Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna最新文献

{"title":"Usefulness of RSV rapid diagnostic tests in hospitalised children","authors":"Małgorzata Kobiałka, A. Wrotek, T. Jackowska","doi":"10.15557/pimr.2024.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pimr.2024.0028","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and objective: Respiratory syncytial virus is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections, particularly in children under two years of age. Diagnostic methods include rapid antigen diagnostic tests, which have shown high specificity and variable sensitivity. The aims of this study were to verify the performance of these tests in hospitalised children, and to identify factors influencing the results. Materials and methods: The study enrolled children under two years old who were tested for respiratory syncytial virus using both rapid antigen diagnostic test and a cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the tests were calculated. The influence of symptoms and fever duration, socioeconomic conditions, presence of siblings, and feeding method were analysed. Results: A total of 164 patients aged 10 days to 24 months (median 2.5 months) were included. Sensitivity reached 75% (95% confidence interval: 67.3–81.7%), specificity – 100% (73.5–100%), positive predictive value – 100%, and negative predictive value – 24% (19.3–29.4%). Lower sensitivity was associated with longer duration of signs/symptoms, with the lowest value obtained in the group with 6–7 days of signs/symptoms – 47.4% (24.5–71.1%), which differed from the 2–3 days group (p = 0.005) and the 4–5 days group (p = 0.016). No association was found between sensitivity and patient age, socioeconomic conditions, presence of siblings, clinical course including fever, or feeding method. None of these factors affected specificity, positive or negative predictive value. Conclusions: The reliability of the rapid antigen diagnostic tests in cases of positive results appears to be high, though negative results should be interpreted with caution. Prolonged duration of signs/symptoms before testing might reduce the level of sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":509086,"journal":{"name":"Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna","volume":" 81","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141825087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncological background of non-specific abdominal pain in children and adolescents – case report of a girl with ovarian teratoma","authors":"Sylwia Walczewska, A. Będzichowska, Karolina Trepka, A. Rustecka","doi":"10.15557/pimr.2024.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pimr.2024.0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abdominal pain in children is a common, atypical symptom. The vast majority of abdominal pain is functional, non-life threatening and does not require extensive diagnostics. However, it should be remembered that the abdominal cavity is one of the most common locations of solid tumours in children. Carefully collected information and physical examination with oncological vigilance allow for the identification of alarming symptoms accompanying abdominal pain. These include: pain waking up from sleep, palpable mass in the abdominal cavity, vomiting, change in the rhythm of bowel movements, weight loss, fever, dysphagia, weakness, anaemia. The article presents a case report of a teenager with ovarian teratoma. It aims to illustrate the pitfalls and diagnostic difficulties associated with determining the causes of abdominal pain in children and adolescents. The discussion also summarises information on the epidemiology, aetiology and clinical symptoms of teratoma.","PeriodicalId":509086,"journal":{"name":"Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna","volume":"54 s188","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141834795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Klotho protein and FGF23 as well-known players in the aging process but underestimated in the process of individual development and selected diseases of childhood and adolescence – a systematic review","authors":"Agnieszka Wiernik, Lidia Hyla-Klekot, Paulina Brauner, G. Kudela, Mirosław Partyka, T. Koszutski","doi":"10.15557/pimr.2024.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pimr.2024.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and objective: The FGF23–Klotho endocrine axis plays a pivotal role not only in processes associated with aging but also in metabolic pathways, with implications for paediatric disorders. The aim of this study was to systematically review the existing literature on Klotho and FGF23 in the paediatric population. Materials and methods: Based on the PubMed and Web of Science databases, we conducted a PRISMA-guided search using (klotho) AND (children); (FGF23) AND (children), adhering strictly to the PRISMA guidelines, and assessed evidence quality. Results: The systematic review included 66 studies. Altered Klotho and FGF23 serum levels were observed in paediatric metabolic conditions (chronic kidney disease, diabetes), cardiovascular, and growth and musculoskeletal disorders. In some of them, Klotho and FGF23 serum levels changed with disorder treatment. Elevated FGF23 and Klotho deficiency in renal failure adversely impacted the cardiovascular system. Lower Klotho levels were found in preterm neonates, especially with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Early Klotho supplementation in a bronchopulmonary dysplasia model mitigated lung tissue changes and improved the cardiac function. Children with lower Klotho levels undergoing cardiac surgeries faced a higher risk of postoperative complications, especially acute kidney injury. In X-linked hypophosphataemia, excess FGF23 led to musculoskeletal consequences. FGF23 serum levels aided the diagnosis of hypophosphataemic rickets, and anti-FGF23 antibody emerged as a common X-linked hypophosphataemia treatment. Conclusions: Klotho and FGF23 serve as promising early markers for paediatric metabolic disorders, offering a valuable tool for assessing complication risks. Klotho supplementation holds promise as a treatment method for specific paediatric disorders, while anti-FGF23 antibody is already established in X-linked hypophosphataemia treatment.","PeriodicalId":509086,"journal":{"name":"Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna","volume":"106 s415","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141834997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E-cigarettes use and respiratory symptoms in asthmatic and non-asthmatic adolescents – a systematic review","authors":"Paulina Kurdyś-Bykowska, L. Kośmider, Dawid Konwant, K. Stencel-Gabriel","doi":"10.15557/pimr.2024.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pimr.2024.0004","url":null,"abstract":"E-cigarettes were initially developed to aid smoking cessation, evolving from basic cigarette-like devices to more advanced versions. However, despite bans and restrictions, they remain easily accessible to young individuals and contribute to addiction. Studies show that early initiation of vaping in adolescents significantly increases the risk of eventually smoking conventional cigarettes, posing a serious public health problem. This review focused on analysing the harmful effects of electronic cigarettes on the respiratory system in adolescents through original articles and case reports. A total of 24 studies that focused on the effects of e-cigarettes on the respiratory system in adolescents were selected. The studies assessed the occurrence of respiratory system disorders, the impact on asthmatic adolescents, and the relationship between e-cigarette use and the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Several studies have demonstrated that adolescents who use e-cigarettes are at an increased risk of experiencing respiratory symptoms. The pandemic has brought about changes in e-cigarette use among teenagers, including reduced use due to health concerns and limited access, as well as increased nicotine levels in response to stress and boredom. It is crucial for healthcare professionals to screen adolescents for e-cigarette use, educate them about the potential harm, and consider e-cigarettes as a possible cause of respiratory symptoms.","PeriodicalId":509086,"journal":{"name":"Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna","volume":"89 s381","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141835032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ESWL as an alternative management of pancreatic lithiasis – case report","authors":"E. Wajszczuk, Beata Jurkiewicz, J. Samotyjek, P. Kwaśniewicz, Maciej Dadalski","doi":"10.15557/pimr.2024.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pimr.2024.0017","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreatic lithiasis is a condition rarely seen in the paediatric population. Small pancreatic deposits are treated with endoscopy. For patients with anatomical anomalies, surgery must be performed. Patients already operated on or with no coexisting anomalies may benefit from less invasive treatment. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a method dedicated to the treatment of urolithiasis, but since 1989 it has been used for the management of pancreatic stones in the adult population. The aim of this paper is to present the case of a 13-year-old patient with pancreatic lithiasis treated with a combination of endoscopic procedures followed by ESWL of the pancreas. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography followed by ESWL were performed. Using the frequency of 1 Hz, and 1,500 pulses, very good disintegration of the deposits was obtained. No complications were observed. ESWL with a combination of endoscopic procedures is an effective and low-invasive method of treating pancreatic stones, and may be used in children.","PeriodicalId":509086,"journal":{"name":"Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna","volume":"89 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141835033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of correctness of foot shape and correlations with anthropometric indicators and the centre of body gravity in preschool children","authors":"Paulina Smyk, Aneta Zreda-Pikies, Joanna Simińska, Damian Czarnecki, Marta Lewicka, Andrzej Kurylak","doi":"10.15557/pimr.2024.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pimr.2024.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and objective: Preschool and early school age plays an important role in shaping the foot and posture in children. The aims of the study were to assess the correctness of foot shape in preschool children and to determine possible correlations with age, gender, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body mass index (BMI), and the centre of body gravity.  Materials and methods: A study of feet and anthropometric parameters was carried out in children aged 4–6 years. Foot examination was performed using a podoscope and a strain gauge platform, while body weight was assessed using a Tanita device. Body weight, height, Clarke’s angle, centre of gravity, and WHtR were analysed. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the value of the Clarke’s angle between the left and right feet in both girls and boys, regardless of the age group. The BMI did not correlate statistically with the results of the Clarke’s angle measurements, both for all the subjects and taking into account their age. The BMI value was statistically significantly correlated with the centre of body gravity due to the correct WHtR. Conclusions: The study confirmed that the longitudinal arch of the foot shows no clear sexual dimorphism. The BMI and Clarke’s angle were not dependent on each other in the study group. The study showed no changes in the centre of body gravity in relation to the children’s body shape.","PeriodicalId":509086,"journal":{"name":"Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna","volume":"72 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141834873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccination in children living with HIV – review of Polish recommendations","authors":"A. Ołdakowska, M. Pokorska-Śpiewak, Magdalena Maria Marczyńska","doi":"10.15557/pimr.2024.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pimr.2024.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccines are an extremely effective primary prevention tool recommended for routine use in children worldwide. Vaccination is crucial for patients with underlying diseases, including children living with HIV, because of their increased risk of morbidity and mortality from various vaccine-preventable diseases. Complex care for patients living with HIV includes antiretroviral therapy (which has dramatically improved survival), prophylaxis and treatment of common infections, prophylaxis and treatment of opportunistic infections, and vaccination. Immunisation is generally safe and beneficial for children living with HIV, although HIV-induced immune suppression reduces the benefits. All inactivated vaccines, whether killed whole organism or subunit, recombinant, toxoid, polysaccharide or conjugate (which includes diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, Haemophilus influenzae type b, hepatitis B, hepatitis A, Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccines, Neisseria meningitidis, influenza, HPV), can be administered safely. Live attenuated measles–mumps–rubella and varicella vaccines are indicated in children without severe immunodeficiency. The Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine is contraindicated due to the risk of disseminated BCG infection. Although a live attenuated influenza vaccine is available, it is contraindicated for people living with HIV because of the paucity of safety data and the availability of alternative vaccines. The study reviews the current paediatric immunisation recommendations in HIV infection in Poland. Additionally, we focus on vaccine effectiveness, especially HBV protection based on anti-Hbs antibodies.","PeriodicalId":509086,"journal":{"name":"Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna","volume":"106 s414","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141834999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transient myasthenia gravis as a complication of COVID-19 in a 1.5-year-old boy: a case report and literature review","authors":"Tomasz Jarmoliński, Małgorzata Chomiak, Jarosław Marcela, Adela Kaźmierczak","doi":"10.15557/pimr.2024.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pimr.2024.0015","url":null,"abstract":"SARS-CoV-2 infection often causes neurological symptoms and complications. Those associated with the production of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies are rare. The aim of the study was to present a case of transient myasthenia gravis as a possible complication of COVID-19. A 1.5-year-old boy was admitted on day 7 of varicella due to poor general condition and anuria. On examination, he presented with dehydration, fatigue, sleepiness, and bilateral ptosis. High titre of serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was revealed with a history of viral infection 2 weeks prior. An initial diagnosis of encephalitis was made and treatment was started. Despite clinical improvement, gait disturbances and ptosis persisted and the boy was sent for further neurological evaluation. High titre of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies (2.98 nmol/L; normal <0.50 nmol/L) confirmed myasthenia gravis, but no treatment was started. Symptoms and antibodies resolved after 3 and 4 months, respectively. A follow-up after one year showed no recurrences. Conclusion: Transient, self-limiting myasthenia gravis may develop in a child as a complication of viral infection, including COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":509086,"journal":{"name":"Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna","volume":"127 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141835041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of selected biomarkers in the diagnosis of asthma in children","authors":"Milena Pogonowska, Bolesław Kalicki, A. Rustecka","doi":"10.15557/pimr.2024.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pimr.2024.0008","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and objective: Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in the paediatric population. The aim of this study was to evaluate selected biomarkers: fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), eosinophil count, periostin; and potential biomarkers: progranulin, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) in the diagnosis of asthma in children. Materials and methods: The study group consisted of 25 children with atopic asthma in a stable period of the disease, aged 6–17 years. The control group consisted of 21 healthy children aged 6–18 years with no history of allergic diseases. Results: Significantly higher serum periostin levels were observed in children with asthma compared to the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in progranulin, periostin and MMP-9 levels between asthmatic children vs. healthy controls, or between patients with controlled vs. uncontrolled asthma. Children with uncontrolled asthma had significantly higher FeNO levels compared to children with controlled asthma. Exhaled FeNO levels were significantly higher in children with eosinophil levels above 0.3 × 103/µL than in those with eosinophil levels below 0.3 × 103/µL. Children with elevated FeNO had higher progranulin levels compared to children with normal FeNO values. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between FeNO and serum progranulin levels. Conclusions: Periostin may be used as a biomarker of atopic asthma in children. The applicability of FeNO and eosinophil count in the diagnosis of asthma in children has been confirmed. The role of progranulin and MMP-9 in the pathogenesis of asthma and their usefulness as a biomarker in children requires further study.","PeriodicalId":509086,"journal":{"name":"Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna","volume":"87 S371","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141835081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perinatal outcomes in newborns of mothers with gestational diabetes – a retrospective analysis","authors":"Karolina Karcz, Barbara Królak-Olejnik","doi":"10.15557/pimr.2024.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15557/pimr.2024.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), in case of inadequate glycaemic control, is associated with an increased risk of maternal and neonatal complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate data concerning outcomes of neonates born to mothers with GDM, treated with only diet (GDM G1) compared to diet and insulin therapy (GDM G2). Special consideration was given to data concerning outcomes of neonates born after the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in 2020. Materials and methods: Medical records were analysed. The data comprised records of newborns born at term or near term in the years 2017–2021. The statistical analysis was performed, with the significance level set at α = 0.05. Results: A total of 646 medical records were analysed. The study groups differed significantly (p < 0.05) in the length of hospitalisation, incidence of cardiological abnormalities, and method of feeding during hospitalisation. There were no differences (p > 0.05) between the groups in the results concerning neonatal anthropometric measurements, general condition after birth, or other perinatal outcomes. In 2020, significantly more (p < 0.05) neonates required support in their adaptation period. These neonates were more often (p < 0.05) diagnosed with birth defects and other complications. Conclusions: The level of maternal glycaemic control, appropriate medical care, and thus effectiveness of maternal treatment are important factors influencing neonatal outcomes and breastfeeding rates.","PeriodicalId":509086,"journal":{"name":"Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141835151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}