Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Ocular Ultrasound in Assessment of Vitreous Hemorrhage and Associated Ocular Diseases","authors":"Ahmad ch Raza","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1243","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vitreous hemorrhage (VH) is a significant ophthalmic condition with a yearly incidence ranging from 7.4 to 15.4 per 100,000 people. Its primary causes include proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), ocular trauma, and other retinal vascular disorders. Ocular ultrasound is increasingly utilized as a rapid, non-invasive diagnostic tool to assess vitreous hemorrhage and related ocular conditions.\u0000Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ocular ultrasound in detecting vitreous hemorrhage and associated ocular diseases in a clinical setting.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital from October 09, 2023, to March 21, 2024. The study included 70 symptomatic patients diagnosed with acute age-related vitreous hemorrhage. Detailed ophthalmic examinations were performed using noncontact or three-mirror lenses, slit-lamp vitreous biomicroscopy, and indirect binocular ophthalmoscopy. B-scan ocular ultrasound, with a focused probe of 7.5 MHz and high-sensitivity gain settings, was employed to perform echographic tests. Data on demographic details, medical history, clinical findings, and ultrasound results were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and overall accuracy were calculated to determine the diagnostic efficacy of ocular ultrasound.\u0000Results: Out of 70 patients, 43 (61.42%) were males and 27 (38.60%) were females. The age distribution showed 50 patients (71.42%) were under 50 years old, while 20 patients (28.60%) were over 50 years old. The causes of vitreous hemorrhage included proliferative diabetic retinopathy (30%), penetrating trauma (24.3%), post-intraocular surgery (11.42%), and blunt trauma (10%). The diagnostic accuracy of ocular ultrasound for detecting vitreous hemorrhage demonstrated a sensitivity of 77.8%, specificity of 35.3%, PPV of 56.0%, NPV of 60.0%, and an overall accuracy of 57.14%.\u0000Conclusion: Ocular ultrasound proved to be a valuable, non-invasive diagnostic tool with high sensitivity for detecting vitreous hemorrhage, though its specificity was moderate. While useful for initial assessments, especially in emergency settings, it should be supplemented with comprehensive ophthalmic examinations for accurate diagnosis and management of vitreous hemorrhage.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":"35 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141924536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stage Fright to Scholarly Flight: The Impact of Public Speaking Anxiety and Fear of Negative Evaluation on Academic Performance in University Students","authors":"Noor Ul Huda, Maryam Bibi, Muhammad Sajjad, Sara Mukhtar, Rifat Mukhtar","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1331","url":null,"abstract":"Public speaking anxiety is increasingly prevalent among students, adversely affecting their academic performance, particularly in oral presentations and group discussions. However, the impact of fear of negative evaluation as a mediator in this context has not been thoroughly examined among university students. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the adverse impact of public speaking anxiety on academic performance, with a specific focus on the mediating factor of fear of negative evaluation. Employing a correlational research design and convenient sampling, data were collected from students aged 18 to 25 (M=20.67, SD=2.12). The study employed three measures: the Public Speaking Anxiety Scale, Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (Revised) and Academic Achievement Scale. Correlational analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between public speaking anxiety and fear of negative evaluation. However, fear of negative evaluation significantly and negatively correlated with academic performance. Mediation analysis depicts that direct and total effect of public speaking anxiety on academic performance is significantly negative despite indirect path is insignificant. There were no significant gender differences observed in public speaking anxiety, fear of negative evaluation, and academic performance. However, women scored higher on public speaking anxiety (M=59.86, SD=7.9) and fear of negative evaluation (M=39.05, SD=10.18) compared to men. Men scored higher in academic performance (M=16.45, SD=7.51) than women. The study discussed recommendations, limitations, and implications for the benefit of students.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":"81 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141926608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Clinical Outcome of Acute Appendicitis in Elder Versus Young Patients","authors":"Muhammad Adnan, Tahir Mumtaz, Ahmed Raza, Fakhra Naeem, Usman Bin Ali, Tariq Mehmood Irshad","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1264","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency, particularly affecting younger populations, but with significant clinical outcomes in the elderly. The diagnostic challenge and variation in clinical presentations necessitate a thorough understanding of age-specific outcomes.\u0000Objective: To figure out the frequency of acute appendicitis among different age groups and compare the frequency of poor clinical outcomes in elderly versus young patients.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 15, 2023, to August 15, 2023, at the Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar. The study included 120 patients aged 10-80 years who underwent appendectomy for acute appendicitis under general anesthesia. Exclusion criteria were ASA 3 & IV, liver disease (ALT & AST >40 IU), hepatitis B or C, diabetes (BSR >200 mg/dl), and anemia (Hb <10 g/dl). Patients were stratified into two age groups: young (≤50 years) and older (>50 years). Data on demographics, clinical presentation, intraoperative findings, hospital stay, and postoperative complications were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, with significance set at p ≤0.05.\u0000Results: Of the 120 patients, 65.83% were young adults, and 34.17% were older adults. Among the younger group, 1.27% had a prolonged hospital stay, compared to 26.83% in the older group. Perforated appendices were noted in 20.25% of younger patients versus 70.73% of older patients. Postoperative complications occurred in 6.17% of younger patients and 36.59% of older patients (p <0.05).\u0000Conclusion: The frequency of acute appendicitis is higher in younger patients, but older patients experience significantly poorer clinical outcomes, including higher rates of perforation, prolonged hospital stay, and postoperative complications.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":"26 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Coronary Artery Calcification on PCI Outcomes in Pakistani Patients","authors":"Tariq Shah, Fahad Liaqat, Syed Muzammil Shah, Rafi Ullah","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1291","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries such as Pakistan. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a crucial treatment for CAD, but the presence of coronary artery calcification (CAC) complicates procedures and affects outcomes. CAC is associated with increased procedural complexity, higher rates of restenosis, and adverse cardiovascular events.\u0000Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of CAC on PCI outcomes in Pakistani patients, focusing on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), restenosis rates, and stent thrombosis.\u0000Methods: This observational cohort study was conducted at Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, from January 2022 to December 2023. The study included 500 patients aged 35-80 years who underwent PCI. Patients were categorized based on their CAC scores obtained through coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA): low (<100), moderate (100-400), and high (>400). Data on baseline characteristics, CAC scores, and outcomes were collected from patient records and interviews. The primary outcome was the incidence of MACE within 12 months post-PCI. Secondary outcomes included restenosis and stent thrombosis rates. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, employing ANOVA for continuous variables and chi-square tests for categorical variables, with significance set at p<0.05.\u0000Results: The mean age of the participants was 58.2 years (SD = 10.4), with 60% men and 40% women. Higher CAC scores were significantly associated with increased MACE incidence: 15% in the low group, 25% in the moderate group, and 45% in the high group. Restenosis rates were 10%, 20%, and 35%, and stent thrombosis rates were 5%, 10%, and 20% for the low, moderate, and high CAC score groups, respectively. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences across CAC score groups for primary and secondary outcomes (p<0.05).\u0000Conclusion: The study demonstrated that higher CAC scores significantly impact PCI outcomes in Pakistani patients, leading to increased MACE, restenosis, and stent thrombosis rates. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating CAC assessment in clinical practice to improve risk stratification and personalize treatment strategies for better patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Efficacy of Nifedipine Alone and Nifedipine with Progesterone Depot for Tocolysis of Preterm Labour","authors":"Muhammad Essa, Khawaja Haider Sami, Javaria Arslan Rana, Izza Masaud, Muhammad Umair Ul Hassan Malik, Bakhtawar Aslam, Noor Ul Falah, Uswa Shoaib, Hammad Akhtar, Madiha mubarik, Umair khurshid, Hafiz Muhammad Usman Abid, Sumara ashraf, Muhammad Sajid Mahmood","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1307","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Preterm labor poses significant challenges to obstetric practice, with preterm births contributing to a substantial portion of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although various pharmacological agents are employed to manage preterm labor, the effectiveness of different therapeutic combinations remains a topic of ongoing research. Calcium channel blockers like nifedipine are increasingly favored for their efficacy in reducing uterine contractions, while progestins have been shown to reduce the recurrence of preterm births.\u0000Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of nifedipine monotherapy versus the combination of nifedipine with progesterone depot in the management of preterm labor, evaluating the cessation of uterine contractions within 48 hours as the primary outcome.\u0000Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Unit III, at Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore, with a sample size of 92 patients experiencing preterm labor between 28 and 36 weeks of gestation. Patients were randomly assigned to Group A (nifedipine monotherapy) or Group B (nifedipine plus progesterone depot). Group A received an initial dose of 20 mg nifedipine followed by 20 mg twice daily for two days. Group B received the same nifedipine regimen with a single intramuscular injection of 250 mg of 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate. The efficacy of the treatment was defined as the cessation of uterine contractions within 48 hours. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, with significance set at p ≤ 0.05.\u0000Results: The study found that 71.74% (33/46) of patients in Group B achieved cessation of uterine contractions within 48 hours compared to 47.83% (22/46) in Group A. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.019), indicating that the addition of progesterone depot to nifedipine enhanced its effectiveness in managing preterm labor.\u0000Conclusion: The combination of nifedipine with progesterone depot proved significantly more effective than nifedipine alone in the cessation of uterine contractions associated with preterm labor. This combined therapy approach presents a promising strategy for improving maternal and neonatal outcomes in the management of preterm labor","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":"27 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrarater Reliability of Catherine Bergego Scale and Albert’s Test in Chronic Stroke Patients With Unilateral Spatial Neglect","authors":"Maryam Bajwa, Rimsha Tariq, Amna Rehan, Arooba Pervaiz, Aroob Fatima, Mahnoor Khalid, Muhammad Burhan, Fatima Mazher","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1186","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) frequently occurs following a right hemisphere stroke, leading to impaired awareness of one side of the body. This condition affects daily activities despite intact motor and sensory functions. The Catherine Bergego Scale (CBS) and Albert's Test are tools used to assess USN severity, but their reliability needs further investigation.\u0000Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the intra-rater reliability of the Catherine Bergego Scale and Albert's Test in chronic stroke patients with unilateral spatial neglect.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2023 to March 2024 across three hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan. Using non-probability convenient sampling, 218 chronic stroke patients aged 50 to 80 years were recruited. Participants exhibited signs of USN but had no severe cognitive impairments or concurrent neurological conditions. The CBS and Albert's Test were administered by trained raters in controlled settings. The reliability of these assessments was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha coefficients, and statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 25.\u0000Results: The CBS showed a Cronbach's alpha of 0.737, indicating acceptable reliability. Albert's Test demonstrated a Cronbach's alpha of 0.931, reflecting excellent reliability. These findings support the consistency and dependability of both assessment tools in evaluating USN severity.\u0000Conclusion: The study confirmed that the CBS and Albert's Test are reliable tools for assessing USN in chronic stroke patients, facilitating accurate diagnosis and tailored rehabilitation interventions.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":"54 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic Sensitivity and Resistance Patterns of Uropathogens in Peshawar, Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Waqas, Z. A. Khan, Shabeer Ahmad, Muhammad Saad Hamid, Muhammad Altaf, Muzzamil Sohail","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1281","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a major global health issue, primarily caused by bacteria invading the urinary system. Escherichia coli is the most common pathogen, with increasing resistance to antibiotics posing treatment challenges.\u0000Objective: This study evaluated the antibiotic sensitivity and resistance patterns of uropathogens from UTI patients in Peshawar, Pakistan, to guide effective therapy and inform local healthcare practices.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1 to May 30, 2023, at the Institute of Kidney Diseases, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. The study included patients aged 16 years and older diagnosed with UTIs. Urine samples were cultured, and significant bacteriuria was defined as growth of ≥105 CFU/mL. Uropathogens were tested for antibiotic sensitivity using the disk diffusion method and VITEK-2 compact system. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.\u0000Results: Of 137 samples, 80.3% were gram-negative, and 19.7% were gram-positive. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent pathogen (57.7%). Among gram-negative bacteria, Fosfomycin had 91.2% sensitivity, while Cefixime showed 85.5% resistance. For gram-positive bacteria, Piperacillin/Tazobactam had 100% sensitivity, while Cefixime and Moxifloxacin had 100% resistance.\u0000Conclusion: The study identified Escherichia coli as the predominant uropathogen, with significant resistance to common antibiotics like Ciprofloxacin and Cefixime. Fosfomycin, Meropenem, and Imipenem were more effective against resistant strains. Routine susceptibility testing and updated treatment protocols are essential to combat antibiotic resistance and improve patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":"48 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Effectiveness of Nutritional Education Interventions for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Tazeem Tazeem Akhtar","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1324","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an escalating public health issue with increasing incidence and prevalence. Patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) are particularly vulnerable to malnutrition, significantly impacting morbidity and mortality rates.\u0000Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional education interventions for CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis, focusing on renal and nutritional outcomes compared to usual care.\u0000Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted from January 2011 to December 2023 using databases such as CINAHL, PubMed, Science Direct, Academia, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies (QES) involving adult CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. Data extraction and quality assessment were independently performed, and inconsistencies were resolved by consensus. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist was used for quality assessment. Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.4.1, employing a random-effects model to calculate pooled effect sizes for renal (eGFR, serum creatinine, serum urea) and nutritional outcomes (serum albumin, hemoglobin). Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic, and the analysis was performed with SPSS version 25.\u0000Results: The analysis included nine RCTs and four QES, totaling 645 participants for RCTs and 202 for QES. The pooled effect sizes showed no statistically significant improvements in key biochemical markers. Changes in eGFR were -1.47 (95% CI: -4.04 to 1.10, p=0.26, I2=0%), serum creatinine 0.00 mg/dl (95% CI: -0.13 to 0.13, p=0.99, I2=0%), and serum urea -10.49 mg/dl (95% CI: -35.73 to 14.76, p=0.42, I2=80%). For nutritional outcomes, serum albumin levels changed by -0.07 g/L (95% CI: -0.24 to 0.10, p=0.44, I2=23%) and hemoglobin by 0.22 mg/dl (95% CI: -0.75 to 1.18, p=0.66, I2=77%). Notable improvements were observed when nurses and dietitians collaborated and involved patients in meal preparation.\u0000Conclusion: Nutritional education interventions favored the experimental group, although statistical significance was not achieved. Collaborative approaches involving nurses and dietitians and patient involvement in meal preparation showed potential benefits. This review highlights the importance of patient-centered, high-quality research to improve nutritional education for hemodialysis patients.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":"20 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Push-ups Exercise Capacity and Flexibility Level among Office Workers","authors":"Mohabbat Ali, Nazish Rafique, Anum Rafique, Asim Mahmood, Mubashira Manzoor","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1297","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The rapid advancement in technology has led to a decrease in physical activities among office workers, resulting in sedentary lifestyles and associated health issues. Understanding the relationship between exercise capacity and flexibility can help in designing effective physical activity programs.\u0000Objective: This study aims to assess the association between push-up exercise capacity and flexibility level among office workers.\u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Memon Medical Institute Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, with 178 office workers, including both males and females over 18 years of age who work more than 6 hours per day. Participants with neck or low back pain, recent surgeries or trauma to the spine, congenital spinal anomalies, or rheumatoid arthritis were excluded. The MicroFit system was used to measure back flexibility, push-up capacity, and bicep strength. Push-ups were performed with participants lowering their bodies to a predetermined level and repeating the action until fatigue. Flexibility was assessed using a sit-and-reach test, with participants reaching forward as far as possible while sitting. Bicep strength was measured using a pull bar with participants standing on a weight machine. Data analysis included chi-square tests and Pearson correlation coefficients to examine associations between gender, age, and fitness levels.\u0000Results: Of the 178 participants, 66% were male and 34% were female. The mean age was 36.8 ± 10.4 years. A significant association was found between gender and fitness levels, with males demonstrating higher bicep strength (mean 24.7 ± 11.8) and push-up capacity (mean 8.4 ± 7.4), while females showed higher back flexibility (mean 26.9 ± 9.5). The chi-square tests for biceps strength and push-ups were X² = 128.3, p < 0.001, and X² = 45.3, p < 0.05, respectively. No significant association was found between gender and back flexibility (X² = 37.3, p = 0.502). A strong positive correlation was observed between age and bicep strength (r = 0.001, p = 0.990) and a negative correlation between age and back flexibility (r = -0.013, p = 0.867), indicating a decrease in fitness with increasing age.\u0000Conclusion: The study concludes that males have higher bicep strength and push-up capacity, while females exhibit greater back flexibility. A significant association exists between gender and fitness levels, and there is a notable decline in physical fitness with age, highlighting the need for targeted exercise interventions for office workers.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ludo Star Game Addiction, Social Connectedness and Psychological Well-Being in University Students of Lahore, Pakistan","authors":"Maryam Bibi, Sobia Bashir, Muhammad Sajjad Shahid, Sara Mukhtar","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1273","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The increasing prevalence of online gaming among university students has raised concerns about its potential impact on psychological well-being. Ludo Star, a popular mobile game in Pakistan, has been associated with both positive and negative effects on social and mental health. Understanding the relationship between Ludo Star game addiction, social connectedness, and psychological well-being is crucial for developing effective interventions.\u0000Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Ludo Star game addiction and psychological well-being, with social connectedness as a mediator, among university students in Lahore, Pakistan.\u0000Methods: A correlational research design was employed, utilizing a non-probability purposive sampling strategy to select 300 university students (157 men, 143 women) aged 18-25 years who regularly played Ludo Star. The Gaming Addiction Scale, Revised Social Connectedness Scale, and Psychological Well-being Scale were used to measure the study variables. Ethical considerations adhered to the Helsinki Declaration, and informed consent was obtained from all participants. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, mediation analysis, and independent sample t-tests using SPSS version 25.\u0000Results: Ludo Star game addiction was positively correlated with social connectedness (r = .15, p < .01) but negatively correlated with psychological well-being (r = -.12, p < .05). Social connectedness was also negatively correlated with psychological well-being (r = -.21, p < .01). Mediation analysis showed that social connectedness significantly mediated the relationship between Ludo Star game addiction and psychological well-being (β = -.08, 95% CI: -.05 to -.007). Independent sample t-tests revealed no significant gender differences in the study variables.\u0000Conclusion: The study highlighted the dual-edged nature of Ludo Star game addiction, where increased social connectedness does not translate to better psychological well-being. Interventions should focus on promoting balanced gaming habits and enhancing awareness of the potential psychological risks associated with excessive gaming.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":"40 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}