Social Sciences最新文献_第5页

Teachers’ Perception of Some Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown: The Case Study of Ludovika University of Public Service 教师对 COVID-19 封锁影响的看法：卢多维卡公共服务大学案例研究

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13020111

Gabor Laszlo, Nikolett Deutsch, László Berényi

{"title":"Teachers’ Perception of Some Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown: The Case Study of Ludovika University of Public Service","authors":"Gabor Laszlo, Nikolett Deutsch, László Berényi","doi":"10.3390/socsci13020111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13020111","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 lockdown has had serious consequences, including rethinking higher education. The study aims to enhance the knowledge base of online education and academic integrity through a case study of the Ludovika University of Public Service (LUPS), Budapest, Hungary. The research aimed to assess the teachers’ experience with distance learning and examinations, including the change in workload, digital competencies, Moodle, Turnitin, and other software used during and after the lockdown. This paper summarizes the university-level policy changes induced during the lockdown, covering the introduction of emergency distance teaching and online examinations in academic integrity at the university. Two years after the first lockdown, the researchers made a survey (n = 145) about the continuation of the introduced solutions. The results show that a remarkable reordering started while the technical and technological backgrounds were available for the changes. The teachers could feel a significant increase in workload with distance education and have low trust in maintaining the standards of academic integrity. However, the research shows moderate and low levels of digital competencies in the majority of teachers, which clearly defines the most crucial task leading to success. Maintaining the monitoring system with objective indicators of the development and the opinions of the interested parties is essential for successful strategies in the field.","PeriodicalId":508965,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139850222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Paramilitary Conflict in Colombia: A Case Study of Economic Causes of Conflict Recidivism 哥伦比亚的准军事冲突：冲突再犯的经济原因案例研究

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13020112

William Orlando Prieto Bustos, Johanna Manrique-Hernandez

{"title":"Paramilitary Conflict in Colombia: A Case Study of Economic Causes of Conflict Recidivism","authors":"William Orlando Prieto Bustos, Johanna Manrique-Hernandez","doi":"10.3390/socsci13020112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13020112","url":null,"abstract":"Following the peace accord on 26 September 2016 between the Colombian government and the Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces (FARC), significant structural issues persisted in Colombia, such as state fragility, land distribution challenges, and rural impoverishment, all of which jeopardized sustainable peace. Previous disarmament events indicated potential shifts in violence and recidivism rates among ex-combatants. This paper aims to determine the likelihood that, in the post-conflict era with FARC, these ex-combatants would rearm themselves into new criminal factions. Employing a methodology by Paul Collier, the study utilized logit, probit, and panel data models with both fixed and random effects to evaluate the recidivism risk at the municipal level. A 1% increase in per capita municipal income decreased conflict probability due to the increased opportunity cost of disrupting economic endeavors. Conversely, 1% increases in potential conflict benefits from tax revenue and natural resource proceeds raised the probability of conflict by 40% and 17%, respectively. Key results indicate that economic advancement, as measured by per capita income, reduced the duration of paramilitary presence, whereas revenue from taxes and natural resources extended it at the municipal level in Colombia.","PeriodicalId":508965,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139789617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New Developments in Geopolitics: A Reassessment of Theories after 2023 地缘政治的新发展：2023 年后的理论重估

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13020109

Georgios Tr Topalidis, Nick N. Kartalis, John R. Velentzas, Charalampia Sidiropoulou

{"title":"New Developments in Geopolitics: A Reassessment of Theories after 2023","authors":"Georgios Tr Topalidis, Nick N. Kartalis, John R. Velentzas, Charalampia Sidiropoulou","doi":"10.3390/socsci13020109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13020109","url":null,"abstract":"The scope of this article is to make a synthesis of the theory of geopolitics with new trends and characteristics of the new global environment. Traditional geopolitical theories are established on the basis of sovereign states. The starting point of many theories is for sovereign states to compete for world hegemony, or to gain an advantage in competition with their opponents. Geopolitical research also mostly starts from the interests of the country. However, as global environmental changes, transnational crimes, terrorism, information security, and other non-traditional security threats have become common threats to human society, their impact also crosses borders and has global characteristics, which also means solving geopolitical issues. Thinking needs to change from a national perspective to a global perspective. On the other hand, as the international community pays more and more attention to human rights, the challenge of human rights to sovereignty has become an unavoidable reality in current international politics. With the progress of the times, the protection and respect of civil rights has become the basic consensus of the international community. Nowadays, the issue of virtual rights such as carbon emission rights have also been included in the geopolitics theory, creating a strong shift of paradigm towards a renewed theory.","PeriodicalId":508965,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139789258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New Developments in Geopolitics: A Reassessment of Theories after 2023 地缘政治的新发展：2023 年后的理论重估

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13020109

Georgios Tr Topalidis, Nick N. Kartalis, John R. Velentzas, Charalampia Sidiropoulou

{"title":"New Developments in Geopolitics: A Reassessment of Theories after 2023","authors":"Georgios Tr Topalidis, Nick N. Kartalis, John R. Velentzas, Charalampia Sidiropoulou","doi":"10.3390/socsci13020109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13020109","url":null,"abstract":"The scope of this article is to make a synthesis of the theory of geopolitics with new trends and characteristics of the new global environment. Traditional geopolitical theories are established on the basis of sovereign states. The starting point of many theories is for sovereign states to compete for world hegemony, or to gain an advantage in competition with their opponents. Geopolitical research also mostly starts from the interests of the country. However, as global environmental changes, transnational crimes, terrorism, information security, and other non-traditional security threats have become common threats to human society, their impact also crosses borders and has global characteristics, which also means solving geopolitical issues. Thinking needs to change from a national perspective to a global perspective. On the other hand, as the international community pays more and more attention to human rights, the challenge of human rights to sovereignty has become an unavoidable reality in current international politics. With the progress of the times, the protection and respect of civil rights has become the basic consensus of the international community. Nowadays, the issue of virtual rights such as carbon emission rights have also been included in the geopolitics theory, creating a strong shift of paradigm towards a renewed theory.","PeriodicalId":508965,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139849070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Use of Social Media, Satisfaction with Body Image, and the Risk of Manifesting Eating Disorders 社交媒体的使用、对身体形象的满意度与出现饮食失调的风险

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13020105

Ángeles Arjona, M. Monserrat, Juan-Carlos Checa

{"title":"Use of Social Media, Satisfaction with Body Image, and the Risk of Manifesting Eating Disorders","authors":"Ángeles Arjona, M. Monserrat, Juan-Carlos Checa","doi":"10.3390/socsci13020105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13020105","url":null,"abstract":"Eating disorders in adolescents are an increasingly important issue nowadays. Although they have been shown to be a pathology with multifactorial causes, the objective of our study is to determine the degree of influence that body dissatisfaction and the use of social media (time and type) might have on the risk of manifesting eating disorders. To perform this, the Sick Control One Fat Food scale was used as part of a randomized survey carried out among 12 schools in Almería (Spain). The sample consisted of 605 students in Compulsory Secondary Education between the ages of 12 and 17 years (M = 14.27; SD = 1.44), 48.42% female and 51.52% male. Cross-tabulation tables were constructed to observe the relationship of sex and age with the risk of manifesting EDs, and, subsequently, a two-factor ANOVA was performed using the risk of suffering from an eating disorder as a dependent variable. The results show that 29.3% of the respondents express an elevated risk of suffering from an eating disorder. There are no significant differences regarding sex, but there are differences regarding age. It was also observed that dissatisfaction with body image is a significant risk factor, but not the time that young people spend on social media. Furthermore, the type of content displayed on social media has a significant influence, both independently and together with body dissatisfaction. The main conclusion highlighted in this study relates to the importance of self-perceived body image (satisfaction and dissatisfaction) and its relationship with the type of content seen on social media. For this reason, it is essential to work on self-esteem at an early age as well as learn to value others and oneself beyond just the physical.","PeriodicalId":508965,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139854283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transformational Leadership Qualities of Effective Grassroots Refugee-Led Organizations 有效基层难民领导组织的变革型领导特质

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13020103

Eugene Judson, Meseret F. Hailu, N. Chhetri

{"title":"Transformational Leadership Qualities of Effective Grassroots Refugee-Led Organizations","authors":"Eugene Judson, Meseret F. Hailu, N. Chhetri","doi":"10.3390/socsci13020103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13020103","url":null,"abstract":"This qualitative study investigates the behaviors and strategies of effective leadership teams within ethnic community-based organizations (ECBOs) operating in the United States that consist of leaders who are themselves former refugees. Through analysis of four focus group interviews, each with three to five leaders from local Bhutanese, Burundian, Congolese, and Syrian communities, we identified ways in which these leaders exhibit transformational leadership behaviors proposed by established frameworks. Results reveal that effective ECBO leaders exhibit strong transformational leadership qualities, such as empowering community members, modeling behavior, and projecting a community vision. The study emphasizes the unique context of ECBOs and their leaders, showcasing their thoughtfulness, competency, and profound awareness of community members’ backgrounds. The implications include recognizing and valuing the skills of ECBO leaders and considering formal support mechanisms. This study contributes insights into the leadership exhibited within local community organizations serving refugee populations—enhancing our understanding of quality leadership among grassroots refugee organizations.","PeriodicalId":508965,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139792293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Territorial Cooperation and Cross-Border Development: The Portuguese Dynamics 领土合作与跨境发展：葡萄牙的动态

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13020108

Pedro Chamusca

引用次数: 0

Territorial Cooperation and Cross-Border Development: The Portuguese Dynamics 领土合作与跨境发展：葡萄牙的动态

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13020108

Pedro Chamusca

引用次数: 0

Transformational Leadership Qualities of Effective Grassroots Refugee-Led Organizations 有效基层难民领导组织的变革型领导特质

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13020103

Eugene Judson, Meseret F. Hailu, N. Chhetri

{"title":"Transformational Leadership Qualities of Effective Grassroots Refugee-Led Organizations","authors":"Eugene Judson, Meseret F. Hailu, N. Chhetri","doi":"10.3390/socsci13020103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13020103","url":null,"abstract":"This qualitative study investigates the behaviors and strategies of effective leadership teams within ethnic community-based organizations (ECBOs) operating in the United States that consist of leaders who are themselves former refugees. Through analysis of four focus group interviews, each with three to five leaders from local Bhutanese, Burundian, Congolese, and Syrian communities, we identified ways in which these leaders exhibit transformational leadership behaviors proposed by established frameworks. Results reveal that effective ECBO leaders exhibit strong transformational leadership qualities, such as empowering community members, modeling behavior, and projecting a community vision. The study emphasizes the unique context of ECBOs and their leaders, showcasing their thoughtfulness, competency, and profound awareness of community members’ backgrounds. The implications include recognizing and valuing the skills of ECBO leaders and considering formal support mechanisms. This study contributes insights into the leadership exhibited within local community organizations serving refugee populations—enhancing our understanding of quality leadership among grassroots refugee organizations.","PeriodicalId":508965,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139852193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Use of Social Media, Satisfaction with Body Image, and the Risk of Manifesting Eating Disorders 社交媒体的使用、对身体形象的满意度与出现饮食失调的风险

Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.3390/socsci13020105

Ángeles Arjona, M. Monserrat, Juan-Carlos Checa

{"title":"Use of Social Media, Satisfaction with Body Image, and the Risk of Manifesting Eating Disorders","authors":"Ángeles Arjona, M. Monserrat, Juan-Carlos Checa","doi":"10.3390/socsci13020105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci13020105","url":null,"abstract":"Eating disorders in adolescents are an increasingly important issue nowadays. Although they have been shown to be a pathology with multifactorial causes, the objective of our study is to determine the degree of influence that body dissatisfaction and the use of social media (time and type) might have on the risk of manifesting eating disorders. To perform this, the Sick Control One Fat Food scale was used as part of a randomized survey carried out among 12 schools in Almería (Spain). The sample consisted of 605 students in Compulsory Secondary Education between the ages of 12 and 17 years (M = 14.27; SD = 1.44), 48.42% female and 51.52% male. Cross-tabulation tables were constructed to observe the relationship of sex and age with the risk of manifesting EDs, and, subsequently, a two-factor ANOVA was performed using the risk of suffering from an eating disorder as a dependent variable. The results show that 29.3% of the respondents express an elevated risk of suffering from an eating disorder. There are no significant differences regarding sex, but there are differences regarding age. It was also observed that dissatisfaction with body image is a significant risk factor, but not the time that young people spend on social media. Furthermore, the type of content displayed on social media has a significant influence, both independently and together with body dissatisfaction. The main conclusion highlighted in this study relates to the importance of self-perceived body image (satisfaction and dissatisfaction) and its relationship with the type of content seen on social media. For this reason, it is essential to work on self-esteem at an early age as well as learn to value others and oneself beyond just the physical.","PeriodicalId":508965,"journal":{"name":"Social Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139794442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0