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Machine learning techniques for flood forecasting 洪水预报的机器学习技术
Journal of Hydroinformatics Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2024.208
Fayrouz Abd Alkareem Hadi, Lariyah Mohd Sidek, Gasim Hayder Ahmed Salih, H. Basri, S. S. Sammen, Norlida Mohd Dom, Zaharifudin Muhamad Ali, Ali Najah Ahmed
{"title":"Machine learning techniques for flood forecasting","authors":"Fayrouz Abd Alkareem Hadi, Lariyah Mohd Sidek, Gasim Hayder Ahmed Salih, H. Basri, S. S. Sammen, Norlida Mohd Dom, Zaharifudin Muhamad Ali, Ali Najah Ahmed","doi":"10.2166/hydro.2024.208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2024.208","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The overarching goal of this research article is to examine the significant roles and substantial practicalities of artificial intelligence models in leading high-performance and accurate flood forecasting procedures. The Dungun River served as a case study. The forecasting procedure was implemented for two time spans: (1) the present period (1986–2000) and (2) the near future interval (2020–2030). Advanced machine learning algorithms engaged in this process were logistic regression, K-nearest neighbors, support vector classifier, Naive Bayes, decision tree, random forest, and artificial neural network. The results revealed that between 1986 and 2000, there would be an average of 18–55 floods around the Dungun River. Floods occurred rarely before 1985. Floods have been common since 2000. There have been about 35 floods annually on average since 2000. Meanwhile, it is predicted that between 2020 and 2030, the number of flooding events will grow due to climate change impacts on the Dungun River Basin. The maximum frequency of flooding was measured at 110 occurrences at a rainfall of 250 mm. The accuracy of the random forest was 75.61%, followed by the K-nearest neighbor at 73.17%. The accuracy of the logistic regression was the lowest (48.78%). Overall, the artificial neural networks models had a satisfying mean accuracy of 90.85%.","PeriodicalId":507813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydroinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140427292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Estimating critical depth and discharge over sloping rough end depth using machine learning 利用机器学习估算临界深度和倾斜糙面末端深度的排水量
Journal of Hydroinformatics Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2024.242
Ahmed Y. Mohammed, P. Sihag
{"title":"Estimating critical depth and discharge over sloping rough end depth using machine learning","authors":"Ahmed Y. Mohammed, P. Sihag","doi":"10.2166/hydro.2024.242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2024.242","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study uses machine learning (ML) to predict the end-depth structure's discharge and critical depth (yc). Linear regression, M5P, random forest, random tree, reduced error pruning tree, and Gaussian process (GP) are the ML methods used in this investigation. The findings indicate that the radial kernel function-based GP model is most suitable compared to other applied models with the lowest root-mean-square error = 0.0021, 0.007, normalized root-mean-square error = 0.0361, 0.0516 representing mean absolute error = 0.0015, 0.004 and the highest coefficient of correlation = 0.9912, 0.9916, Legates and McCabe's index = 0.8839, 0.9026 Willmott's index = 0.9956, 0.9956, and Nash Sutcliffe model efficiency = 0.9823, 09830 for yc for the end-depth structure (yc) and discharge (Q) with the testing stage, respectively. Results of the sensitivity study indicate that the friction coefficient is the most significant input variable compared to other parameters for predicting (yc) and flow running via the thickness model's last stage (Q) using this dataset.","PeriodicalId":507813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydroinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140428246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Smart River Information Services in managing Nile river navigation system 尼罗河航运系统管理中的智能河流信息服务
Journal of Hydroinformatics Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2024.237
Noha Kamal
{"title":"Smart River Information Services in managing Nile river navigation system","authors":"Noha Kamal","doi":"10.2166/hydro.2024.237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2024.237","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 In terms of the significance of incorporating smart techniques into large river navigation systems to increase inland navigation competitiveness, this article introduces the development of smart River Information Services (RIS) in Egypt based on smart information and communication technologies as real-time tracking systems, Open Geographic Information Systems, and Nile River Information Systems, as well as proposes measures to tackle the challenges that may be faced, compared with experiences and knowledge of RIS in large river smart navigation systems. This comparison creates new frameworks for the future development of using smart technology in inland waterways in Egypt. It could be concluded that advanced navigation technologies and infrastructures are still being developed in Egypt and are not yet available. Almost all of Egypt's Vessel Traffic Services station equipment and applications are imported from Europe. Undoubtedly, there will be at least a 5- to 10-year time lag for Egypt to develop independent RIS to its full extent. It is necessary to keep good cooperation with the European and Chinese inland sector and refer to their experience and knowledge.","PeriodicalId":507813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydroinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140437820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development and application of a mathematical model for calculating the discharge of non-standard thin-plate weirs in urban combined sewer overflow systems: a case study 城市污水合流溢流系统中非标准薄板堰排放计算数学模型的开发与应用:案例研究
Journal of Hydroinformatics Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2024.094
Ming Tang, Yuze Wu, Qianchen Xie, Hui Chen, Wenbin Xu
{"title":"Development and application of a mathematical model for calculating the discharge of non-standard thin-plate weirs in urban combined sewer overflow systems: a case study","authors":"Ming Tang, Yuze Wu, Qianchen Xie, Hui Chen, Wenbin Xu","doi":"10.2166/hydro.2024.094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2024.094","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The aim of this study is to address the issue of difficulty in evaluating the combined sewer overflow (CSO) pollution effectively, especially for the monitoring of overflow from non-standard thin-plate weirs (NTPWs). In order to construct a discharge calculation mathematical model (DCMM) of NTPWs in an urban combined sewer overflow system (UCSOS), which can be used to construct a real-time monitoring and early warning system, a physical model constructed firstly for obtaining hydraulic characteristic sets under three flow conditions (free, submerged, pressurized flow). Then, the coefficient function expressions are obtained under three flow conditions through genetic algorithm (GA) fitting, and a DCMM of UCSOS is established subsequently. The results indicate that DCMM exhibits high accuracy, with mean relative error (MRE) at 0.0326, root mean square error (RMSE) at 1.569, and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) coefficient at 0.9387. The DCMM can not only evaluate the discharge capacity under different flow conditions, but also be used to realize reliable and convenient discharge monitoring. Although the DCMM constructed in this case is not universal, the modeling method of combining physical models with GA is an effective new approach to evaluate the discharge capacity of NTPW, which also holds value for application in other cities.","PeriodicalId":507813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydroinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139782877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development and application of a mathematical model for calculating the discharge of non-standard thin-plate weirs in urban combined sewer overflow systems: a case study 城市污水合流溢流系统中非标准薄板堰排放计算数学模型的开发与应用:案例研究
Journal of Hydroinformatics Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2024.094
Ming Tang, Yuze Wu, Qianchen Xie, Hui Chen, Wenbin Xu
{"title":"Development and application of a mathematical model for calculating the discharge of non-standard thin-plate weirs in urban combined sewer overflow systems: a case study","authors":"Ming Tang, Yuze Wu, Qianchen Xie, Hui Chen, Wenbin Xu","doi":"10.2166/hydro.2024.094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2024.094","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The aim of this study is to address the issue of difficulty in evaluating the combined sewer overflow (CSO) pollution effectively, especially for the monitoring of overflow from non-standard thin-plate weirs (NTPWs). In order to construct a discharge calculation mathematical model (DCMM) of NTPWs in an urban combined sewer overflow system (UCSOS), which can be used to construct a real-time monitoring and early warning system, a physical model constructed firstly for obtaining hydraulic characteristic sets under three flow conditions (free, submerged, pressurized flow). Then, the coefficient function expressions are obtained under three flow conditions through genetic algorithm (GA) fitting, and a DCMM of UCSOS is established subsequently. The results indicate that DCMM exhibits high accuracy, with mean relative error (MRE) at 0.0326, root mean square error (RMSE) at 1.569, and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) coefficient at 0.9387. The DCMM can not only evaluate the discharge capacity under different flow conditions, but also be used to realize reliable and convenient discharge monitoring. Although the DCMM constructed in this case is not universal, the modeling method of combining physical models with GA is an effective new approach to evaluate the discharge capacity of NTPW, which also holds value for application in other cities.","PeriodicalId":507813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydroinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139842852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An enhanced method for automated end-use classification of household water data 家庭用水数据最终用途自动分类的改进方法
Journal of Hydroinformatics Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2024.125
Filippo Mazzoni, E. J. M. Blokker, S. Alvisi, M. Franchini
{"title":"An enhanced method for automated end-use classification of household water data","authors":"Filippo Mazzoni, E. J. M. Blokker, S. Alvisi, M. Franchini","doi":"10.2166/hydro.2024.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2024.125","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 An accurate estimation of residential end uses of water is helpful in developing efficient water systems. If not obtainable through direct metering, this information can be gathered by disaggregating and classifying household-level water-use data. However, most automated techniques require fine-resolution data (e.g., 1 s) and end-use parameters which may be unavailable to water utilities. To fill the above gap, this study presents a method for the automated disaggregation and classification of indoor water-use data collected at the 1-min temporal resolution, and by exclusively relying on the end-use parameter values available in the literature. Specifically, the features of each water-use event detected at the household level are compared against the most common event features for the selected end-use category. The results obtained by testing the method with real data collected at 14 households in two different countries (Italy and the Netherlands) confirm its potential in disaggregating and classifying water end-use events with an average accuracy higher than 90% and an average (normalized) root-mean-square lower than 0.06 despite the lack of information about end uses in individual households. This demonstrates that end-use detection is possible even with data whose resolution is closer to that of most commercial water meters.","PeriodicalId":507813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydroinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139869527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An enhanced method for automated end-use classification of household water data 家庭用水数据最终用途自动分类的改进方法
Journal of Hydroinformatics Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2024.125
Filippo Mazzoni, E. J. M. Blokker, S. Alvisi, M. Franchini
{"title":"An enhanced method for automated end-use classification of household water data","authors":"Filippo Mazzoni, E. J. M. Blokker, S. Alvisi, M. Franchini","doi":"10.2166/hydro.2024.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2024.125","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 An accurate estimation of residential end uses of water is helpful in developing efficient water systems. If not obtainable through direct metering, this information can be gathered by disaggregating and classifying household-level water-use data. However, most automated techniques require fine-resolution data (e.g., 1 s) and end-use parameters which may be unavailable to water utilities. To fill the above gap, this study presents a method for the automated disaggregation and classification of indoor water-use data collected at the 1-min temporal resolution, and by exclusively relying on the end-use parameter values available in the literature. Specifically, the features of each water-use event detected at the household level are compared against the most common event features for the selected end-use category. The results obtained by testing the method with real data collected at 14 households in two different countries (Italy and the Netherlands) confirm its potential in disaggregating and classifying water end-use events with an average accuracy higher than 90% and an average (normalized) root-mean-square lower than 0.06 despite the lack of information about end uses in individual households. This demonstrates that end-use detection is possible even with data whose resolution is closer to that of most commercial water meters.","PeriodicalId":507813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydroinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139809668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A two-dimensional hydrodynamic urban flood model based on equivalent drainage of manholes 基于沙井等效排水的二维水动力城市洪水模型
Journal of Hydroinformatics Pub Date : 2024-01-23 DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2024.240
Mengshi Xiang, Shanghong Zhang, Chuansen Wu, Taihong Tang
{"title":"A two-dimensional hydrodynamic urban flood model based on equivalent drainage of manholes","authors":"Mengshi Xiang, Shanghong Zhang, Chuansen Wu, Taihong Tang","doi":"10.2166/hydro.2024.240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2024.240","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Numerical simulations of urban flood events are of great significance in flood control and disaster reduction. An important part of these numerical investigations concerns drainage, which is crucial to the accuracy of the simulation results. To overcome the difficulty of obtaining underground pipe network data and improve the traditional equivalent drainage simulation method, an equivalent drainage model based on manholes is proposed, to simulate urban flooding based on a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model. The new model is applied to a classic case and the simulation results are compared with those from the MIKE URBAN model to verify the simulation accuracy of the proposed formulation. The submerged areas given by the two models are compared under different rainfall conditions, with an average relative error of 6%. The differences in water depths at various nodes are statistically analyzed, and the average Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency and average root mean square error are found to be 96% and 0.03 m, respectively. The results of this research provide effective urban flood simulation in areas lacking pipe network data and have important significance for promoting the practical application of refined numerical simulations of urban flooding.","PeriodicalId":507813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydroinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139605068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Generation of harmonised pluvial flood hazard maps through decentralised analytics 通过分散分析生成统一的冲积洪水灾害地图
Journal of Hydroinformatics Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2024.257
Sascha Welten, Adrian Holt, Julian Hofmann, Sven Weber, Elena-Maria Klopries, Holger Schüttrumpf, Stefan Decker
{"title":"Generation of harmonised pluvial flood hazard maps through decentralised analytics","authors":"Sascha Welten, Adrian Holt, Julian Hofmann, Sven Weber, Elena-Maria Klopries, Holger Schüttrumpf, Stefan Decker","doi":"10.2166/hydro.2024.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2024.257","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Increasing extreme weather events pose significant challenges in hydrology, requiring tools for preparedness and prediction of intense rainfall impacts, especially flash floods. Current risk reduction measures for pluvial flood risk management rely on flood hazard maps, but inconsistencies in transregional standards that are used for risk assessment hinder cross-regional comparisons. While there are existing guidelines for the development of pluvial flood hazard maps, there is still a lack of holistic modelling systems that enable harmonised predictions of the impacts of heavy rainfall events. Furthermore, sensitive city data (e.g., critical infrastructure, sewer network) exist in many municipalities, which cannot be readily disclosed for modelling purposes. In this work, we propose an approach using distributed analytics to distribute computation commands to existing hydrodynamic models at different locations. In combination with harmonising model adapters, we enable the generation of harmonised pluvial flood hazard maps of different regions to tackle the inconsistencies and privacy concerns. We apply our approach to four adjacent urban areas in the Rhein-Sieg Kreis of North Rhine-Westphalia. Our results demonstrate the ability of our approach to produce cross-regional pluvial flood hazard maps, supporting disaster preparedness and management in regions prone to extreme weather events and flash floods.","PeriodicalId":507813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydroinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139606308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Providing solutions for data scarcity in urban flood modeling through sensitivity analysis and DEM modifications 通过敏感性分析和 DEM 修改为城市洪水模型中的数据稀缺问题提供解决方案
Journal of Hydroinformatics Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.2166/hydro.2024.173
Lea Dasallas, Hyunuk An, Seungsoo Lee
{"title":"Providing solutions for data scarcity in urban flood modeling through sensitivity analysis and DEM modifications","authors":"Lea Dasallas, Hyunuk An, Seungsoo Lee","doi":"10.2166/hydro.2024.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2024.173","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Developing countries face significant challenges in accessing sufficient and reliable hydro-meteorological data, hindering the implementation of effective disaster management strategies. This research proposes solutions for these limitations on performing flood simulations through parameter sensitivity analysis and digital elevation model (DEM) modifications. The methodology provides alternatives to account for insufficient data for rainfall, roughness coefficient, infiltration in simulating large-scale rainfall-runoff, and high-resolution DEMs incorporating road and building networks for urban flood modeling. By applying the method to an extreme flood event in the Marikina Basin, Philippines, a combination of ground-based and remotely retrieved rainfall data, roughness (n = 0.3861–0.5005), and infiltration parameters (Δθ = 0.326–0.505 and ψ = 0.4547–1.565) set at the maximum range were found to replicate the increase in the upstream water level. Simulations were able to accurately capture the flood propagation along the natural and artificial barriers in the urban area compared to untreated digital terrain and surface model (DTM and DSM) data, with root-mean-square error range improvements from 0–7.13 (DTM) and 0.29–4.20 (DSM) to 0–0.63 (modified DEM). The proposed methodology significantly improved the accuracy of the simulations, which is crucial for proposing adequate flood action plans, despite the lack of high-resolution data available for under-developed nations.","PeriodicalId":507813,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydroinformatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139607701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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