African Journal of Range & Forage Science最新文献_第5页

Performance of goats browsing on Vachellia karroo encroached communal lands and open grasslands in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa 在南非东开普省，山羊在Vachellia karroo侵占公共土地和开阔草原上觅食

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2023-02-10 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2022.2123856

W. Maguraushe, J. Mupangwa, S. Washaya, V. Muchenje

{"title":"Performance of goats browsing on Vachellia karroo encroached communal lands and open grasslands in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa","authors":"W. Maguraushe, J. Mupangwa, S. Washaya, V. Muchenje","doi":"10.2989/10220119.2022.2123856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2022.2123856","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of season, rangeland type, and herd size on the performance of goat browsing. A total of eighty communal household goat herds from Mbashe and Nkonkobe municipalities were monitored for twelve months. The effect of season, rangeland type and herd size on average daily gain (ADG), body condition score (BCS), body weight (BW), births, purchases, sales, deaths, goat production potential (GPP) and goat production efficiency (GPE) were evaluated. The Mbashe community was regarded to represent open grassland, while the Nkonkobe community represented the Vachellia karroo encroached rangeland. Approximately 1 560 goats of all classes were monitored. Results showed that more entries, births and sales, but fewer deaths, were recorded in V. karroo encroached rangeland than open grassland for larger herds (p < 0.05). The GPP and GPE were higher in V. karroo encroached rangeland than open grassland for larger than smaller herds (p < 0.05). Goat population dynamics, BW for castrates, sales and GPE were significantly higher among seasons (p < 0.05). It was concluded that larger herds of goats browsing V. karroo performed better in comparison to those that grazed open grasslands, which demonstrates that bush encroachment can benefit goat farming.","PeriodicalId":50841,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Range & Forage Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"85 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73754479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Kraals or bomas increase soil carbon and fertility across several biomes Kraals或bomas增加了几个生物群系的土壤碳和肥力

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2023-02-10 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2022.2148740

Mia Momberg, A. Haw, Perushan Rajah, J. van Rooyen, H. Hawkins

{"title":"Kraals or bomas increase soil carbon and fertility across several biomes","authors":"Mia Momberg, A. Haw, Perushan Rajah, J. van Rooyen, H. Hawkins","doi":"10.2989/10220119.2022.2148740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2022.2148740","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge about how pastoralism and kraaling may contribute to desired global objectives, such as soil fertility, is in danger of being lost. We tested whether short duration kraaling increases soil fertility across various biomes and countries via a meta-analysis (random effects model, n = 12 studies). Kraaling approximately doubled soil concentrations of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and slightly increased pH compared to non-kraaled areas ( p ≤ 0.0158, all meta-analyses). Results support the idea of persistent nutrient hotspots post kraal abandonment as a generalizable phenomenon. Anecdotes from a case study, the Herding 4 Health Model, supported findings. However, inconsistency scores ( I 2 ≥ 90%) indicated that while the average effect size was positive, in some cases the true outcome may in fact be negative. Kraal age did not predict soil fertility in our analysis, possibly due to coarse time intervals. Some studies nevertheless found kraal age to be important, with relatively immobile elements such as P persisting over time while N and K decreased. Using kraals to achieve ‘desirable states’ such as wildlife-livestock coexistence, land restoration, and crop fertilisation will require monitoring, and maintenance of fertility within ecological bounds, ideally with inputs from scientists and pastoralists alike as part of global partnerships.","PeriodicalId":50841,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Range & Forage Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"32 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91362896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Implications of the breakdown in the indigenous knowledge system for rangeland management and policy: a case study from the Eastern Cape in South Africa 土著知识系统崩溃对牧场管理和政策的影响:来自南非东开普省的个案研究

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2023-02-10 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2022.2138973

Andiswa Finca, S. Linnane, J. Slinger, David Getty, M. Igshaan Samuels

{"title":"Implications of the breakdown in the indigenous knowledge system for rangeland management and policy: a case study from the Eastern Cape in South Africa","authors":"Andiswa Finca, S. Linnane, J. Slinger, David Getty, M. Igshaan Samuels","doi":"10.2989/10220119.2022.2138973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2022.2138973","url":null,"abstract":"Communal rangelands in South Africa are generally perceived as overgrazed owing to complexities in their histories and collective utilisation which often leads to improper management. A suitable solution has not been found in land management policies because local people’s contexts and their indigenous knowledge are ignored. Hence, this paper is aimed at (i) assessing the role indigenous knowledge can play in communal rangeland management, (ii) exploring working solutions to incorporate indigenous knowledge into effective communal rangeland management and land use policies, (iii) assessing mechanisms for generational transfer of indigenous knowledge. Findings from the Participatory Geographic Information System (PGIS) and Focus Group Discussion, conducted with Cata and Guquka villages in the Eastern Cape province were synthesised. This revealed that communal farmers have in-depth knowledge of their communal land, past and present rangeland management strategies and changes in rangeland condition. However, there is breakdown in the indigenous knowledge system whereby this knowledge is not being transferred and translated into good rangeland management practice, owing to the ageing population of communal farmers, limited youth involvement in livestock farming and limited access to extension services. This suggests a need for new policy approaches that would include participation of local people in policy planning and development.","PeriodicalId":50841,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Range & Forage Science","volume":"50 1","pages":"47 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83162884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Grasses of East Africa By Dino J Martins 《东非的草》迪诺·J·马丁斯著

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2023-02-08 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2023.2174594

Peter S. Goodman

引用次数: 0

Shepherding is not a shot in the dark: evidence of low predation losses from the Northern Cape province of South Africa 放羊并不是在黑暗中碰运气:南非北开普省的证据表明，被捕食者的损失很少

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2023-02-03 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2022.2156610

H. Hawkins, Liaan Minnie, HN (Walter) van Niekerk, H. de Waal, D. Balfour, G. Kerley

引用次数: 0

The Living Deserts of Southern Africa By Barry Lovegrove 巴里·洛夫格罗夫的《非洲南部的沙漠》

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2022.2156611

J. D. du Toit

引用次数: 0

Associative nitrogen fixation could be common in South African mesic grassland 联合固氮在南非mesic草地中可能很常见

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2022.2145615

Craig D Morris, Danvir R Ramesar, Richard J Burgdorf

{"title":"Associative nitrogen fixation could be common in South African mesic grassland","authors":"Craig D Morris, Danvir R Ramesar, Richard J Burgdorf","doi":"10.2989/10220119.2022.2145615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2022.2145615","url":null,"abstract":"Non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterial diazotrophs closely associated with the roots of grasses probably contribute most of the new nitrogen acquired to sustain productive natural grasslands, yet their ecology is poorly understood, especially in southern Africa. We looked for genetic evidence, using qPCR and gel electrophoresis, for the presence of the bacterial nifH gene associated with the roots of four grass species (20 plants each) in a mesic grassland in South Arica, which would indicate the potential for N fixation by diazotrophs. Grasses most tolerant of low N (Aristida junciformis) were predicted to harbour the most diazotrophs, especially compared to those most responsive to fertiliser N (Eragrostis curvula). However, the nifH gene was found in all 80 root samples and did not differ in copy number between species. Sequencing of a representative sample confirmed the identity of the nifH gene. The recently burned half of the grassland had 60% more relative nifH gene copy numbers than the area burned 15 months previously, suggesting that grass growth stimulated by fire could recruit diazotrophs. Given their ubiquity and importance in the N economy of grasslands, research is required to characterise root-associated diazotroph communities, quantify their N fixation rates, and understand their environmental controls.","PeriodicalId":50841,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Range & Forage Science","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138542315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Grazing capacity change on a small Mediterranean-type South African offshore island following the control of invasive alien European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 控制外来入侵欧洲兔(Oryctolagus cuniculus)后，南非地中海型近海小岛放牧能力的变化

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2022.2125577

Thabisisani Ndhlovu, Z. Tsvuura, K. Esler

引用次数: 0

The influence of grass competition and soil moisture on the growth and phenology of Karoo shrubs in the Eastern Upper Karoo 牧草竞争和土壤水分对上卡鲁东部卡鲁灌木生长和物候的影响

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2022-11-16 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2022.2120535

L. Hebbelmann, T. O’Connor, J. D. du Toit

{"title":"The influence of grass competition and soil moisture on the growth and phenology of Karoo shrubs in the Eastern Upper Karoo","authors":"L. Hebbelmann, T. O’Connor, J. D. du Toit","doi":"10.2989/10220119.2022.2120535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2022.2120535","url":null,"abstract":"Rainfall in the Nama-Karoo is sporadic and a plant’s ability to access and utilise available soil moisture will determine its ability to persist in the system and to successfully recruit. When summer rainfall in the Eastern Karoo increases, grassiness increases at the expense of shrub canopy cover. This may drive a transition from shrubland toward grassland. The effect of grass–shrub competition on shrub growth and phenology in the Eastern Karoo is not adequately explained by the root–niche separation hypothesis or the succession hypothesis. In an experiment, we measured shrub growth and phenology in the absence (clipping treatment) and presence (control treatment) of grass over the 2017/2018 rainfall season. Grass clipping changed grass species composition over this period, but grass clipping did not benefit shrubs. We found no competitive effect of grasses on shrubs. However, shrub canopy cover showed a strong linear response to soil moisture, as did canopy cover to temperature. Similarly, soil moisture and temperature were important for stem growth and shrub phenology. Patterns of shrub growth and phenology in response to summer and winter rainfall provide important insight for land managers for optimising production while enabling phenological processes that allow recruitment to take place.","PeriodicalId":50841,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Range & Forage Science","volume":"104 1","pages":"298 - 309"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80487040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Histological arrangements of plant tissue of different elephant grasses as influenced by their genotypes 不同象草基因型对植物组织组织结构的影响

IF 1.4 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Range & Forage Science Pub Date : 2022-11-11 DOI: 10.2989/10220119.2022.2135592

Thaíse Virgínia Freire Ramos Peixoto, Alexandre Carneiro Leão de Mello, Mércia Virginia Ferreira dos Santos, Márcio Vieira da Cunha, Rejane Magalhães de Mendonça Pimentel, Luiz Henrique Gonçalves da Silva, Djalma Euzébio Simões Filho, Janerson José Coelho

{"title":"Histological arrangements of plant tissue of different elephant grasses as influenced by their genotypes","authors":"Thaíse Virgínia Freire Ramos Peixoto, Alexandre Carneiro Leão de Mello, Mércia Virginia Ferreira dos Santos, Márcio Vieira da Cunha, Rejane Magalhães de Mendonça Pimentel, Luiz Henrique Gonçalves da Silva, Djalma Euzébio Simões Filho, Janerson José Coelho","doi":"10.2989/10220119.2022.2135592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2022.2135592","url":null,"abstract":"Elephant grass genotypes display a variety of morphological differences, influencing the nutritive value of the forage. This study evaluated the histological arrangements of the leaves and stems of different elephant-grass genotypes, two tall-sized (Elephant B and IRI-381) and two dwarfs (Mott and Taiwan A-146 2.37), during a two-year trial. The grasses were harvested at 60-day intervals for two years. Biometric analyses of the stems and leaves were performed based on histological measurements. An in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) assay of the forage was performed. Among the elephant grass genotypes, the lignified cells and vascular bundles of the stems had higher variation than the leaves. Tall-sized genotypes displayed more lignified tissues in stems than the dwarfs. The transversal area occupied by vascular bundles and lignified cells were higher in Elephant B (44 911 μm2 and 35 895 μm2) (p < 0.05), compared to the dwarfs. Forage IVDMD was higher in leaves (699 g kg−1 of dry matter [DM]) than in the stems (678 g kg−1 of DM), considering all genotypes (p < 0.05). We did not observe any direct influence of genotype on forage digestibility, despite some differences in the histological arrangements.","PeriodicalId":50841,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Range & Forage Science","volume":"30 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138513581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2