Yemen Journal of Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Galectin-3 expression by thyroid neoplasms in a center in southwest Nigeria","authors":"A. Soremekun, O. Olaofe, A. Komolafe","doi":"10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4452","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Galectin-3 (GAL-3), which is known to be expressed in certain normal tissues and is implicated in tumor progression and metastasis, serves as a valuable marker for distinguishing malignant thyroid lesions from benign thyroid lesions. This study aimed to assess the clinical and histopathological features of thyroid neoplasms at OAUTHC Ile Ife utilizing GAL-3 immunohistochemistry and to compare these findings with those of studies conducted in other regions of the world. Materials and Methods: Histology slides from 56 patients with thyroid neoplasms spanning a 20-year period were subjected to immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibodies against GAL-3. Evaluation was based on the 2022 World Health Organization Classification of Thyroid Neoplasms, categorizing marker expression as follows: 1+ (10–25% stained cells), 2+ (26–50% stained cells), 3+ (51–75% stained cells), and 4+ (>75% stained cells). Negative staining indicated no staining, while localized staining (focal) represented <50% of cells stained (1+ or 2+), and diffuse staining indicated >50% of cells stained (3+ or 4+). Results: A total of 56 patients with neoplastic thyroid disease were studied, including 15 males and 41 females. Among the 16 benign neoplastic lesions, four (25.0%) exhibited focal GAL-3 expression, while 12 (75.0%) showed no expression. Among the forty malignant neoplastic lesions, five (12.5%) tested negative for the GAL-3 immunomarker, while 35 (87.5%) demonstrated positive expression to varying degrees. Among the positive malignant lesions, two (5.0%) displayed focal GAL-3 expression, while 33 (82.5%) exhibited diffuse staining of tumor cells. The diffuse and strong expression of GAL-3 was significantly greater in malignant thyroid neoplasms than in benign neoplasms (p<0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of GAL-3 were 88% and 75%, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings align with the previous research indicating that diffuse and strong immunohistochemical expression of GAL-3 is indicative of thyroid gland malignancy. GAL-3 serves as a valuable tool in diagnosing thyroid neoplasms, particularly in cases where histomorphologic characteristics are inconclusive or unclear.","PeriodicalId":509006,"journal":{"name":"Yemen Journal of Medicine","volume":"62 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141011719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omphalopagus parasitic twin: A case report and literature review","authors":"Ramdhani Yadav, A. K. Bakhteyar, Rupesh Keshri, Digamber Chaubey, Sandip K. Rahul","doi":"10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4404","url":null,"abstract":"Parasitic conjoined twins arise from the embryonic death of one twin, whose body parts remain vascularized and attached to the primary twin. Parasitic twins are rare and present unique challenges regarding the location of their attachment to the autosite and shared organs. In this case report, we describe the presentation and treatment of a parasitic omphalopagus twin that shared its liver with the autosite left liver lobe. The condition was not recognized before delivery, most likely due to the lack of prenatal care in the remote rural area to which the patient belonged. After a vaginal delivery, the twins were referred to our tertiary center, where a successful separation of the parasitic omphalopagus twin from the autosite was achieved.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":509006,"journal":{"name":"Yemen Journal of Medicine","volume":"4 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141011450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing innovation with responsibility: A policy proposal for ethical artificial intelligence use in medical scholarly publication","authors":"Maher Najm, Moustafa Mohamad Najm","doi":"10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4552","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509006,"journal":{"name":"Yemen Journal of Medicine","volume":"5 7‐8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141006056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases related admissions in a tertiary hospital in Hadramout Governorate, Yemen","authors":"Jamal Basamed, Abdul Raheem Bahishwan, Musaab Fahmi Yousef","doi":"10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4579","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major challenge confronting physicians in Hadramout Governorate. Little is known about the admission for CVD and outcome at Hadramout Modern Hospital. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and pattern of CVD admissions in Hadramout Modern Hospital, Hadramout, Yemen. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included all adult patients admitted for CVDs in the medical ward of Hadramout Modern Hospital from January 01 to December 31, 2023. Results: During the study period, a total of 1020 patients were admitted to the medical word, of which 158 (15.5%) cases were admitted with CVDs. There were 87 (55.1%) males, and the mean age was 58.09±15.08 years. There was a significant age difference between men and women (61.4 years vs. 54.04 years, p=0.002). The most commonly affected age group was those aged 55–64 (32.4%). Uncontrolled hypertension (81.6%), stroke (52.5%), heart failure (37.3%), and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (36.1%) were the most common CVDs. The mean hospital stay was 7.93±2.83 (2–15 days). There were 220 total deaths in Hadramout Modern Hospital during the study period. Among them, 12 (5.5%) were due to CVDs with no significant sex difference (4 [5.6%] vs. 8 [9.2%]; p=0.549). Conclusion: Given the increasing burden of CVDs in our hospital, it is crucial to understand the epidemiological features of CVDs and their etiological factors to prioritize further research, prevention, and treatment strategies. Additionally, further research is needed in other governorates across the country to identify regions with the highest regional burden of CVDs so that policymakers can reallocate limited resources accordingly.","PeriodicalId":509006,"journal":{"name":"Yemen Journal of Medicine","volume":"70 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141008448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rupture of sinus of Valsalva aneurysm in a young adult male: A case report","authors":"Özkan Kömürcü, Cem Atik, Metehan Özen, Hatice Güldal, Mustafa Boğan","doi":"10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4410","url":null,"abstract":"Rupture of the sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is a surgical emergency. It can be fatal if not treated properly and on time. In this report, we present a 39-year-old male patient with no known disease who was admitted to the emergency department with complaints of pressure-such as chest pain, chest tightness, and an inability to breathe easily after a heavy meal at night. Thoracic and abdominal computed tomography angiography was performed to better evaluate the vascular structures; the ascending aorta diameter was 71 mm (wider than normal). Hemorrhagic fluid was observed in the pericardial space and paracardiac recesses. The preliminary diagnosis was a rupture of the right SVA, and emergency surgery was performed. The posterior aorta was found to have ruptured at the level of the right sinus of Valsalva, and anastomosis was performed on the torn portion. The patient was extubated 8 h after surgery. On the 7th post-operative day, transthoracic echocardiography was within normal limits, and he was discharged from the hospital on the 8th day in good condition with stable vital signs.","PeriodicalId":509006,"journal":{"name":"Yemen Journal of Medicine","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141007824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updated review on malignancy-associated venous thromboembolism: Pathogenesis and comparison between various therapeutic modalities","authors":"E. Habas, Ala M Habas, Amnna Rayani, Kalifa Farfar, Eshark Habas, J. Alfitori, Mehdi Arrayes, Aml Habas, Abdel-Monem Badawi Yousif, Abdel-Naser Elzouk","doi":"10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4547","url":null,"abstract":"Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the life-threatening complications in cancer patients, the incidence of which is affected by the patient and malignancy-related variables. Location, type, therapeutic route, stage, grade, and non-supportive treatment of the cancer are the most important VTE risk factors. Patient age, ethnicity, and concomitant genetic or acquired comorbidities or thrombophilias are known risk factors for VTE in cancer. All high-risk cancer patients admitted to hospitals or treated as outpatients should receive VTE prophylaxis. Low molecular weight heparin is the main treatment for active malignant VTE. Vitamin K antagonists and non-Vitamin K-dependent oral anticoagulants are used in stable, non-bleeding cancer patients. Anticoagulation should be continued until the cancer is treated or at least controlled. Over the past two decades, randomized clinical and observational trials have improved the pathogenesis and therapeutic knowledge of VTE, but many challenges remain. The lack of an optimal primary prophylaxis method for inpatients and outpatients in oncology and the care of cancer-associated VTE in standard and high-bleeding risk groups are examples for which more clinical research on cancer-associated thrombosis is necessary to address these issues. In this review, we describe the pathogenesis, factors that increase the risk of VTE, and the comparison between the effectiveness of available anticoagulants in the treatment and prevention of VTE in cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":509006,"journal":{"name":"Yemen Journal of Medicine","volume":"22 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141010954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of octreotide in the management of chylous pleural effusion in children: Experience with two cases","authors":"Sandip K. Rahul, Rupesh Keshri, Digamber Chaubey","doi":"10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4432","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509006,"journal":{"name":"Yemen Journal of Medicine","volume":"13 1‐2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141007144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of unusual complications following adenotonsillar surgery in a tertiary care center: An experience with 10 cases","authors":"Sanjay Kumar, Arun Patra, Angshuman Dutta, Kashiroygoud Biradar","doi":"10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4407","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adenotonsillar surgery, a common surgical procedure, has been generally considered safe with minimal complications. The aim of this study was to investigate and elucidate uncommon complications observed post-adenotonsillar surgeries at a tertiary care center, aiming to enhance current clinical understanding. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 200 patients who underwent adenotonsillar surgeries from January 2020 to December 2021. Ten patients presenting with unusual post-operative complications were assessed. Data encompassing demographics, co-morbidities, presentation, diagnosis timeline, interventions, and management were collected. Results: Of the analyzed cohort, 5% (n=10) manifested unusual complications. Complications were evenly distributed across genders, with velopharyngeal insufficiency marginally more prevalent in females. Down syndrome was identified as a significant comorbidity for atlantoaxial subluxation. Age was a determining factor for complications, with atlantoaxial subluxation more common in younger patients and Eagle’s syndrome in adults. Management varied from conservative to surgical interventions. Conclusion: Adenotonsillar surgeries, while routinely performed, can lead to unusual complications. Clinicians need to be observant postoperatively, ensuring comprehensive patient monitoring and communication. This case series contributes to the existing body of knowledge, promoting informed clinical decision-making.","PeriodicalId":509006,"journal":{"name":"Yemen Journal of Medicine","volume":"86 S23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141011595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracerebral hemorrhagic developing in a patient with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome; a case report","authors":"Hatice Güldal, Aziz Alper Ayaslı, Alp Kaan Furkan Kıcıroğlu, Salih Karakoyun, Mustafa Boğan","doi":"10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4326","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a case of hemorrhagic posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in a 19-year-old woman, who had undergone a cesarean section for epilepsy and lupus-related chronic renal failure 2 months ago, and presented to the emergency department with complaints of blurred vision. The neurological and ophthalmological examinations were normal. Despite the initial imaging being normal, subsequent magnetic resonance images showed hyperintensity in bilateral occipital lobes and cerebellum (indicative of PRES) and watershed ischemia in addition to intracerebral hemorrhage. Brain surgery was performed, external ventricular drainage was placed and she was monitored postoperatively with routine care in the intensive care unit where she remained intubated for a month, after which she died of the consequences of her condition.","PeriodicalId":509006,"journal":{"name":"Yemen Journal of Medicine","volume":"27 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141010657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chloronychia: Fox–Goldman syndrome","authors":"Julio Salas-Alanís, M. Moreno-Treviño, Gerardo Rivera-Silva","doi":"10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/yjm.v3i1.4317","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509006,"journal":{"name":"Yemen Journal of Medicine","volume":"357 14‐15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141006798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}