Applied Nursing Research最新文献

{"title":"Delirium in older adults following traumatic brain injury during the acute stage: Validation of the Chinese version of the confusion assessment method","authors":"Chia-Jou Lin RN ,&nbsp;Yun-Hsuan Lai RN, MSN ,&nbsp;Donna Marie Fick RN, PhD ,&nbsp;Chia-Chi Hsiao RN ,&nbsp;Yi-Chen Chen RN ,&nbsp;Sheng-Wen Huang MD ,&nbsp;Hsiao-Yean Chiu RN, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To translate and validate the confusion assessment method into traditional Chinese (CAM-TC) and explore the incidence of delirium following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the ward setting.</div></div><div><h3>Background</h3><div>The CAM is a widely recognized tool for screening delirium, but it has not been translated into Traditional Chinese version, and it has seldom been used to assess delirium in TBI survivors in general wards.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients aged 20 years or older, diagnosed with TBI, and with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 9 or higher at admission were included. The <em>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision</em> (<em>DSM-5-TR</em>) criteria were employed as the gold standard. Cohen's kappa was used to calculate inter-rater reliability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our study enrolled 100 patients with a mean age of 68.5 years and mild TBI. Post-TBI delirium was diagnosed in 10 % of the sample using <em>DSM-5-TR</em> criteria. A subset of 10 patients was selected for inter-rater reliability analysis, and a kappa value of 1.0 was obtained. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values were 0.90, 0.98, and 0.94, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The CAM-TC is a reliable tool for screening delirium following TBI in the ward setting. Our findings provide new insights into post-TBI delirium in this environment. Implementing an applicable delirium screening tool for post-TBI patients could facilitate further research on prevention and intervention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50740,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nursing Research","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 151943"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spiritual interventions on physical and psychological outcomes in adults receiving haemodialysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies","authors":"Şefika Tuğba Yangöz ,&nbsp;Selma Turan Kavradim ,&nbsp;Zeynep Özer","doi":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adults receiving haemodialysis experience several physical and psychological problems. Recently, spiritual interventions have been commonly performed for haemodialysis, but evidence of their effectiveness is lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To synthesize the effects of spiritual interventions on physical and psychological problems in haemodialysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO. We searched 11 electronic databases from inception to August 2024. Participants included: 1) adults 18 years and older receiving haemodialysis for at least three months; 2) studies implementing spiritual interventions; 3) studies evaluating spiritual interventions' effects on physical and psychological outcomes. Data synthesis was undertaken using Comprehensive Meta-analysis version 3. Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to pool effects of interventions. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations assessed evidence certainty.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twelve trials with 869 participants were included. Only one trial assessed physical outcomes, so they weren't included in the meta-analysis. For psychological outcomes, this intervention was not effective for anxiety and depression symptoms, with low-quality evidence. This intervention showed a medium positive effect on improving hope, with high-quality evidence. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that spiritual intervention, with or without prayer, was effective, and there was no difference between these variables in improving hope. Additionally, eight spiritual intervention sessions were more effective than fewer than eight sessions in improving hope for haemodialysis population.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This meta-analysis shows that spiritual interventions moderately improve hope with high-quality evidence but do not affect anxiety and depression symptoms in haemodialysis. Nurses and health professionals can use these interventions to enhance hope as evidence-based practice in haemodialysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50740,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nursing Research","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 151918"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjustment to a temporary compared to a permanent ostomy: A qualitative analysis of survey responses","authors":"Ian Whiteley ,&nbsp;Fiona F. Stanaway ,&nbsp;Sue Randall","doi":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>To describe differences and similarities in adaptation or adjustment to a new temporary compared to a new permanent ostomy.</div></div><div><h3>Background</h3><div>Few studies have assessed differences in adjustment between temporary and permanent ostomies. This is important as some evidence suggests that individuals with a temporary ostomy defer returning to pre-ostomy life until the ostomy is reversed, while those with a permanent ostomy adjust more quickly. Qualitative data can offer deeper insights by exploring personal perspectives, beliefs, and attitudes as people adapt and adjust to a new ostomy.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>This is a multicentre, longitudinal observational study in which adjustment to an ostomy was measured using open-ended, short answer questions added to the Ostomy Adjustment Inventory (OAI-23).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sample: Seven hundred participants were recruited through 11 care facilities, 397 had a temporary ostomy and 303 had a permanent ostomy. This paper explores the 626 responses to open-ended questions.</div><div>Data analysis: Data was uploaded into NVivo (14) software and responses were analysed as data c<em>orpus</em> using thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The formation of a new temporary or permanent ostomy required a period of adaptation and adjustment. Thirteen sub-themes were identified and further refined into three major themes, adjusting to the unfamiliar and unpredictable body; navigating uncharted territory; and psychological adjustment. Whilst some minor differences were noted, these were far overshadowed by the similarities in adjustment between the two groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Adaptation to a temporary or permanent ostomy is an ongoing process with many similarities influencing adjustment outcomes. Improved comprehension of ostomy adjustment will assist planning services to meet the needs of this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50740,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nursing Research","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 151945"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcultural challenges in the nurse-migrant patient caring relationship: a phenomenological study","authors":"Arianna Anzini ,&nbsp;Gabriele Caggianelli ,&nbsp;Rita Patrizia Tomasin ,&nbsp;Alessia Segala ,&nbsp;Stefania Giangrazi ,&nbsp;Chiara Paccagnella ,&nbsp;Stefano Mancin ,&nbsp;Fabio Petrelli ,&nbsp;Valentina Vanzi ,&nbsp;Giovanni Cangelosi ,&nbsp;Irene Dello Iacono","doi":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/aim</h3><div>The rising migration to EU Member States has increased demographic diversity, posing challenges for healthcare systems in delivering culturally competent care. Nurses, often the first healthcare providers to interact with migrant patients, play a crucial role in addressing cultural differences. However, a lack of awareness and preparedness can negatively impact the nurse-patient relationship and overall care quality. This study aimed to explore the transcultural challenges nurses encounter when caring for migrant patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A qualitative phenomenological approach was used to examine the experiences of 19 nurses from two hospitals in Italy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between June and August 2024. Giorgi's phenomenological method was applied to analyze the data and identify key themes related to transcultural care challenges.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings revealed that language barriers significantly hinder communication, often requiring nurses to rely on non-verbal strategies. Cultural differences in health beliefs and expectations necessitate continuous adaptation of care plans. Building trust and empathy is crucial in fostering effective relationships, yet nurses face emotional and ethical challenges when patient values conflict with standard practices. Culturally competent staff act as essential mediators, bridging gaps in understanding and care delivery.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the need for tailored interventions to support nurses in managing transcultural challenges. Addressing communication barriers and ethical dilemmas through training and the inclusion of cultural mediators is crucial to improving care quality for migrant patients. Further research is needed to develop evidence-based strategies for culturally competent nursing care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50740,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nursing Research","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 151954"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a 12-week lower limb resistance training with breathing regulation in patients with diabetes-related foot ulcers: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Jia-Ling Wu MS, RN ,&nbsp;Mei-Ling Yeh PhD, DMS, RN, FAAN (Distinguished Professor) ,&nbsp;Jocelyn Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Patients with diabetes-related foot ulcers may require hospitalization and face an increased risk of amputation, which can significantly impact their quality of life. One potential solution is exercise, which can regulate blood glucose levels, improve wound healing, and enhance overall well-being. This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the impact of a lower limb resistance training program combined with breathing-regulation techniques on glycemic control, wound healing, and quality of life in patients with diabetes-related foot ulcers. Patients hospitalized for type 2 diabetes-related foot ulcers were recruited from a single medical center and randomly divided into two groups. The control group (<em>n</em> = 31) received standard treatment, while the exercise group (<em>n</em> = 28) received standard treatment along with lower limb resistance training and breathing-regulation techniques. Assessments of fasting blood glucose levels, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, wound healing, and quality of life were carried out at the start of the study and week 4, week 8, and week 12 of the intervention. The exercise group demonstrated significant improvements in fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels, as well as in physical health, psychological well-being, social relationships, and environmental aspects of quality of life over the 12 weeks compared to both the control group and the baseline (<em>p</em> &lt; .05). However, no significant change was observed in wound healing (<em>p</em> &gt; .05). The resistance training program for the lower limbs, combined with breathing-regulation techniques, is recommended for improving blood glucose levels and quality of life over 12 weeks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50740,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nursing Research","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 151911"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Improving postnatal maternity care following severe perineal trauma by evaluating end-user's experiences of a pilot trial exploring laxative management; A qualitative study”","authors":"R. Sfreddo RM ,&nbsp;V. Hoang MBBS PhD ,&nbsp;E.M.A. Murphy MBBS PhD ,&nbsp;B. Turner BSc ,&nbsp;K. Juszczyk MBBS ,&nbsp;J. Barnes MBBS ,&nbsp;A. Parange MBBS ,&nbsp;J. Tucker RM PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Trauma to the anal sphincter following vaginal birth increases the risk of anal incontinence. Laxative management in the postnatal period is recommended to improve defecation and reduce the risk of wound breakdown. Research underpinning management guidelines is lacking and omits end-users (clinicians and birthing women) involvement in evaluating pilot studies. Incorporating end-users' enhances the relevance of the research to those being investigated, improves the design, and translation of findings into clinical practice. No studies have evaluated end-users' experiences in research which investigates laxative management following anal sphincter injury.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study identifies the barriers and facilitators in a pilot study research design and suggests improvements to inform larger scale research to improve clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A phenomenological qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was adopted. Purposeful sampling of health professionals (<em>n</em> = 85) involved in the direct care of women following OASIs and women (<em>n</em> = 64) sustaining OASIs during the recent pilot trial. Data analysis employing thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The consensus from interviews (<em>n</em> = 23) highlighted the research was feasible with suggested improvements to enhance future recruitment, information for linguistically diverse women and review of quality-of-life tools. The evaluation process enhanced future research engagement.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The reliability and validity of future research can be improved adopting a qualitative framework and end-users' to evaluate pilot studies. Findings from this pilot study identified issues including recruitment, CALD participant information and accuracy of QoL data collection tools that needed to be addressed enhancing future findings that are relevant to the needs of the study population and enhance translation into practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50740,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nursing Research","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 151913"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143271802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The cultural difference between empowerment and job satisfaction among nurses: An umbrella review","authors":"Shih-Yu Chang,&nbsp;Shu-Zhuan Wang,&nbsp;Huan-Fang Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To synthesize and analyze the relationship between empowerment and job satisfaction among nurses in the cultural context using an umbrella review.</div><div>Background: Empowerment improves individual autonomy, rights, and responsibilities, allowing employees to feel more control and accountability in their work and improving job satisfaction. Cultural differences also influence perceptions of power and responsibility, affecting empowerment, acceptance, and job satisfaction. Although some systematic reviews explored the relationship between empowerment and job satisfaction among nurses, the results were inconsistent, especially because of cultural contexts. Umbrella review can integrate and analyze the gap and provide final evidence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An umbrella review was conducted using the JBI guidelines. Seven academic databases were searched, and papers were published from database inception until June 2024. Inclusion criteria were the systematic review related to the relationship between empowerment and job satisfaction among nurses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of five systematic reviews, including 67 single studies, were included. Empowerment is positively correlated with job satisfaction. Cultural differences may influence the levels of empowerment provided to nurses and the relationship between cultural differences and various forms of empowerment related to job satisfaction among nurses. Although the relationship between structural empowerment and job satisfaction does not show significant differences in cultural differences, psychological empowerment reveals weakness to moderate correlations, especially in Western contexts.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Enhancing psychological empowerment can improve job satisfaction, especially in Western cultures. Managers should consider cultural background to provide suitable empowerment, improve job satisfaction, potentially increase commitment and effectiveness, and reduce turnover.</div></div><div><h3>Registration</h3><div>This umbrella review has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024580679).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50740,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nursing Research","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 151912"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143271806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Charting the future of applied nursing research: Priorities, opportunities, and vision","authors":"Stephen McGhee","doi":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151904","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50740,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nursing Research","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 151904"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143271803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of complex decongestive therapy in managing limb swelling, pain, and enhancing functional recovery after arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament","authors":"Yuxiang Ren ,&nbsp;Ruolan Ge ,&nbsp;Cong Yang,&nbsp;Yanrong Tan,&nbsp;Huanhuan Song,&nbsp;Rui Liu,&nbsp;Miaomiao Huang,&nbsp;Zhenyu Niu,&nbsp;Li Yang,&nbsp;Weixuan Liu M.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the efficacy of Complex Decongestive Therapy (CDT) in managing limb swelling, alleviating pain, and promoting functional recovery in patients following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving 160 patients who underwent ACLR at a tertiary hospital in Shenzhen between August 2021 and April 2023. The study compared the outcomes of conventional nursing care with complex decongestive therapy (CDT). The differences in leg circumference, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores, and Active Range of Motion (AROM) were assessed at six time points during the perioperative period and up to 30 days post-surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study included 69 patients in the experimental group and 64 patients in the control group. After one month of treatment with CDT, significant differences in calf circumference were observed between the experimental and control groups on the 3rd (<em>t</em> = −2.083, <em>P</em> = 0.039) and 5th (<em>t</em> = −2.078, <em>P</em> = 0.040) postoperative days. Regarding changes in central patellar circumference, a significant difference was noted on the 5th postoperative day (<em>t</em> = −2.092, <em>P</em> = 0.038) in the experimental group. However, no significant differences in thigh circumference were observed at any of the six time points (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores were significantly different on the 1st (<em>t</em> = −1.978, <em>P</em> = 0.048) and 3rd (<em>t</em> = −2.530, <em>P</em> = 0.011) postoperative days. Lysholm scores showed a significant difference between the groups on the 30th postoperative day (<em>t</em> = −3.438, <em>P</em> = 0.001), with no significant difference observed before surgery (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Significant differences in AROM were found on the 14th (<em>t</em> = −3.919, <em>P</em> = 0.000) and 30th (<em>t</em> = −2.615, <em>P</em> = 0.009) postoperative days.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CDT can effectively reduce limb swelling on the 3rd and 5th postoperative days, alleviate pain on the 1st and 3rd postoperative days, and enhance joint functional recovery on the 14th and 30th postoperative days.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50740,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nursing Research","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 151915"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143271807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does confidence mirror competence? Outcomes following Stop the Bleed® training among lay community members","authors":"Allison R. Jones ,&nbsp;Rebekah D. Day ,&nbsp;Penni I. Watts","doi":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To evaluate and compare pre- and post-STB training outcomes of bleeding control knowledge, willingness to act and confidence in doing so.</div></div><div><h3>Background</h3><div>Stop the Bleed® (STB) training improves trainees' willingness to intervene in pre-hospital bleeding emergencies and confidence in doing so, but few studies report associated knowledge-based outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional, observational study was performed using a pre-/post-test approach. Lay community members aged ≥18 who read and spoke English were included. On enrollment, participants completed the Stop the Bleed Training Survey (STB-TS) (five self-assessment and three knowledge-based items), and provided demographics and work history data; the STB-TS was completed again immediately after training. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample. Paired <em>t</em>-tests were used to compare STB-TS self-assessment items. McNemar's Test was used to compare proportions of correct answers to STB-TS knowledge-based items.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Trainees (<em>N</em> = 31) had a mean age of 33 ± 16 years, identified as mostly female (58.1 %) and people of color (54.8 %), and reported little experience with bleeding control emergencies. Total STB-TS scores increased from 14.4 ± 6.7 to 17.0 ± 10.8 (<em>p</em> = .26), indicating greater knowledge, confidence, and willingness to act. Correct response rates increased significantly from pre- to post-training (27.6 % vs 69.2 %, <em>p</em> = .003) on only one of the knowledge-based items: proper tourniquet application.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Findings suggest a disconnect among trainees' willingness to act and confidence in doing so compared to their knowledge of bleeding control intervention. Incorporating use of high-fidelity simulation and standardized evaluation instruments may enhance content and skill mastery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50740,"journal":{"name":"Applied Nursing Research","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 151928"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}