African Journal of Range & Forage Science最新文献_第9页

Long-term frequent fires do not decrease topsoil carbon and nitrogen in an Afromontane grassland 长期频繁的火灾并没有降低非洲山地草地表层土壤的碳氮含量

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2021.2016966

Nicola Findlay, A. Manson, J. P. Cromsigt, P. Gordijn, Cathy Nixon, M. Rietkerk, G. Thibaud, M.J.infoeu-repo Wassen, M. Beest

{"title":"Long-term frequent fires do not decrease topsoil carbon and nitrogen in an Afromontane grassland","authors":"Nicola Findlay, A. Manson, J. P. Cromsigt, P. Gordijn, Cathy Nixon, M. Rietkerk, G. Thibaud, M.J.infoeu-repo Wassen, M. Beest","doi":"10.2989/10220119.2021.2016966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2021.2016966","url":null,"abstract":"Fire has been an integral evolutionary force shaping and maintaining grassy biomes, such as the Afromontane grasslands of South Africa. Afromontane grasslands represent a large carbon reservoir, but it is uncertain how fire affects their long-term C storage. We investigated the effect of fire regime on soil organic C and N (SOC; SON) in a long-term (39-year) burning experiment in the Maloti-Drakensberg Park, South Africa. We compared SOC and SON sampled in 2004 and 2019 from six treatments differing in fire frequency (annual, biennial, five-year, infrequent) and season (spring, autumn). Average SOC increased significantly between 2004 and 2019. Average SON increased slightly, resulting in a significant increase in C:N ratio, indicating that soil organic matter is becoming less N-eutrophic. Importantly, burning annually in spring increased SOC and SON. This unexpected response is attributed to the aluandic (acidic, high organic matter) properties of Drakensberg soils. Burning in autumn did not increase SOC and SON. The lowest C stocks were observed in infrequently burnt plots. Average C sequestration across all fire treatments was 0.30 Mg ha−1 y−1. The observed increase in SOC under frequent fires is contrary to many findings from other studies in grassy ecosystems and notably driven by fire season.","PeriodicalId":50841,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Range & Forage Science","volume":"10 2 1","pages":"44 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81109787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The effect of changes in human drivers on the fire regimes of South African grassland and savanna environments over the past 100 years 在过去的100年里，人类驱动因素对南非草原和稀树草原环境的火灾制度的影响

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2022.2033322

J. Puttick, M. Timm Hoffman, T. O’Connor

{"title":"The effect of changes in human drivers on the fire regimes of South African grassland and savanna environments over the past 100 years","authors":"J. Puttick, M. Timm Hoffman, T. O’Connor","doi":"10.2989/10220119.2022.2033322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2022.2033322","url":null,"abstract":"Fire is a key regulator of tree cover in grassy ecosystems, but century-long changes in fire regimes have not been explicitly quantified in South Africa. This study aimed to determine changes in the fire regimes of South Africa’s grassy biomes over the past century in response to widespread human-induced changes. Using spatially explicit data, we employed random forest models to examine the importance of climatic and human drivers on the extent, frequency and intensity of fire. We then modelled how fire regimes are likely to have changed over the past century using historical trends in key human drivers (population growth, livestock density, road density and land cover change) as inputs. Results showed that human drivers, particularly land transformation and human population density, were important determinants of fire regime. Random forest predictions showed a decline in burnt area (mean of 10.5% in 1910 to 5.1% in 2020), and a shift to fire regimes with smaller burnt areas, longer fire return intervals and lower intensity fires over the past century, particularly in the mesic east. These dynamics have important implications for our understanding of the widespread increases in woody cover observed in the region over this period.","PeriodicalId":50841,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Range & Forage Science","volume":"86 1","pages":"107 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83571263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Sedimentary charcoal studies from southern Africa’s grassy biomes: a potential resource for informing the management of fires and ecosystems 来自南部非洲草地生物群落的沉积木炭研究:为火灾和生态系统管理提供信息的潜在资源

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2021.2016965

Abraham N Dabengwa, S. Archibald, J. Finch, L. Scott, L. Gillson, W. Bond

引用次数: 2

Historic changes in the fire-rainfall relationship at a woodland-savanna transition zone in southern Africa 非洲南部林地-稀树草原过渡地带火-雨关系的历史变化

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2022.2030408

T. Hamilton, S. Archibald, S. Woodborne

{"title":"Historic changes in the fire-rainfall relationship at a woodland-savanna transition zone in southern Africa","authors":"T. Hamilton, S. Archibald, S. Woodborne","doi":"10.2989/10220119.2022.2030408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2022.2030408","url":null,"abstract":"Southern Africa is dominated by fire-prone arid and semi-arid landscapes that are expected to experience increased maximum temperatures, rainfall variation and frequency of extreme rainfall events in the future. These conditions will affect fire and vegetation dynamics, but feedback and interactions among fire, rainfall and woody cover limit our ability to predict future ecosystem changes. Moreover, human activities can also drive changes in these components and their interactions. There are few long-term datasets available to monitor these changes over ecologically relevant time-scales. Here the combined analysis of a rainfall proxy, developed from a baobab tree core (Adansonia digitata) and fire proxy, from a sediment core, in the savanna-woodland transition zone in South Central Africa elucidates the history of two major drivers of savanna structure for the past 600 years. They show a system that oscillates between wooded and grassy vegetation states over time, as well as a change in the spatial scale of fires, which could be linked to human activities and recent fire management legislation.","PeriodicalId":50841,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Range & Forage Science","volume":"100 1","pages":"70 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80308287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

A historical perspective on fire research in East and Southern African grasslands and savannas 东非和南部非洲草原和稀树草原火灾研究的历史视角

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2022.2028187

Simon Pooley

引用次数: 2

Biogeographical patterns of grasses (Poaceae) indigenous to South Africa, Lesotho and Eswatini 南非、莱索托和斯威士兰原产于禾本科植物的生物地理格局

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2021.1918247

M. Trytsman, Francuois L Muller, C. Morris, A. E. van Wyk

{"title":"Biogeographical patterns of grasses (Poaceae) indigenous to South Africa, Lesotho and Eswatini","authors":"M. Trytsman, Francuois L Muller, C. Morris, A. E. van Wyk","doi":"10.2989/10220119.2021.1918247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2021.1918247","url":null,"abstract":"The ecological and economical importance of African grasses in sustaining animal production prompted studies to quantify the wealth of grass genetic resources indigenous to southern Africa. Plant collection and occurrence data were extracted from two southern African datasets, BODATSA and PHYTOBAS, and analysed to establish biogeographical patterns in the grass flora indigenous to South Africa, Lesotho and Eswatini. A total of 1 648 quarter degree grid cells, representing 674 grass species, were used in an agglomerative hierarchical clustering to determine biogeographical units being referred to as grasschoria. Six distinct groups formed, mainly following existing biome vegetation units, termed the Grassland, Indian Ocean Coastal Belt, Fynbos, Savanna, Central Arid Region and Succulent Karoo grasschoria. The description focuses on associated phytochoria, floristic links, key species, climate and soil properties. The main gradient distinguishing grasschoria was a rainfall-temperature gradient. The collection, conservation and breeding of pasture grass species adapted to especially arid and semi-arid environments, could be managed more efficiently by using these results, but also calling on the need to describe and label infraspecific genetic variants, including ecotypes.","PeriodicalId":50841,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Range & Forage Science","volume":"13 1","pages":"S73 - S89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87765377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Germination performance of different forage grass species at different salinity (NaCl) concentrations 不同牧草品种在不同盐度(NaCl)浓度下的萌发性能

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2021.2000025

M. Mangwane, I. Madakadze, FV Nherera-Chokuda, S. Dube, M. Mndela

{"title":"Germination performance of different forage grass species at different salinity (NaCl) concentrations","authors":"M. Mangwane, I. Madakadze, FV Nherera-Chokuda, S. Dube, M. Mndela","doi":"10.2989/10220119.2021.2000025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2021.2000025","url":null,"abstract":"Certain grasses show potential for the rehabilitation of coalmine spoils. Species selection and evaluation are used to guide the choice of the most appropriate grass species. This study evaluated the germination performance of seven forage grass species, with some represented by two varieties, under varying salinity conditions of 0 (distilled H2O), 100, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1 000 mS m−1 of NaCl. Cumulative germination, final germination percentage (FG%), and time taken to reach 50% of the final germination (T50) were determined for each species–treatment combination. Species × salinity interaction was significant (p < 0.01) for cumulative germination, FG% and T50. Cumulative germination increased gradually up to 17 days and thereafter declined. The highest FG% for all grass species was attained under distilled water (0 mS m−1), ranging from 38% to 94%, and declined significantly (p < 0.01) with an increase in salinity. T50 increased with increasing salinity for all grass species. Eragrostis curvula var. Ermelo and Lolium multiflorum var. Archie were the quickest to germinate and attained significantly (p < 0.01) higher values of FG%, of 45% and 50%, respectively, at 600 mS m−1, indicating higher salt tolerance than the other species. Overall, increasing salinity reduced the germination performance of all grass species tested; however, Archie and Ermelo showed higher potential for rehabilitation of coalmine spoils irrigated with saline water.","PeriodicalId":50841,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Range & Forage Science","volume":"128 1","pages":"S98 - S103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87956409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Shaping Addo: The Story of a South African National Park 塑造阿多:南非国家公园的故事

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2021-12-02 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2021.2005146

P. Novellie

引用次数: 1

Changes in plant vegetation structure and diversity with distance from herder shelters in the Middle Atlas Mountains 中阿特拉斯山脉植物植被结构和多样性随离牧区距离的变化

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2021-11-26 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2021.1965026

A. El Aich, S. Ghassan, C. Alados, S. El Aayadi, L. Baamal

{"title":"Changes in plant vegetation structure and diversity with distance from herder shelters in the Middle Atlas Mountains","authors":"A. El Aich, S. Ghassan, C. Alados, S. El Aayadi, L. Baamal","doi":"10.2989/10220119.2021.1965026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2021.1965026","url":null,"abstract":"Livestock grazing intensity gradients associated with sheep holder shelters influenced the longevity of rangelands vegetation. This study aimed to examine the effects of livestock grazing pressure on vegetation structure and diversity with distance from herder shelters. Six shelters were sampled. From each herder shelter, a grazing gradient was set aligned to the contour lines. Along each grazing gradient, we surveyed seven 100-m transects between 10 and 800 m from the herder shelter. The standing crop biomass (dry matter = DM) along the gradient from the shelters, bare soil, cover of vegetation functional groups and plant species diversity were determined using the point intercept method along each transect. Bare soil cover increased as we approached herder shelter. The total standing crop biomass (DM) (in g DM m−2) increased with the distance from the shelter. Shrub biomass decreased when approaching shelters, as so did the percentage of shrub cover. Cover of perennial forbs and grass also increased with distance from shelter, whereas annual cover increased as we approached the shelter. Species richness and diversity increased when moving away from the shelter. Changes in vegetation structure were not linear. Strong changes were detectable within the first 200 m, whereas little responses were found behind this threshold. The 200 m threshold should be used to monitor the main keystone species that preserved these rangelands.","PeriodicalId":50841,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Range & Forage Science","volume":"36 1","pages":"159 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82452552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of three soil health indicators between different vegetative strip compositions 不同植被带组成土壤健康指标的比较

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2021-11-26 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2021.2001570

Robyn Nicolay, S. Jeffery, N. Randall

引用次数: 1