Animal BehaviourPub Date : 2025-02-27DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123116
Joshua Coste , Stephen C. Votier , Ruth E. Dunn , Robin Freeman , Malcolm A. Nicoll , Peter Carr , Hannah Wood , Alice M. Trevail
{"title":"Homing navigation is optimized to diurnal constraints in a tropical seabird, the red-footed booby","authors":"Joshua Coste , Stephen C. Votier , Ruth E. Dunn , Robin Freeman , Malcolm A. Nicoll , Peter Carr , Hannah Wood , Alice M. Trevail","doi":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When navigating homewards, central-place foragers can use landmarks and sun angle to adjust their return movement behaviour. However, for tropical oceanic species foraging from low-lying atolls, the effectiveness of their homing journeys on their time returns remains unclear. Thus, in this study, the navigation behaviour of red-footed boobies, <em>Sula sula rubripes</em>, in the Chagos Archipelago, central Indian Ocean, was investigated. Using GPS tracking data from 207 breeding adults across four colonies, the homing duration, bearing and trajectory straightness during central-place foraging were explored to elucidate the navigational constraints and temporal dynamics. Return distances and orientations were modelled in relation to the time of day and distance to the colony to assess whether birds adjust their homing behaviour to return before dusk. We found that red-footed boobies navigated efficiently back to their colony on fast, straight and direct flights and adjusted their homing behaviour to arrive at the colony around dusk: the closer to the evening twilight they start their homing journey, the shorter, faster and more direct their routes become. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of seabird navigation in tropical environments, as well as insights into the adaptive mechanism underlying successful navigation over expansive oceanic territories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50788,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behaviour","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 123116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Animal BehaviourPub Date : 2025-02-24DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123105
Mackenzie A. Scurka , Julien G.A. Martin , Daniel T. Blumstein
{"title":"The heritability of fear: decomposing sources of variation in marmot flight initiation distance","authors":"Mackenzie A. Scurka , Julien G.A. Martin , Daniel T. Blumstein","doi":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A variety of intrinsic and extrinsic factors shape an animal's antipredator behaviour. Flight initiation distance (FID) is a common way to evaluate antipredator behaviour and is used to assess an individual's shyness or boldness. Numerous FID studies, in a variety of taxa, have shown that FID is a decision that is sensitive to both the costs and benefits of flight. While there is some evidence that individuals may have repeatable FIDs, and there are several genes associated with FID (<em>DRD4</em> and <em>SERT</em>), few studies have quantified the genetic variance of FID. Knowledge of genetic basis permits us to understand the evolutionary potential of a trait within a population, and heritable variation is yet another mechanism that enables animals to respond to a dynamically changing world. Here we conducted a variance decomposition analysis using the quantitative genetic mixed model (i.e. the ‘animal model’) to identify the degree to which genetic and nongenetic factors explained variation in FID within a population of wild yellow-bellied marmots, <em>Marmota flaviventer</em>. Within our 18-year data set of individually marked individuals, we found significant heritable variation for FID that we estimated at 0.15. These results demonstrate that genetics, in addition to environmental factors, influence an animal's fear response. Understanding evolvability and plasticity of FID could have important implications for conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50788,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behaviour","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 123105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Animal BehaviourPub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123111
Maisa Sekizawa , Nobuyuki Kutsukake
{"title":"Influence of proximate individuals on self-scratching behaviour in wild Japanese macaques","authors":"Maisa Sekizawa , Nobuyuki Kutsukake","doi":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In group-living animals, it is important to understand how individuals perceive the quality of social relationships because it subsequently affects their decision-making during social interactions. One way to assess how individuals perceive the quality of social relationships is to examine contexts and social factors affecting individuals' stress levels. In this study, we aimed to examine the influence of individuals in proximity (within 1 m) on stress levels during resting and foraging behaviour in wild Japanese macaques, <em>Macaca fuscata</em>, on Kinkazan Island, Japan. We collected data on self-scratching, a behavioural indicator of stress, from 11 adult females across 58 days. During rest, the frequency of self-scratching was higher in the absence of proximate individuals than in their presence. However, social relationships between the focal individual and a proximate female did not affect the frequency of self-scratching. In contrast, during foraging, there was no significant difference between the frequency of self-scratching in the absence and the presence of proximate individuals. However, the frequency of self-scratching was higher in proximity to a related female than in proximity to an unrelated female. These results suggest that stress levels due to proximity to other individuals are influenced by the focal individual’s activity. Furthermore, these results indicate that foraging competition among related individuals and spatial separation from other individuals is one of the causes of stress in this species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50788,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behaviour","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 123111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Animal BehaviourPub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123114
Samyuktha Rajan, Lan Ma, Mario Gallego-Abenza, Fanny-Linn H. Kraft, David Wheatcroft
{"title":"Geographical variation in parental calls contextually shapes nestling songbird responses","authors":"Samyuktha Rajan, Lan Ma, Mario Gallego-Abenza, Fanny-Linn H. Kraft, David Wheatcroft","doi":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In species expressing parental care, juveniles often utilize cues from their parents to distinguish between safe and dangerous situations. For example, nestling songbirds beg in response to parental feeding cues but stop vocalizing in response to parental alarm calls. Previous studies have shown that nestling birds discriminate between calls of their own and other species. However, it is unknown whether and how nestlings discriminate call variation across populations within their own species. Adult pied flycatchers, <em>Ficedula hypoleuca</em>, produce acoustically identical calls at a fast rate when a predator is nearby, and slowly during feeding visits, potentially signalling the level of danger near the nest. Taking advantage of this functional duality, our study examines whether nestling discrimination of call variation across populations depends on the context in which they are produced. In response to rapidly repeated predator-associated calls, we found that nestlings reduced begging activity similarly, whether calls were from local or foreign populations. Conversely, in response to slowly repeated feeding-associated calls, nestlings begged more in response to local than foreign conspecific calls. Our results show that nestlings discriminate within-species call variation but adjust their response threshold depending on the call context, which we argue may optimize their begging activity in order to get fed, while simultaneously avoiding predation. This study underscores the importance of studying the effects of within-species variation in nonmating signals, such as calls, on songbird behaviour.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50788,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behaviour","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 123114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Animal BehaviourPub Date : 2025-02-20DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123112
Andreia Figueiredo Dexheimer , Aimee Sue Dunlap
{"title":"Prepared learning in plant–pollinator interactions","authors":"Andreia Figueiredo Dexheimer , Aimee Sue Dunlap","doi":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Animal pollinators, from insects to vertebrates, gather information about their environment in the form of floral cues and signals and use this information to make decisions. Plant traits such as colours, patterns, scents and shapes can influence pollinator behaviour, leading to the development of preferences and biases and the evolution of prepared learning, and these can work in both appetitive and aversive ways. Aspects of pollinator sensory and cognitive systems and their resulting behaviours are evolving in response to plant traits, which are in turn evolving in response to pollinator behaviour and sensory abilities. In this paper, we propose prepared learning as a framework for studying animal learning within pollination systems. Prepared learning is an established conceptual framework that proposes that animals learn some associations better than others due to an evolved match with the environment. Prepared learning can be a useful evolutionary strategy for animals because they are not attending to all the cues, thus hindering learning. We offer a brief history of the concept, explore examples of prepared learning in pollination and outline ideas for the design of field and laboratory studies, suggesting future directions for the field. Our proposed framework provides us with information needed to predict patterns of prepared learning in pollinators. By studying prepared learning in plant–pollinator interactions, we gain a better understanding of learning in an ecologically and evolutionarily relevant context and can test long unresolved questions about preparedness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50788,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behaviour","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 123112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Animal BehaviourPub Date : 2025-02-19DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123104
Jay J. Falk , Carl T. Bergstrom , Kevin J.S. Zollman , Alejandro Rico-Guevara
{"title":"Partial honesty in a hummingbird polymorphism provides evidence for a hybrid equilibrium","authors":"Jay J. Falk , Carl T. Bergstrom , Kevin J.S. Zollman , Alejandro Rico-Guevara","doi":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Animal signals, while informative, are unlikely to be entirely reliable. Models of such partially honest communication have traditionally taken the form of ‘honest-enough’ signalling, in which a subset of signallers can signal at lower cost and therefore exaggerate their perceived ability or condition. Although support for these models has been demonstrated, alternatives are rarely tested in nature. Recent theory has highlighted an alternative model that also results in partial reliability, yet functions through a different mechanism. In so-called hybrid equilibria, all signallers pay the same costs given their condition, yet low-quality signallers sometimes spoof the high-quality signal, which receivers sometimes heed and sometimes ignore. Although theoretically well established, documentation of hybrid equilibria in nature is rare. Here, using previously collected behavioural data from the field and literature, we detail a game-theoretic model based on the natural history of hummingbirds. We demonstrate that an unusual female plumage polymorphism found in these birds is best explained as a hybrid equilibrium. In addition to explaining the persistence of polymorphism, the model also offers testable parameters that may predict the wide range of sex variation in plumage found across hummingbirds and other taxa, including bright and dull monomorphism and sexual dimorphism. Ultimately, our findings show that intersexual mimicry can be modelled as a hybrid equilibrium, that hybrid signals likely exist in nature, and that there is the need for a greater diversity of models to explain stable communication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50788,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behaviour","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 123104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Animal BehaviourPub Date : 2025-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123098
Hanna M. Butler-Struben , Alexis M. Black , Sophia M. Wright , Alicia F. Dye , Brian C. Trainor
{"title":"Acute and vicarious effects of social defeat stress on social behaviour in California mice, Peromyscus californicus","authors":"Hanna M. Butler-Struben , Alexis M. Black , Sophia M. Wright , Alicia F. Dye , Brian C. Trainor","doi":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agonistic social interactions are a significant source of stress across many species. Stress responses can have adverse effects on the brain and body, so avoiding stressful social situations can be advantageous. There is increasing evidence that, in social species, individuals can detect threatening social situations by observing others in their social group, a phenomenon referred to as social contagion. In this study, we tested the extent to which olfactory cues or physical interactions are used to transmit stressful states in California mice. We found that a single episode of social defeat reduced social approach and increased social vigilance in both male and female mice. This result is unlike previous studies that examined the long-term effects of social stress in California mice, in which the effects of stress on social behaviour were stronger in females. Neither volatile nor nonvolatile olfactory cues from stressed individuals were sufficient to alter the behaviour of familiar cagemates. In a second experiment on male California mice, we observed that mice that witnessed defeat and physically interacted with a defeated cagemate showed reduced approach to a novel empty cage. Effects were weaker in social contexts. These results suggest that, in California mice, more direct interactions with a stressed individual are required to induce social contagion effects. These results have important implications for how social defeat research is conducted and informs future studies to examine differences in activation of neural circuitry between males and females.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50788,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behaviour","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 123098"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Animal BehaviourPub Date : 2025-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123103
Daniel T. Blumstein , Caleb J. Velasquez , Katie A. Adler , Julien G.A. Martin
{"title":"Is the propensity to alarm-call heritable and related across multiple contexts?","authors":"Daniel T. Blumstein , Caleb J. Velasquez , Katie A. Adler , Julien G.A. Martin","doi":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anbehav.2025.123103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alarm calling is an important antipredator behaviour by which individuals alert conspecifics and heterospecifics of possible danger and/or ward off potential predators. The propensity to utter calls may reflect the amount of risk an individual experiences and a variety of other internal and environmental factors that may be context and species specific. However, whether the propensity to utter alarm calls is heritable has not been studied. Using a quantitative genetic animal model, we estimated the heritability of alarm calling in yellow-bellied marmots, <em>Marmota flaviventer</em>. We found significant heritability in the propensity to utter naturally elicited alarm calls (0.06) and trap-elicited alarm calls when marmots were trapped (0.21). There was a small but significant genetic correlation between these traits (0.338). Together, these results show that the propensity to utter alarm calls is individually variable and context dependent and can evolve in response to natural selection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50788,"journal":{"name":"Animal Behaviour","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 123103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}