Annales De Physique最新文献

{"title":"Self-doubled laser emission in an organic system","authors":"A. Barsella, F. May, J. Vola, A. Fort, S. Sanaur, A. Attias, M. Lefèbvre, E. Rosencher","doi":"10.1051/ANPHYS:2008006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ANPHYS:2008006","url":null,"abstract":"We report a theoretical and experimental study of the self-doubling properties of a solution composed of a laser dye and a nonlinear optical chromophore. The basic idea is to create a system which is able to generate a second-harmonic component from the stimulated emission of the dye. A self-doubled laser source has been built using a solution containg commercial compounds, Disperse Red 1 (chromophore) and LDS821 (dye).","PeriodicalId":50779,"journal":{"name":"Annales De Physique","volume":"13 1","pages":"55-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88509184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slow light induced by stimulated Raman scattering on spatial Kerr soliton","authors":"J. Michaud, G. Fanjoux, H. Maillotte, L. Furfaro, T. Sylvestre","doi":"10.1051/ANPHYS:2008018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ANPHYS:2008018","url":null,"abstract":"We present numerical and experimental results demonstrating the slow light effect induced by the sharp resonance of the Raman gain on a spatial Raman soliton in a Kerr planar waveguide.","PeriodicalId":50779,"journal":{"name":"Annales De Physique","volume":"24 3 1","pages":"103-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90423115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards correlating Raman excitation profile and electron diffraction of the same single carbon nanotube","authors":"M. Kobylko, A. Bonnot, A. Walker, A. Richard, M. Kociak, A. Débarre","doi":"10.1051/ANPHYS:2008025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ANPHYS:2008025","url":null,"abstract":"We present the first results of a study combining electron diffraction analysis and Raman resonance excitation profile on the identical, suspended single wall carbon nanotube. Both methods give access to the diameter of the tube, which allows cross-checking. The characterization of the tube is completed by the determination of the transition energy E ii , and the chirality, allowing a precise comparison with theoretical models.","PeriodicalId":50779,"journal":{"name":"Annales De Physique","volume":"254 1","pages":"131-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75934759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crack propagation in disordered materials: how to decipher fracture surfaces","authors":"L. Ponson, I. Procaccia, Michel Rosso, Stéphane Roux","doi":"10.1051/ANPHYS:2008044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ANPHYS:2008044","url":null,"abstract":"For a half-century, engineers know how to describe and predict the propagation of a crack in a model elastic homogeneous medium. The case of real materials is much more complex. Indeed, we do not know how to relate their lifetime or their resistance to their microstructure. To achieve such a prediction, understanding the role of the microstructural disorder on the behavior of a crack is determinant. Fracture surfaces represent a promising field of investigation to address this question. From the study of various disordered materials, we propose a statistical description of their roughness and determine to which extent their properties are dependent of the material. We show that fracture surfaces display an anisotropic scale invariant geometry characterized by two universal exponents. Glass ceramics is then studied because its microstructure can be tuned in a controlled manner. Their fracture surfaces display the same general anisotropic properties but with surprisingly low exponents independent of the detail of the ceramics microstructure. This suggests the existence of a second universality class in failure problems. Using finally theoretical tools from out-of-equilibrium statistical physics and fracture mechanics, we relate the statistical properties of fracture surfaces with the mechanisms occurring at the microscopic scale during the failure of a material. In particular, we show that the first class of fracture surfaces results from a failure involving damage processes while the second one results from a perfectly brittle failure.","PeriodicalId":50779,"journal":{"name":"Annales De Physique","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82521232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Q whispering gallery modes in pillar microcavities","authors":"Y. Nowicki-Bringuier, J. Claudon, C. Böckler, S. Reitzenstein, M. Kamp, A. Forchel, J. Gerard","doi":"10.1051/ANPHYS:2008023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ANPHYS:2008023","url":null,"abstract":"We report the observation of high- Q whispering gallery modes ( Q > 10 000) in GaAs/AlAs pillar microcavities containing InAs quantum dots as an internal probe. A simple model based on the effective index method describes precisely the evolution of the free spectral range with the pillar diameter.","PeriodicalId":50779,"journal":{"name":"Annales De Physique","volume":"23 1","pages":"123-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80143970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From optical to terahertz, frequency metrology with a single ion","authors":"C. Champenois, G. Hagel, M. Houssin, M. Knoop, M. Vedel, C. Zumsteg, F. Vedel","doi":"10.1051/ANPHYS:2008002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ANPHYS:2008002","url":null,"abstract":"This talk presents experimental realisations towards an optical frequency standard based on a single trapped calcium ion. These realizations concern the control on the ion motion in the radiofrequency trap and the frequency stabilization of the clock laser. Finally, new perspectives opened by a three photon coherent process in trapped ions are studied in the prospect of terahertz metrology.","PeriodicalId":50779,"journal":{"name":"Annales De Physique","volume":"1 1","pages":"25-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89942456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency of 2-photon polychromatic laser guide stars","authors":"H. G. D. Chatellus, J. Pique","doi":"10.1051/ANPHYS:2008011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ANPHYS:2008011","url":null,"abstract":"Polychromatic laser guide stars (PLGS) are created by resonant excitation of the mesospheric sodium by two pulsed lasers at 589 nm and 569 nm respectively. The efficiency of this process is investigated numerically by means of both Bloch equations and rate equations models. The influence of numerous laser parameters is studied. For 2×25 W laser average power the return flux is below 105 photons/s/m2. [less]","PeriodicalId":50779,"journal":{"name":"Annales De Physique","volume":"43 1","pages":"75-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77193792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactions between electrons, mesoscopic Josephson effect and asymmetric current fluctuations","authors":"B. Huard","doi":"10.1051/ANPHYS:2007002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ANPHYS:2007002","url":null,"abstract":"This thesis discusses three experiments on the properties of electronic transport at the mesoscopic scale. The first one allowed to measure the energy exchange rate between electrons in a metal contaminated by a very weak concentration of magnetic impurities. The role played by magnetic impurities in the Kondo regime on those energy exchanges is quantitatively investigated, and the global measured exchange rate is larger than expected. The second experiment is a measurement of the current-phase relation in a system made of two superconductors linked through a single atom. We thus provide quantitative support for the recent description of the mesoscopic Josephson effect. The last experiment is a measurement of the asymmetry of the current fluctuations in a mesoscopic conductor, using a Josephson junction as a threshold detector.","PeriodicalId":50779,"journal":{"name":"Annales De Physique","volume":"164 1","pages":"1-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85233039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesoscopics of ultrasound and seismic waves: application to passive imaging","authors":"É. Larose","doi":"10.1051/ANPHYS:2007001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ANPHYS:2007001","url":null,"abstract":"This manuscript deals with different aspects of the propagation of acoustic and seismic waves in heterogeneous media, both simply and multiply scattering ones. After a short introduction on conventional imaging techniques, we describe two observations that demonstrate the presence of multiple scattering in seismic records: the equipartition principle, and the coherent backscattering effect (Chap. 2). Multiple scattering is related to the mesoscopic nature of seismic and acoustic waves, and is a strong limitation for conventional techniques like medical or seismic imaging. In the following part of themanuscript (Chaps. 3–5), we present an application of mesoscopic physics to acoustic and seismic waves: the principle of passive imaging. By correlating records of ambient noise or diffuse waves obtained at two passive sensors, it is possible to reconstruct the impulse response of the medium as if a source was placed at one sensor. This provides the opportunity of doing acoustics and seismology without a source. Several aspects of this technique are presented here, starting with theoretical considerations and numerical simulations (Chaps. 3, 4). Then we present experimental applications (Chap. 5) to ultrasound (passive tomography of a layeredmedium) and to seismic waves (passive imaging of California, and the Moon, with micro-seismic noise).","PeriodicalId":50779,"journal":{"name":"Annales De Physique","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91165668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucléation, ascension et éclatement d'une bulle de champagne","authors":"G. Liger-Belair","doi":"10.1051/ANPHYS:2006007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ANPHYS:2006007","url":null,"abstract":"L'objectif general de ce travail consacre a l'etude des processus physicochimiques lies a l'effervescence des vins de Champagne etait de decortiquer les differentes etapes de la vie d'une bulle de champagne en conditions reelles de consommation, dans une flute. Nous resumons ci-apres les principaux resultats obtenus pour chacune des etapes de la vie de la bulle, depuis sa naissance sur les parois d'une flute, jusqu'a son eclatement en surface.\u2029 Nucleation \u2029A l'aide d'une camera rapide munie d'un objectif de microscope, nous avons pu mettre a mal une idee largement repandue. Ce ne sont pas les anfractuosites de la surface du verre ou de la flute qui sont responsable de la nucleation heterogene des bulles, mais des particules adsorbees sur les parois du verre ou de la flute. Dans la majorite des cas, il s'agit de fibres de cellulose creuses dont les proprietes geometriques permettent le piegeage d'une poche d'air en leur sein au moment du versement. Un modele de piegeage a ete construit et met en avant le role fondamental joue par la vitesse du versement. Plus cette vitesse augmente, plus on augmente la probabilite de pieger des poches d'air au sein de ces fibres, provoquant ainsi une effervescence plus importante.\u2029La dynamique de production des bulles a egalement ete filmee in situ a l'aide de la camera, puis modelisee en utilisant les equations de la diffusion adaptees a la geometrie de notre fibre supposee approximativement cylindrique. Nous avons montre que le temps caracteristique de production d'une bulle par la fibre est largement gouverne par la croissance de cette petite poche de gaz par diffusion du CO 2 dissous vers la poche. Nous avons demontre que la convection du liquide joue un role essentiel lors du transfert de masse du CO 2 dissous vers la poche. En effet, un modele purement diffusif ne permet pas du tout de reproduire la dynamique de croissance experimentale de ces poches de gaz piegees au cœur des fibres.\u2029Nous avons egalement pu mettre en evidence des changements spectaculaires dans la dynamique de bullage de certains sites de nucleation suivis au cours du temps pendant le processus de degazage. Ces observations font de la fibre de cellulose immergee dans le champagne le plus petit systeme de bullage non-lineaire observe a ce jour.\u2029 Dynamique ascensionnelle \u2029Pour mesurer la vitesse d'une bulle tout au long de son trajet vers la surface libre du champagne, nous avons tire profit de la production repetitive de bulles au niveau des sites de nucleation. Par la mise en place d'un dispositif experimental simple qui associe une lumiere stroboscopique et un appareil photographique muni de bagues macros, nous avons pu acceder a l'observation fine des trains de bulles ainsi qu'a la determination de la vitesse ascensionnelle des bulles. Les mesures experimentales du rayon et de la vitesse d'une bulle nous ont permis de determiner le coefficient de trainee d'une bulle montante qui constitue une mesure indirecte de son etat de surface en ter","PeriodicalId":50779,"journal":{"name":"Annales De Physique","volume":"103 1","pages":"1-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86993105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}