South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology最新文献_第2页

Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance, and Implications for Public Health Due to Salmonella Contamination in Food Products 食品中沙门氏菌污染的流行率、抗生素耐药性及其对公共卫生的影响

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i5359

Fatima Sayed, Rupinder Kaur, Vikas Jha, Umme Atiya Quraishi

引用次数: 0

Microbial Prevalence in Soil Water in the River Deltas of the World 世界河流三角洲土壤水中的微生物含量

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i5358

Rajrupa Ghosh, Rituparna Acharya

{"title":"Microbial Prevalence in Soil Water in the River Deltas of the World","authors":"Rajrupa Ghosh, Rituparna Acharya","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i5358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i5358","url":null,"abstract":"There is a wide range of diverse soil and aquatic microbes reside in different deltas of the world that mainly exhibit in various forms such as bacteria, fungi, parasites, archaeans, actinomycetes, virus etc. They contribute to the environment in various ways to maintain the balance of natural elements, bio geological components and also help in protecting the ecological components. Microbes that are living in the soil provide plants along with environmental and natural protection from diseases and pests. They are very much essential for transforming nitrogen and nutrients into the forms that is consumable for plants. Decomposition, production of Oxygen, evolution, as well as symbiosis are the vital roles that are played by different soil and aquatic microbes. Some river deltas show maximum populations of saline soil dependent bacterial and fungal community, where as some river deltas are enriched with some specific microbes that are responsible for soil remediation. In some cases some species of hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms contribute to differences in C, N, P ratios. As the microbes are also responsible for producing different antigens as well as allergens that are mainly causative agents for varying infectious diseases, in need of its curative drugs and antibiotic medicines some microbes are involved in research studies for production of medicinal drugs and anti-allergens.","PeriodicalId":509356,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic Potential Sof Cinnamon Extracts, Antibiotics, and Alum on Selected Clinical Microbes 肉桂提取物、抗生素和明矾对部分临床微生物的协同作用潜力

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i4357

Benjamin, Gideon, Amadi, Lawrence O., T. Sampson

{"title":"Synergistic Potential Sof Cinnamon Extracts, Antibiotics, and Alum on Selected Clinical Microbes","authors":"Benjamin, Gideon, Amadi, Lawrence O., T. Sampson","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i4357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i4357","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotics are natural or synthetic substances used to inhibit or kill susceptible microorganisms. Due to the increase rate of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, there is the need to venture in other methods involving the coalescence effect of antibiotics and other substances such as cinnamon and alum to effectively eradicate these pathogenic organisms using less concentrated conventional antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the selected antimicrobial agents were determined using the broth dilution method, following standards and procedures set by the national council of clinical laboratory standards (NCCLS). The synergistic potentials of all the antimicrobics used were analyzed by the checkerboard assay. The MIC values of 25, 0.25, 0.75,25mg/ml were obtained for cinnamon extracts, gentamicin, penicillin G, and aq. Alum respectively against S. aureus. For E. coli O157H:H7, the MIC values of cinnamon extracts, gentamicin, penicillin G, and aq. Alum were 12.5, 0.25, 0.75 and 25mg/ml respectively,s while the MIC values of cinnamon extracts alum and fluconazole for C. albicans were 12.5, 25 and 0.05mg/ml respectively. There is a reduction in the MIC values for the various combinations against the same clinical microbes. All the antimicrobics used in this study inhibited the growth of the clinical microbes. All the microbes used in this study inhibited the tested microbes in dose dependent manner. The combinations of these agents resulted in reduction in MIC and MBC values, with an additive, indifference, and antagonistic effects using checkerboard assay which resulted to a fractional inhibitory concentration index which ranged from 0.56 to 7.9. Therefore, application of cinnamon, alum, and their combinations with conventional antibiotics can be used as treatment measure against infections caused by S. aureus, E. coli O157H:H7, and C. albicans.","PeriodicalId":509356,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140729405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phenotypic and Genotypic Virulence Potentials of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Different Food Samples in Yola 从约拉不同食品样本中分离出的李斯特菌的表型和基因型毒性潜力

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i4356

H. Isa, Mohammed Bashir, N. A. Kachalla

{"title":"Phenotypic and Genotypic Virulence Potentials of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Different Food Samples in Yola","authors":"H. Isa, Mohammed Bashir, N. A. Kachalla","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i4356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i4356","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: the aim of this work is to determine the Phenotypic and Genotypic Virulence Potentials of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Different Food Samples in Yola.\u0000Study Design: the study was a randomized study; the samples (sources of organisms) were collected at random from different market and shops within the study area.\u0000Place and Duration of Study: the study was carried out in Yola, the capital of Adamawa State, north eastern Nigeria.\u0000Methodology: phenotypic virulence potentials of the isolates was determined by haemolytic activity on 5% sheep blood agar and biofilm formation ability, using Christensen’s tube method and microtiter plate method for the qualitative and quantitative biofilm formation respectively. Genotypic virulence determination was done by polymerase chain reaction amplification of plcB, hlyA and actA genes.\u0000Results: All the isolates (100%) were beta haemolytic on 5% sheep blood agar and all the isolates were biofilm formers but with different degree of biofilm formation abilities. Genotypically all the isolates (100%) indicated the presence of all the three virulence genes amplified.\u0000Conclusion: food samples isolates analyzed are potentially virulence pathogenic of L. monocytogenes that can pose food borne listeriosis to high risk individuals in the study area.","PeriodicalId":509356,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beta-Lactam Resistance and Phenotypic Detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase in Entero bacteriaceae Isolated from Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections 从社区获得性尿路感染中分离出的肠杆菌科细菌对β-内酰胺的耐药性和广谱β-内酰胺酶的表型检测

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2345

Kasamba Ilunga Éric, Hichika Tshikolasoni Papy

{"title":"Beta-Lactam Resistance and Phenotypic Detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase in Entero bacteriaceae Isolated from Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections","authors":"Kasamba Ilunga Éric, Hichika Tshikolasoni Papy","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2345","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Urinary tract infections can affect all individuals, regardless of gender and age, occupying a prominent place in nephrological pathology. The biggest problem is that a pathology with a wide range of antibiotics and other hygiene measures that can remedy it, remains so frequent with sometimes serious complications that can compromise the vital prognosis. \u0000Objectives: To determine antibiogram profile of enterobacteria in urinary infections. \u0000Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study with an analytical aim of enterobacteria isolated from urinary infections from samples from patients of all ages from January 1, 2020 to October 21, 2022. \u0000Results: the isolated enterobacteria strains presented high rates of resistance, i.e. 92.61% for Ampicillin, 47.94% for cefadroxil, 45.14% for cefuroxime and 46.46% for cefotaxime, 72.86% for amoxicillin and 40.44% for amoxicillin + clavulanic acid. Qualitative detection of extended spectrum Beta Lactamase was generally evaluated at 24.8% with peaks for Citrobacter sp, Klebsiella sp and E coli. For the latter, cross-resistance to quinolones was evaluated in proportions ranging from 49.45% to 85.51%. \u0000Conclusion: This study shows that the level of resistance of enterobacteria to beta-lactams is very high. We have observed co-resistance between beta-lactams and quinolones, antibiotics commonly used against Gram-Negative bacteria. This observation requires an improvement in the antibiotic management policy.","PeriodicalId":509356,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139801800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beta-Lactam Resistance and Phenotypic Detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase in Entero bacteriaceae Isolated from Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections 从社区获得性尿路感染中分离出的肠杆菌科细菌对β-内酰胺的耐药性和广谱β-内酰胺酶的表型检测

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2345

Kasamba Ilunga Éric, Hichika Tshikolasoni Papy

{"title":"Beta-Lactam Resistance and Phenotypic Detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase in Entero bacteriaceae Isolated from Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections","authors":"Kasamba Ilunga Éric, Hichika Tshikolasoni Papy","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2345","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Urinary tract infections can affect all individuals, regardless of gender and age, occupying a prominent place in nephrological pathology. The biggest problem is that a pathology with a wide range of antibiotics and other hygiene measures that can remedy it, remains so frequent with sometimes serious complications that can compromise the vital prognosis. \u0000Objectives: To determine antibiogram profile of enterobacteria in urinary infections. \u0000Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study with an analytical aim of enterobacteria isolated from urinary infections from samples from patients of all ages from January 1, 2020 to October 21, 2022. \u0000Results: the isolated enterobacteria strains presented high rates of resistance, i.e. 92.61% for Ampicillin, 47.94% for cefadroxil, 45.14% for cefuroxime and 46.46% for cefotaxime, 72.86% for amoxicillin and 40.44% for amoxicillin + clavulanic acid. Qualitative detection of extended spectrum Beta Lactamase was generally evaluated at 24.8% with peaks for Citrobacter sp, Klebsiella sp and E coli. For the latter, cross-resistance to quinolones was evaluated in proportions ranging from 49.45% to 85.51%. \u0000Conclusion: This study shows that the level of resistance of enterobacteria to beta-lactams is very high. We have observed co-resistance between beta-lactams and quinolones, antibiotics commonly used against Gram-Negative bacteria. This observation requires an improvement in the antibiotic management policy.","PeriodicalId":509356,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139861733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isolation, Identification, and Antibiogram of Colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from Rivers in and around Kathmandu Valley 加德满都谷地及其周边河流中耐药鲍曼不动杆菌的分离、鉴定和抗生素图谱

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2346

Pooja Lakhey, Shyam Prasad Pant, Pramila Parajuli

{"title":"Isolation, Identification, and Antibiogram of Colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from Rivers in and around Kathmandu Valley","authors":"Pooja Lakhey, Shyam Prasad Pant, Pramila Parajuli","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2346","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acinetobacter baumannii, an opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen, poses an escalating threat in clinical settings due to the rise of multidrug-resistant infections. Despite its clinical significance, there exists a considerable gap in understanding its environmental dissemination. \u0000Aims and Objectives: The primary objective is to examine the distribution of A. baumannii and its antibiotic resistance in river ecosystems. Specifically, we aim to identify strains resistant to Colistin, a last-resort antibiotic, and elucidate the susceptibility patterns to other antibiotics. \u0000Materials and Methods: Water samples from 10 rivers were collected and subjected to analysis using Leeds Acinetobacter Agar Base and a series of biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing, focusing on Colistin resistance, was performed using standard procedures. \u0000Results: Out of the 284 isolated strains, 14 (4.9%) exhibited resistance to Colistin, while demonstrating varying susceptibility patterns to other antibiotics. Notably, Gentamycin showed effectiveness against resistant strains (14.28%), while Ceftazidime resistance was complete. Colistin-sensitive strains displayed high susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin (84.44%) and lower susceptibility to Chloramphenicol (53.33%). Carbapenem susceptibility was observed across all isolates. \u0000Conclusion: The study underscores a concerning environmental presence of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii in rivers around Kathmandu Valley, with Sundarijal being the exception. The findings emphasize the necessity of scrutinizing environmental reservoirs for pathogen spread, advocating for heightened awareness of potential health implications beyond clinical settings. Urgent attention is needed to comprehend and counteract the emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance, necessitating comprehensive strategies and continued surveillance","PeriodicalId":509356,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139799619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isolation, Identification, and Antibiogram of Colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from Rivers in and around Kathmandu Valley 加德满都谷地及其周边河流中耐药鲍曼不动杆菌的分离、鉴定和抗生素图谱

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2346

Pooja Lakhey, Shyam Prasad Pant, Pramila Parajuli

{"title":"Isolation, Identification, and Antibiogram of Colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from Rivers in and around Kathmandu Valley","authors":"Pooja Lakhey, Shyam Prasad Pant, Pramila Parajuli","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2346","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acinetobacter baumannii, an opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen, poses an escalating threat in clinical settings due to the rise of multidrug-resistant infections. Despite its clinical significance, there exists a considerable gap in understanding its environmental dissemination. \u0000Aims and Objectives: The primary objective is to examine the distribution of A. baumannii and its antibiotic resistance in river ecosystems. Specifically, we aim to identify strains resistant to Colistin, a last-resort antibiotic, and elucidate the susceptibility patterns to other antibiotics. \u0000Materials and Methods: Water samples from 10 rivers were collected and subjected to analysis using Leeds Acinetobacter Agar Base and a series of biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing, focusing on Colistin resistance, was performed using standard procedures. \u0000Results: Out of the 284 isolated strains, 14 (4.9%) exhibited resistance to Colistin, while demonstrating varying susceptibility patterns to other antibiotics. Notably, Gentamycin showed effectiveness against resistant strains (14.28%), while Ceftazidime resistance was complete. Colistin-sensitive strains displayed high susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin (84.44%) and lower susceptibility to Chloramphenicol (53.33%). Carbapenem susceptibility was observed across all isolates. \u0000Conclusion: The study underscores a concerning environmental presence of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii in rivers around Kathmandu Valley, with Sundarijal being the exception. The findings emphasize the necessity of scrutinizing environmental reservoirs for pathogen spread, advocating for heightened awareness of potential health implications beyond clinical settings. Urgent attention is needed to comprehend and counteract the emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance, necessitating comprehensive strategies and continued surveillance","PeriodicalId":509356,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139859499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emergence of High-Level Antibiotic Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae: A Narrative Review 肺炎克雷伯氏菌出现高水平抗生素耐药性：叙述性综述

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2343

Sona P. H., Pavan Chand Attavar, Rasmi T. R., M. S. Kotian, Delna N. S.

{"title":"Emergence of High-Level Antibiotic Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae: A Narrative Review","authors":"Sona P. H., Pavan Chand Attavar, Rasmi T. R., M. S. Kotian, Delna N. S.","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2343","url":null,"abstract":"In an era marked by remarkable advancements in medicine, the persistent emergence of high-level antibiotic resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae poses a critical threat to public health globally. As the worldwide spread of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pan-drug-resistant (PDR) K. pneumoniae strains continues to grow, a significant shift in how we approach treatment is on the horizon. The complex interaction of genetic factors, which encompasses a wide range of beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, and chromosomal mutations, creates a dynamic resistance mechanism that counters the effects of antibiotics. These intricate adaptations, arising from both gene transfers facilitated by plasmids and changes in the genome itself, present a challenging obstacle to our efforts in managing antimicrobial effectiveness. Klebsiella infections come back stronger armed with molecular tactics that challenge healthcare systems, prolong hospital stays, and increase mortality. Beyond healthcare settings, the economic and social dimensions grow as resources are redirected, intensifying the impact on vulnerable groups. This review delves into the intricate mechanisms behind the high-level antibiotic resistance in K. pneumoniae, examining its epidemiological, molecular, and clinical facets. Highlighting the necessity for coordinated research, medical protocols, and policies, the review underscores the importance of judicious antibiotic utilization, drug innovation, and rigorous infection management. ","PeriodicalId":509356,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139811529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emergence of High-Level Antibiotic Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae: A Narrative Review 肺炎克雷伯氏菌出现高水平抗生素耐药性：叙述性综述

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2343

Sona P. H., Pavan Chand Attavar, Rasmi T. R., M. S. Kotian, Delna N. S.

{"title":"Emergence of High-Level Antibiotic Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae: A Narrative Review","authors":"Sona P. H., Pavan Chand Attavar, Rasmi T. R., M. S. Kotian, Delna N. S.","doi":"10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i2343","url":null,"abstract":"In an era marked by remarkable advancements in medicine, the persistent emergence of high-level antibiotic resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae poses a critical threat to public health globally. As the worldwide spread of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pan-drug-resistant (PDR) K. pneumoniae strains continues to grow, a significant shift in how we approach treatment is on the horizon. The complex interaction of genetic factors, which encompasses a wide range of beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, and chromosomal mutations, creates a dynamic resistance mechanism that counters the effects of antibiotics. These intricate adaptations, arising from both gene transfers facilitated by plasmids and changes in the genome itself, present a challenging obstacle to our efforts in managing antimicrobial effectiveness. Klebsiella infections come back stronger armed with molecular tactics that challenge healthcare systems, prolong hospital stays, and increase mortality. Beyond healthcare settings, the economic and social dimensions grow as resources are redirected, intensifying the impact on vulnerable groups. This review delves into the intricate mechanisms behind the high-level antibiotic resistance in K. pneumoniae, examining its epidemiological, molecular, and clinical facets. Highlighting the necessity for coordinated research, medical protocols, and policies, the review underscores the importance of judicious antibiotic utilization, drug innovation, and rigorous infection management. ","PeriodicalId":509356,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139871279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0