. However, research regarding the properties of the cubic membranes and their interactions with cell membranes is still lacking. The study of these properties is an important factor to consider in the design process of cubosomes due to their influence on the cubosome structure and capability for drug release. To address this research gap, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the utilization of membrane-bound fluorescence probes to examine the properties of cubosomes and their interaction behavior. First, we demonstrated the cubosomal membrane changes with increasing concentration of DOPC using steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence of Laurdan and DPH probes. The steady-state generalized polarization of Laurdan (GP<sub>340</sub>) and anisotropy of DPH (<i>r</i>) showed that the well-hydrated and fluidic membranes transitioned into less hydrated and fluidic states, due to the transition to the lamellar phase. Finally, we verified the results in the first part by examining the interactions of MO cubosomes and DOPC liposomes using time-resolved small-angle X-ray scattering (TR-SAXS) and the changes to the GP<sub>340</sub> values of Laurdan probed cubosomes over time. The cubic-to-lamellar phase transition was confirmed from the TR-SAXS spectra. By using the GP<sub>340</sub> of the MO/DOPC compositions in the first part as a calibration curve, the kinetics of apparent lipid exchange (<i>k</i><sub>app</sub>) were obtained, and the apparent amount of DOPC in the cubosomes over the course of the interaction could be estimated. The approach developed in this work showcases the applications of fluorescence probes such as estimation of apparent lipid exchange kinetics that could be generalized to other types of carriers. In addition, the results obtained from this work provide a deeper understanding of changes in the cubic membrane and structure in relation to the interaction between the drug carrier and model cell membranes. Such insights may prove to be valuable for the design of cubosomes as therapeutic carriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"41 17","pages":"10808–10817 10808–10817"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LangmuirPub Date : 2025-04-28DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00828
Xianmin Gong, Shijun Xu, Yiling He, Kaijun Wei, Quangang Chen, Qing Yuan, Yi He, Yi Fan, Xingtao Cheng
{"title":"Research on the Synergistic Enhancement of Corrosion Resistance and Wear Resistance of Ni–W–B-Based Coatings by Nano CeO2 and PDA Functionalized VC","authors":"Xianmin Gong, Shijun Xu, Yiling He, Kaijun Wei, Quangang Chen, Qing Yuan, Yi He, Yi Fan, Xingtao Cheng","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00828","url":null,"abstract":"Metal-based composite coatings have been widely studied for their excellent properties. In order to improve the properties of nickel tungsten boron (Ni–W–B) matrix, Ni–W–B/PC coatings were prepared by electrodeposition in the presence of polydopamine functionalized VC (P–VC) and cerium oxide (CeO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles. The effect of cerium oxide content in the nanomaterials on the properties of Ni–W–B coatings was investigated. The results showed that the prepared coatings were dense, uniform, and crack-free, and the best performance was achieved at a cerium oxide content of 2 g/L. The addition of CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles can fill the tiny defects in the coating and optimize the coating structure. The addition of these two materials refines the size of the coating grains. In terms of coating performance, the corrosion resistance of the composite coating was enhanced with the addition of CeO<sub>2</sub> at a certain P–VC concentration, and the total impedance of the composite coating was 24,030 Ω·cm<sup>2</sup>, which was 4.8 times higher than that of the Ni–W–B coating and 1.7 times higher than that of the Ni–W–B/P–VC coating. In addition, the hardness of the Ni–W–B/PC-2 composite coating reached 1033.93 HV at a CeO<sub>2</sub> content of 2 g/L. The wear resistance of this composite coating was also optimized. Compared with the Ni–W–B/P–VC composite coating, the average coefficient of friction was reduced by 8.8%, and the wear resistance of the composite coating was further improved, which was attributed to the synergistic effect of the two materials. Moreover, the Ni–W–B/PC film has excellent hardness and corrosion resistance, which is promising for the application in harsh environments.","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LangmuirPub Date : 2025-04-28DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00831
Junting Dong, Guoliang Zhang, Fucong Liu, Houjun Qi, Kan Xing
{"title":"The Study of the Inhibitive Behavior of COF-5 Lubricant Additives on Wear and Corrosion of the Tin Bronze Friction Pair during the Current-Carrying Process","authors":"Junting Dong, Guoliang Zhang, Fucong Liu, Houjun Qi, Kan Xing","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00831","url":null,"abstract":"COF-5 is an excellent choice as a lubricant additive due to its high specific surface area and regular layer stacking structure. In this paper, the porous covalent organic frameworks of the COF-5 nanomaterial were successfully synthesized as a lubricant additive via a method of sonochemical synthesis. Pure [BMIM][SCN] (BS) was used as the base oil, and the tribological properties of the COF-5-BS composite lubricant were evaluated by using a ball-on-disk wear tester. The results were demonstrated that the wear volume of BS with the addition of 0.1 wt % COF-5 was reduced by 46.64% as compared to that of the pure BS, and the corrosion on the friction interface was effectively inhibited by the addition of COF-5 nanomaterial. This phenomenon was ascribed to COF-5 with a large specific surface area, being adsorbed onto the friction interface, which could repair the wear-induced pits and prevent the direct contact between the metal substrate and the corrosive medium. The tribological properties of the COF-5-BS composite lubricant could be efficiently regulated under the applied electric current. The results of intelligent electric current-controlled friction were indicated that the average coefficients of friction (COF) under the current stimulation of 30 mA with on/off cycling were reduced by 12.05% as compared to that of a continuous current operated for 1 h. Moreover, the wear volume and depth were reduced by 11.69% and 8.75%, respectively. That is because the short duration of current regulation could enhance the rapid formation of a lubricant film composed of BS liquid and COF-5 nanosheets on the friction interface. Meanwhile, the temperature on the interface would not be high to produce the failure of lubricating film, resulting in an excellent low friction coefficient and excellent antifriction property.","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143885043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LangmuirPub Date : 2025-04-27DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01351
Menghong Li, Junkai Ren
{"title":"Quantitative Methodology for Assessing the Dispersion of Guest Materials within a Host Matrix","authors":"Menghong Li, Junkai Ren","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01351","url":null,"abstract":"This work introduces a quantitative methodology for assessing the dispersion of guest materials within a host matrix, an essential parameter that influences the performance of composite materials. We define dispersion as the uniformity degree of guest materials’ spatial distribution relative to the host matrix. To quantify this metric, we employ statistical tools, such as the coefficient of variation, which assesses the variability in concentration across sample regions. Our methodology integrates analytical techniques, including ultraviolet–visible absorbance spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, to generate high-resolution compositional maps that capture guest material distribution with spatial precision. Practical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of our methodology in real-world applications, highlighting its versatility and enhancing its reproducibility in dispersion assessments. While challenges such as matrix complexity and overlapping spectral signals in multicomponent systems remain notable considerations, this framework establishes a rigorous foundation for systematic optimization of composite properties. Our work can contribute to understanding and optimizing material properties, fostering advancements in fields ranging from material science to industry.","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LangmuirPub Date : 2025-04-27DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c0100010.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01000
Yan Wang, Jiangxun Dou, Qingyuan Bian, Lifei Zhi, Zhiwang Han and Guoyong Wang*,
{"title":"Physicochemical Properties of Polyether-Modified Fluorosilicone Surfactants in Ethanol/Water Mixed Solutions","authors":"Yan Wang, Jiangxun Dou, Qingyuan Bian, Lifei Zhi, Zhiwang Han and Guoyong Wang*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c0100010.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01000https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01000","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A series of polyether-modified fluorosilicone surfactants (FSiPEs) with different numbers of trifluoropropyl groups were synthesized in this paper, aiming to explore the constitutive law of pendant trifluoropropyl groups. The chemical compositions of the synthesized surfactants were characterized by FT-IR, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, and <sup>13</sup>C NMR. The physicochemical properties of the FSiPEs in aqueous and 75% ethanol solutions were systematically evaluated by transmission electron microscopy and equilibrium/dynamic surface tension, dynamic contact angle, foam scanning, and dynamic light scattering tests. The FSiPEs showed high surface activity in aqueous (γ<sub>CAC</sub> = 28.86 mN/m) and 75% ethanol solutions (γ<sub>CAC</sub> = 21.33 mN/m) along with excellent foaming properties and foam stability. Moreover, the FSiPEs showed good wetting properties on low-energy surfaces and could spontaneously assemble into vesicles in aqueous solution. The results of this study could guide future research on enhancing the scope of the applicability of trifluoropropyl-enhanced fluorosilicone surfactants.</p>","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"41 17","pages":"11173–11182 11173–11182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LangmuirPub Date : 2025-04-27DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01000
Yan Wang, Jiangxun Dou, Qingyuan Bian, Lifei Zhi, Zhiwang Han, Guoyong Wang
{"title":"Physicochemical Properties of Polyether-Modified Fluorosilicone Surfactants in Ethanol/Water Mixed Solutions","authors":"Yan Wang, Jiangxun Dou, Qingyuan Bian, Lifei Zhi, Zhiwang Han, Guoyong Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01000","url":null,"abstract":"A series of polyether-modified fluorosilicone surfactants (FSiPEs) with different numbers of trifluoropropyl groups were synthesized in this paper, aiming to explore the constitutive law of pendant trifluoropropyl groups. The chemical compositions of the synthesized surfactants were characterized by FT-IR, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, and <sup>13</sup>C NMR. The physicochemical properties of the FSiPEs in aqueous and 75% ethanol solutions were systematically evaluated by transmission electron microscopy and equilibrium/dynamic surface tension, dynamic contact angle, foam scanning, and dynamic light scattering tests. The FSiPEs showed high surface activity in aqueous (γ<sub>CAC</sub> = 28.86 mN/m) and 75% ethanol solutions (γ<sub>CAC</sub> = 21.33 mN/m) along with excellent foaming properties and foam stability. Moreover, the FSiPEs showed good wetting properties on low-energy surfaces and could spontaneously assemble into vesicles in aqueous solution. The results of this study could guide future research on enhancing the scope of the applicability of trifluoropropyl-enhanced fluorosilicone surfactants.","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"226 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LangmuirPub Date : 2025-04-27DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c0135110.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01351
Menghong Li*, and , Junkai Ren*,
{"title":"Quantitative Methodology for Assessing the Dispersion of Guest Materials within a Host Matrix","authors":"Menghong Li*, and , Junkai Ren*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c0135110.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01351https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c01351","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This work introduces a quantitative methodology for assessing the dispersion of guest materials within a host matrix, an essential parameter that influences the performance of composite materials. We define dispersion as the uniformity degree of guest materials’ spatial distribution relative to the host matrix. To quantify this metric, we employ statistical tools, such as the coefficient of variation, which assesses the variability in concentration across sample regions. Our methodology integrates analytical techniques, including ultraviolet–visible absorbance spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, to generate high-resolution compositional maps that capture guest material distribution with spatial precision. Practical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of our methodology in real-world applications, highlighting its versatility and enhancing its reproducibility in dispersion assessments. While challenges such as matrix complexity and overlapping spectral signals in multicomponent systems remain notable considerations, this framework establishes a rigorous foundation for systematic optimization of composite properties. Our work can contribute to understanding and optimizing material properties, fostering advancements in fields ranging from material science to industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"41 17","pages":"11249–11252 11249–11252"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Monodisperse Silica Microsphere with Extremely Large Specific Surface Area: Preparation and Characterization","authors":"Ruicheng Xiao, Siming Yu, Zhongsheng Tang, Jianping Tang, Hang Zhang, Shengliang Zhong","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00607","url":null,"abstract":"Monodisperse SiO<sub>2</sub> microspheres are widely used in catalysis, separation, adsorption, and drug delivery. Their particle size, uniformity, and specific surface area are crucial for these applications. This study reports the novel preparation of monodisperse SiO<sub>2</sub> microspheres using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as the template agent, employing hexadecylamine serving concurrently as a pore-expanding agent and catalyst. By controlling the reactant quantities and reaction conditions, we achieved monodisperse SiO<sub>2</sub> microspheres with tunable particle sizes ranging from 800 nm to 2.5 μm with exceptionally large specific surface areas. It is worth mentioning that microspheres with a particle size of 2 μm and extremely uniform size distribution were produced at room temperature. Excitingly, it has a BET specific surface area of 1543 m<sup>2</sup>/g. Various effects on the preparation of the microspheres were investigated in detail, and the growth mechanism of these microspheres was elucidated.","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LangmuirPub Date : 2025-04-25DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c0060710.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00607
Ruicheng Xiao, Siming Yu, Zhongsheng Tang, Jianping Tang*, Hang Zhang* and Shengliang Zhong*,
{"title":"Monodisperse Silica Microsphere with Extremely Large Specific Surface Area: Preparation and Characterization","authors":"Ruicheng Xiao, Siming Yu, Zhongsheng Tang, Jianping Tang*, Hang Zhang* and Shengliang Zhong*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c0060710.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00607https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00607","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Monodisperse SiO<sub>2</sub> microspheres are widely used in catalysis, separation, adsorption, and drug delivery. Their particle size, uniformity, and specific surface area are crucial for these applications. This study reports the novel preparation of monodisperse SiO<sub>2</sub> microspheres using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as the template agent, employing hexadecylamine serving concurrently as a pore-expanding agent and catalyst. By controlling the reactant quantities and reaction conditions, we achieved monodisperse SiO<sub>2</sub> microspheres with tunable particle sizes ranging from 800 nm to 2.5 μm with exceptionally large specific surface areas. It is worth mentioning that microspheres with a particle size of 2 μm and extremely uniform size distribution were produced at room temperature. Excitingly, it has a BET specific surface area of 1543 m<sup>2</sup>/g. Various effects on the preparation of the microspheres were investigated in detail, and the growth mechanism of these microspheres was elucidated.</p>","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"41 17","pages":"11003–11011 11003–11011"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LangmuirPub Date : 2025-04-25DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00629
Jia Ming Goh, Ali Zavabeti, Jianan He, Shuangmin Shi, Amanda Vera Ellis, Gang Kevin Li
{"title":"Porous Carbon-Ice Composite Microscale Vessels for Gas Encapsulation and Storage","authors":"Jia Ming Goh, Ali Zavabeti, Jianan He, Shuangmin Shi, Amanda Vera Ellis, Gang Kevin Li","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00629","url":null,"abstract":"Micro- or nanoscale gas vessels decentralize gas storage, enabling high-density gas storage at ambient pressure. However, current materials are constrained by complex designs and the need for intensive production and operational conditions. Here, we demonstrate the use of frozen water (ice) to encapsulate commonly available activated carbon (AC), forming microscale vessels where high-density gas is stored within carbon nanopores. Hydrophilic functional groups on the AC surface create water competition for adsorption sites within the pores, reducing the capacity available for gas molecules. This effect diminishes with increasing gas dosage pressure. At 50 bar, methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) dosage, stored at ambient pressure and −20 °C, shows that approximately 90% of the deliverable capacity was retained using this water-assisted method─an amount 320% higher than that achieved with traditional adsorption methods under identical conditions. For low-polarizable gases like nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>) and hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>), competitive adsorption significantly reduced performance; however, heat treatment of AC at 1000 °C in argon (Ar) effectively reduced oxygenated functional groups, resulting in a 32 and 48% increase in deliverable N<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub> capacities, respectively. This study presents a cost-effective, sustainable approach to gas storage using widely available materials and simple operation, advancing the potential for CH<sub>4</sub> and H<sub>2</sub> storage in clean energy systems.","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}