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Adiabatically Manipulated Systems Interacting with Spin Baths beyond the Rotating Wave Approximation 超越旋转波近似的与自旋浴相互作用的绝热操纵系统
Physics Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.3390/physics6020032
B. Militello, Anna Napoli
{"title":"Adiabatically Manipulated Systems Interacting with Spin Baths beyond the Rotating Wave Approximation","authors":"B. Militello, Anna Napoli","doi":"10.3390/physics6020032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/physics6020032","url":null,"abstract":"The Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage (STIRAP) on a three-state system interacting with a spin bath is considered, focusing on the efficiency of the population transfer. Our analysis is based on the perturbation treatment of the interaction term evaluated beyond the Rotating Wave Approximation, thus focusing on the limit of weak system–bath coupling. The analytical expression of the correction to the efficiency and the consequent numerical analysis show that, in most of the cases, the effects of the environment are negligible, confirming the robustness of the population transfer.","PeriodicalId":509432,"journal":{"name":"Physics","volume":"10 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140426317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Casimir Physics beyond the Proximity Force Approximation: The Derivative Expansion 超越接近力近似的卡西米尔物理学：导数展开
Physics Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.3390/physics6010020
C. Fosco, F. Lombardo, F. Mazzitelli
{"title":"Casimir Physics beyond the Proximity Force Approximation: The Derivative Expansion","authors":"C. Fosco, F. Lombardo, F. Mazzitelli","doi":"10.3390/physics6010020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/physics6010020","url":null,"abstract":"We review the derivative expansion (DE) method in Casimir physics, an approach which extends the proximity force approximation (PFA). After introducing and motivating the DE in contexts other than the Casimir effect, we present different examples which correspond to that realm. We focus on different particular geometries, boundary conditions, types of fields, and quantum and thermal fluctuations. Besides providing various examples where the method can be applied, we discuss a concrete example for which the DE cannot be applied; namely, the case of perfect Neumann conditions in 2+1 dimensions. By the same example, we show how a more realistic type of boundary condition circumvents the problem. We also comment on the application of the DE to the Casimir–Polder interaction which provides a broader perspective on particle–surface interactions.","PeriodicalId":509432,"journal":{"name":"Physics","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140427614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Emergent Flow Signal and the Colour String Fusion 新兴流动信号与彩弦融合
Physics Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.3390/physics6010019
Daria Prokhorova, Evgeny Andronov
{"title":"Emergent Flow Signal and the Colour String Fusion","authors":"Daria Prokhorova, Evgeny Andronov","doi":"10.3390/physics6010019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/physics6010019","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we develop the colour string model of particle production, based on the multi-pomeron exchange scenario, to address the controversial origin of the flow signal measured in proton–proton inelastic interactions. Our approach takes into account the string–string interactions but does not include a hydrodynamic phase. We consider a comprehensive three-dimensional dynamics of strings that leads to the formation of strongly heterogeneous string density in an event. The latter serves as a source of particle creation. The string fusion mechanism, which is a major feature of the model, modifies the particle production and creates azimuthal anisotropy. Model parameters are fixed by comparing the model distributions with the ATLAS experiment proton–proton data at the centre-of-mass energy s=13 TeV. The results obtained for the two-particle angular correlation function, C(Δη,Δϕ), with Δη and Δϕ differences in, respectively, pseudorapidities and azimuthal angles between two particles, reveal the resonance contributions and the near-side ridge. Model calculations of the two-particle cumulants, c2{2}, and second order flow harmonic, v2{2}, also performed using the two-subevent method, are in qualitative agreement with the data. The observed absence of the away-side ridge in the model results is interpreted as an imperfection in the definition of the time for the transverse evolution of the string system.","PeriodicalId":509432,"journal":{"name":"Physics","volume":"114 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140445487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alternative Origin of Galactic Positrons Generated by Ultraperipheral Collisions of Cosmic Rays 宇宙射线超外围碰撞产生的银河正电子的另一种起源
Physics Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.3390/physics6010018
Dmitry Chernyshov, Vladimir Dogiel, Igor Dremin
{"title":"Alternative Origin of Galactic Positrons Generated by Ultraperipheral Collisions of Cosmic Rays","authors":"Dmitry Chernyshov, Vladimir Dogiel, Igor Dremin","doi":"10.3390/physics6010018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/physics6010018","url":null,"abstract":"We suggest a new alternative model of positron origin in the Galaxy. It is shown in our model that interactions of the electromagnetic fields of colliding ions (ultraperipheral ion collisions) can contribute to the total production of Galactic positrons. The corresponding cross-section is estimated by using the Born approximation and the equivalent photon method. This process of ion collisions dominates in the range of subrelativistic energies and produces positrons with energies of several MeV. Despite its low efficiency, as it requires more than 0.1 erg to produce a single positron, this process may be an effective source of positrons in the Galactic medium.","PeriodicalId":509432,"journal":{"name":"Physics","volume":"54 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mass and Magnetic Moment of the Electron and the Stability of QED—A Critical Review 电子的质量和磁矩与 QED 的稳定性--重要回顾
Physics Pub Date : 2024-02-18 DOI: 10.3390/physics6010017
M. Bordag, I. Pirozhenko
{"title":"Mass and Magnetic Moment of the Electron and the Stability of QED—A Critical Review","authors":"M. Bordag, I. Pirozhenko","doi":"10.3390/physics6010017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/physics6010017","url":null,"abstract":"The anomalous magnetic moment of the electron, first calculated by Schwinger, lowers the ground state energy of the electron in a weak magnetic field. It is a function of the field and changes signs for large fields, ensuring the stability of the ground state. This has been shown in the past 50 years in numerous papers. The corresponding corrections to the mass of the electron have also been investigated in strong fields using semiclassical methods. We critically review these developments and point out that the calculation for low-lying excited states raises questions. Also, we calculate the contribution from the tadpole diagram, the relevance of which was observed only quite recently.","PeriodicalId":509432,"journal":{"name":"Physics","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Semi-Classical Electrodynamics and the Casimir Effect 半经典电动力学和卡西米尔效应
Physics Pub Date : 2024-02-17 DOI: 10.3390/physics6010030
M. Boström, A. Gholamhosseinian, S. Pal, Yang Li, I. Brevik
{"title":"Semi-Classical Electrodynamics and the Casimir Effect","authors":"M. Boström, A. Gholamhosseinian, S. Pal, Yang Li, I. Brevik","doi":"10.3390/physics6010030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/physics6010030","url":null,"abstract":"From the late 1960s onwards, the groups of Barry Ninham and Adrian Parsegian, and their many collaborators, made a number of essential contributions to theory and experiment of intermolecular forces. In particular, they explored the semi-classical theory: Maxwell’s equations and Planck quantization of light leads to Lifshitz and Casimir interactions. We discuss some selected thought-provoking results from Ninham and his group. Some of the results have been conceived as controversial but, we would say, never uninteresting.","PeriodicalId":509432,"journal":{"name":"Physics","volume":"64 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140453442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Axion Electrodynamics and the Casimir Effect 轴子电动力学和卡西米尔效应
Physics Pub Date : 2024-02-17 DOI: 10.3390/physics6010027
I. Brevik, S. Pal, Yang Li, A. Gholamhosseinian, M. Boström
{"title":"Axion Electrodynamics and the Casimir Effect","authors":"I. Brevik, S. Pal, Yang Li, A. Gholamhosseinian, M. Boström","doi":"10.3390/physics6010027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/physics6010027","url":null,"abstract":"We present a concise review of selected parts of axion electrodynamics and their application to Casimir physics. We present the general formalism including the boundary conditions at a dielectric surface, derive the dispersion relation in the case where the axion parameter has a constant spatial derivative in the direction normal to the conducting plates, and calculate the Casimir energy for the simple case of scalar electrodynamics using dimensional regularization.","PeriodicalId":509432,"journal":{"name":"Physics","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140453603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Material Hums a New Topological Tune 材料奏响拓扑新曲
Physics Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1103/physics.17.s16
Michael Schirber
{"title":"Material Hums a New Topological Tune","authors":"Michael Schirber","doi":"10.1103/physics.17.s16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physics.17.s16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509432,"journal":{"name":"Physics","volume":" 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139792660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Material Hums a New Topological Tune 材料奏响拓扑新曲
Physics Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1103/physics.17.s16
Michael Schirber
{"title":"Material Hums a New Topological Tune","authors":"Michael Schirber","doi":"10.1103/physics.17.s16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physics.17.s16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509432,"journal":{"name":"Physics","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139852678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Smooth Control of Active Matter 平稳控制活性物质
Physics Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1103/physics.17.20
Sarah A. M. Loos
{"title":"Smooth Control of Active Matter","authors":"Sarah A. M. Loos","doi":"10.1103/physics.17.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physics.17.20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509432,"journal":{"name":"Physics","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139797844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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