{"title":"Connectors of smart design and smart systems","authors":"I. Horváth","doi":"10.1017/S0890060421000068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0890060421000068","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Though they can be traced back to different roots, both smart design and smart systems have to do with the recent developments of artificial intelligence. There are two major questions related to them: (i) What way are smart design and smart systems enabled by artificial narrow, general, or super intelligence? and (ii) How can smart design be used in the realization of smart systems? and How can smart systems contribute to smart designing? A difficulty is that there are no exact definitions for these novel concepts in the literature. The endeavor to analyze the current situation and to answer the above questions stimulated an exploratory research whose first findings are summarized in this paper. Its first part elaborates on a plausible interpretation of the concept of smartness and provides an overview of the characteristics of smart design as a creative problem solving methodology supported by artificial intelligence. The second part exposes the paradigmatic features and system engineering issues of smart systems, which are equipped with application-specific synthetic system knowledge and reasoning mechanisms. The third part presents and elaborates on a conceptual model of AI-based couplings of smart design and smart systems. The couplings may manifest in various concrete forms in real life that are referred to as “connectors” in this paper. The principal types of connectors are exemplified and discussed. It has been found that smart design tends to manifest as a methodology of blue-printing smart systems and that smart systems will be intellectualized the enablers of implementation of smart design. Understanding the affordances of and creating proper connectors between smart design and smart systems need further explorative research.","PeriodicalId":50951,"journal":{"name":"Ai Edam-Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design Analysis and Manufacturing","volume":"35 1","pages":"132 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0890060421000068","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47820596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Idea generation with Technology Semantic Network","authors":"Serhad Sarica, Binyang Song, Jianxi Luo, K. Wood","doi":"10.1017/S0890060421000020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0890060421000020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There are growing efforts to mine public and common-sense semantic network databases for engineering design ideation stimuli. However, there is still a lack of design ideation aids based on semantic network databases that are specialized in engineering or technology-based knowledge. In this study, we present a new methodology of using the Technology Semantic Network (TechNet) to stimulate idea generation in engineering design. The core of the methodology is to guide the inference of new technical concepts in the white space surrounding a focal design domain according to their semantic distance in the large TechNet, for potential syntheses into new design ideas. We demonstrate the effectiveness in general, and use strategies and ideation outcome implications of the methodology via a case study of flying car design idea generation.","PeriodicalId":50951,"journal":{"name":"Ai Edam-Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design Analysis and Manufacturing","volume":"35 1","pages":"265 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0890060421000020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45193630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of Hofstede's cultural dimensions in the design of user interface: the case of Arabic","authors":"A. Alsswey, H. Al-Samarraie","doi":"10.1017/S0890060421000019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0890060421000019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A user interface (UI) design that meets the preferences, differences, and needs of the group of users can potentially increase the usability of a system. Users, in general, feel more familiar with the context that reflects their cultural values and practices. The Arabic culture plays a significant role in how Arab users interact and communicate with technologies. The customs, artifacts, and traditions of the Arab world are different in nature from the Western cultures. Thus, it is essential to consider these differences when designing the UI prototype. This study investigated the role of certain cultural preferences in the design of UI for Arab users. A think-aloud approach and Hofstede's cultural dimensions were used on 23 Arab users to generate the necessary design guidelines for the UI of mobile health application. Then, 78 participants were recruited to evaluate the proposed UI design. The usability results showed high satisfaction among Arab users about the role of culture in the design of the UI. Findings from this study can be used by designers and developers to aid their design of UI for group-specific cultural preferences and values.","PeriodicalId":50951,"journal":{"name":"Ai Edam-Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design Analysis and Manufacturing","volume":"35 1","pages":"116 - 127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0890060421000019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46437405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The 35th Year of AI EDAM: Where are We Heading?","authors":"A. Chakrabarti","doi":"10.1017/S0890060421000032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0890060421000032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50951,"journal":{"name":"Ai Edam-Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design Analysis and Manufacturing","volume":"35 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0890060421000032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49196958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kenton B. Fillingim, Hannah Shapiro, Catherine J. Reichling, Katherine K. Fu
{"title":"Effect of physical activity through virtual reality on design creativity","authors":"Kenton B. Fillingim, Hannah Shapiro, Catherine J. Reichling, Katherine K. Fu","doi":"10.1017/S0890060420000529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0890060420000529","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A deeper understanding of creativity and design is essential for the development of tools to improve designers’ creative processes and drive future innovation. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of physical activity versus movement in a virtual environment on the creative output of industrial design students. This study contributes a novel assessment of whether the use of virtual reality can produce the same creative output within designers as physical activity has been shown to produce in prior studies. Eighteen industrial design students at the Georgia Institute of Technology completed nine design tasks across three conditions in a within-subjects experimental design. In each condition, participants independently experienced one of three interventions. Solutions were scored for novelty and feasibility, and self-reported mood data was correlated with performance. No significant differences were found in novelty or feasibility of solutions across the conditions. However, there are statistically significant correlations between mood, interventions, and peak performance to be discussed. The results show that participants who experienced movement in virtual reality prior to problem solving performed at an equal or higher level than physical walking for all design tasks and all designer moods. This serves as motivation for continuing to study how VR can provide an impact on a designer's creative output. Hypothesized creative performance with each mode is discussed using trends from four categories of mood, based on the combined mood characteristics of pleasantness (positive/negative) and activation (active/passive).","PeriodicalId":50951,"journal":{"name":"Ai Edam-Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design Analysis and Manufacturing","volume":"35 1","pages":"99 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0890060420000529","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45119963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A scenario-integrated approach for functional design of smart systems","authors":"Fajun Gui, Yong Chen","doi":"10.1017/S0890060420000487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0890060420000487","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Functional design is regarded as a design activity primarily aimed at clarifying customer needs, and developing the functional architecture and solution concepts for a system under development. Existing functional design approaches are mainly focused on how to assist designers in searching for solution principles for desired products, which, however, do not adequately take into account the interactions between a smart system under development and its environment, and cannot explicitly represent the complex functional logic of the system, resulting in that they cannot effectively assist designers in the functional design of smart systems. Therefore, this paper proposes a scenario-integrated approach for functional design of smart systems to address the above issues. Based on the concept of scenario in software engineering, the proposed approach explicitly elaborates how to employ scenarios to express subjective customer needs and how to generate the functional architectures and the corresponding solution concepts through a structured process. The functional design of the automated doors-unlocking system of a smart vehicle is employed to illustrate the proposed approach, which also demonstrates that the proposed approach is suitable for functional design of smart systems.","PeriodicalId":50951,"journal":{"name":"Ai Edam-Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design Analysis and Manufacturing","volume":"35 1","pages":"165 - 179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0890060420000487","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43903468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Smart design of intelligent companion toys for preschool children","authors":"Xin Wang, N. Yin, Zhinan Zhang","doi":"10.1017/S0890060420000499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0890060420000499","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Early childhood education has long-lasting influences on people, and an appropriate companion toy can play an essential role in children's brain development. This paper establishes a complete framework to guide the design of intelligent companion toys for preschool children from 2 to 6 years old, which is child-centered and environment-oriented. The design process is divided into three steps: requirement confirmation, the smart design before the sale, and the iterative update after the sale. This framework considers the characteristics of children and highlights the integration of human and artificial intelligence in design. A case study is provided to prove the superiority of the new framework. In addition to enriching the research on intelligent toy design, this paper also guides for practitioners to design smart toys and helps in children's cognitive development.","PeriodicalId":50951,"journal":{"name":"Ai Edam-Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design Analysis and Manufacturing","volume":"35 1","pages":"151 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0890060420000499","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44008510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}