Pensamiento Americano最新文献

Desafíos y competencias docentes en el abordaje de educación inclusiva en Colombia 哥伦比亚全纳教育面临的挑战和教师的能力

Pensamiento Americano Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.17.34.679

Jhan Carlos Herrera Pérez, Efraín Darío Ochoa Londoño, Jefferson Tello Zuluaga, Erixon Esneider Romero Palomino

{"title":"Desafíos y competencias docentes en el abordaje de educación inclusiva en Colombia","authors":"Jhan Carlos Herrera Pérez, Efraín Darío Ochoa Londoño, Jefferson Tello Zuluaga, Erixon Esneider Romero Palomino","doi":"10.21803/penamer.17.34.679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.17.34.679","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In the contemporary context, inclusive education has acquired significant relevance at a global level, seeking to guarantee access to an excellent education for each student, regardless of their abilities, and promoting an inclusive and diverse environment in educational establishments. Objetive: The central purpose of this review article is to expose some public policies, the use of technology in educational processes, approaches, strategies and methodologies used by teachers to promote inclusive education in Colombia. Method: A methodology based on the interpretive paradigm with a qualitative approach was applied. An exhaustive review of recent literature related to inclusive education was carried out and data recording sheets were used as an instrument for collecting information. Results: Among the findings, the importance of teacher training and interprofessional collaboration stands out to guarantee an inclusive education adapted to the demands of students with disabilities. Conclusion: It is concluded that the strengthening of pedagogical, technological, scientific and ethical competencies in teachers is essential to implement inclusive strategies and promote a respectful and equitable educational environment.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"5 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141641770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incremento en la desigualdad en gastos de salud durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en México 墨西哥 COVID-19 大流行期间医疗支出不平等现象加剧

Pensamiento Americano Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.17.34.768

Cecilia García Amador, David Vázquez Guzmán, Ana Luz Ramos Soto

{"title":"Incremento en la desigualdad en gastos de salud durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en México","authors":"Cecilia García Amador, David Vázquez Guzmán, Ana Luz Ramos Soto","doi":"10.21803/penamer.17.34.768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.17.34.768","url":null,"abstract":"Introducción: El propósito de esta investigación es profundizar en cómo el problema de la desigualdad en el acceso a la salud durante la pandemia de COVID-19 se acrecentó en México. Para abordar este tema tan importante, se desglosó el comportamiento de losgastos en salud de los hogares mexicanos mediante un análisis estadístico descriptivo utilizando datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares (ENIGH) de 2018, 2020 y 2022. Entre la metodología destaca la construcción de quintiles de ingreso,tipo de gasto y del indicador de carencia por acceso a los servicios de salud; además, se realizó un análisis regional. Nuestros resultados muestran un aumento general en los gastos en salud de más del 30% entre 2018 y 2022, presentándose este fenómeno demanera más clara en los hogares del quintil de ingreso más alto. Asimismo, se observa un deterioro grave en el bienestar de los hogares, al presentarse una vulnerabilidad mayor en los hogares sin acceso a los servicios de salud, los cuales tienen gastos superiores en comparación con aquellos que tienen acceso a un programa de salud. Regionalmente, la zona sur del país es la que mostró un gasto mayor en proporción a su ingreso en salud, con un enfoque predominante en cuestiones ambulatorias. Estos hallazgos permitenidentificar los principales problemas de acceso y participación de los hogares en la absorción de gastos en salud, lo cual podría permitir sugerir la implementación de medidas de políticas diferenciadas orientadas a mejorar el acceso de los servicios de salud y reducir los posibles gastos catastróficos relacionados con la salud en los hogares.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141664301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Participação de mulheres em gabinetes ministeriais de mulheres presidentes eleitosdemocraticamente na América Latina 拉丁美洲妇女参与民选女总统部长内阁的情况

Pensamiento Americano Pub Date : 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.17.33.624

David Andrés Camargo Mayorga, Liliana Elizabeth Ruiz Acosta, Wilson Lara Bernal

{"title":"Participação de mulheres em gabinetes ministeriais de mulheres presidentes eleitosdemocraticamente na América Latina","authors":"David Andrés Camargo Mayorga, Liliana Elizabeth Ruiz Acosta, Wilson Lara Bernal","doi":"10.21803/penamer.17.33.624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.17.33.624","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There are State policies that can contribute to increasing the participation of women in public life, one of which is the gender quotas implemented by some countries in this century. The idea that women and men have the same capacityto occupy leadership positions deserves a study of the conditions in which they access management positions. Objective: To describe the participation of women in the ministerial cabinets of the six democratically elected presidents in Latin America. Methodology: Qualitative-descriptive, based on documentary analysis. Results:The ministerial cabinets described were characterized by a relatively low presence of women, with high participation as in the case of Costa Rica, and low in Nicaragua. In addition, it was found that the duration of the ministers in their positions on average wasshort and that the ministries in which they were appointed are mostly not the ones with the greatest visibility and importance due to their performance. Conclusions: Female participation in female presidents’ cabinets was relatively weak due to the preferencethat continues to exist for male leaders.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"47 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ecocide of the Nechi river: Invocation of the inter communis effect 内奇河的生态灭绝：援引公社间效应

Pensamiento Americano Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.17.33.538

Luis Carlos Restrepo Jimenez, Katheleen Johana Restrepo Londoño

{"title":"Ecocide of the Nechi river: Invocation of the inter communis effect","authors":"Luis Carlos Restrepo Jimenez, Katheleen Johana Restrepo Londoño","doi":"10.21803/penamer.17.33.538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.17.33.538","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mining in Colombia has long been one of the economic activities carried out by the population, both illegally and artisanally; moreover, this practice hasspread to companies seeking to exploit these soil resources in our territories. However, the consequences of both practices raise alarms in nearby communities due to their damage to human health. Objective: The main objective of this work is to make the general public aware of the current situation of the Nechi River. This study employs a descriptive and qualitative approach to make visible the current situation of the NechiRiver, affected by the indiscriminate use of harmful chemicals such as mercury and others, due to illegal mining practices. This approach allows for a detailed understanding of the environmental and health impacts on the communities surrounding the river.Reflection: The results indicated that the Nechi River is indeed undergoing an ecocide that has it on the brink of extinction. Conclusions: All the aforementioned obligesthe State authorities to act and prevent catastrophic results in the future, using legal tools such as invoking the inter comunis effect, which would allow, by extension, the recognition of rights to the Nechi River.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Programa de intervención social para observación y solución del conflicto escolar en Colombia 哥伦比亚观察和解决校园冲突的社会干预计划

Pensamiento Americano Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.17.34.735

Carlos Miranda-Medina, L. Albor-Chadid, Karla Rodríguez-Burgos

{"title":"Programa de intervención social para observación y solución del conflicto escolar en Colombia","authors":"Carlos Miranda-Medina, L. Albor-Chadid, Karla Rodríguez-Burgos","doi":"10.21803/penamer.17.34.735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.17.34.735","url":null,"abstract":"Introducción: El artículo analiza el efecto de un programa de intervención social para medir las habilidades de resolución de conflicto y el razonamiento de observarlos con estudiantes de tres escuelas secundarias de Barranquilla (Colombia). Método: Se aplica un método cuantitativo pre experimental aplicando un cuestionario pretest y postest a 81 estudiantes, siendo un 50,6 % mujeres y un 49,4 % hombres. Resultados: El programa de intervención social genera una gran mejora en el razonamiento de los estudiantes para observar el conflicto con cambio en las medias de 2,27 a 1,86, con W de Wilcoxon de 720 y un tamaño del efecto (TE = 0,846) y un p valor de 0,001, mientras se presentó una mediana mejoría en las habilidades desarrolladas por los alumnos para la resolución de conﬂictos con M pretest = 2,43 a M postest 2,17, W = 466, TE = 0,566 y p valor= 0,002. Conclusiones: Las variables observadas para la resolución de conﬂictos pueden ser estimuladas a través de actividades que los entrenen en el reconocimiento del conﬂicto y les permita identificar herramientas con las que cuentan para resolverlos. Los resultados sugieren que este tipo de intervenciónse desarrolle de manera institucional y permanente para mejorar la forma de solucionar los conﬂictos en estudiantes y mejorar la convivencia escolar.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141374542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hidrocarburos y cambio climático: análisis del enfoque propuesto por la Resolución 40066 de 2022 碳氢化合物与气候变化：对 2022 年第 40066 号决议提出的方法的分析

Pensamiento Americano Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.17.33.644

Iván Vargas-Chaves, Alexandra Cumbe-Figueroa, C. Martínez-Londoño

引用次数: 0

Students’ reading comprehension: an educational case about a methodological proposal in education 学生的阅读理解能力：一个关于教育方法建议的教育案例

Pensamiento Americano Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.17.33.612

Bairon Jaramillo Valencia, Sara Larrea Fernández, Maria Teresa Ossa Cuartas

引用次数: 0

Legal gaps in the peruvian corporate network: Negative practices in boards of directors 秘鲁企业网络中的法律空白：董事会中的消极做法

Pensamiento Americano Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.17.33.481

Javier Pazos Hayashida, Miguel Ignacio Cordova Espinoza

引用次数: 0

The anthropomorphization of the human-animal bond in family dynamics: A documentary review 家庭动态中人与动物纽带的拟人化：纪录片回顾

Pensamiento Americano Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.17.33.618

Maria Cristina Correa Duque, Valentina Posada Hoyos, Anyerson Stiths Gómez Tabares

{"title":"The anthropomorphization of the human-animal bond in family dynamics: A documentary review","authors":"Maria Cristina Correa Duque, Valentina Posada Hoyos, Anyerson Stiths Gómez Tabares","doi":"10.21803/penamer.17.33.618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.17.33.618","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The study of the interaction between humans and companion animals has become more relevant due to changes in current social dynamics. Objective: To conduct a documentary review of the evolution of research on anthropomorphizationin animals and its impact on the human-animal bond characteristic of contemporary family dynamics. Methodology: This is a documentary review study supported by the Tree of Science (ToS) web tool for literature selection. The search was conducted inScopus and Web of Science. Thirty-one studies were included in the review. Results: The results were categorized into classical, structural and recent studies. It was found that the anthropomorphization of the animal and its inclusion in the family makes it possible to modify behaviors and establish habits in family life. The role of animals in the family scenario is directly influenced by the degree to which they are anthropomorphized, which generates both advantages and disadvantages for the family, the pets and their direct caregivers. Conclusions: Anthropomorphizing practices respond to contemporary changes in human relationships and perceived loneliness and may promote bonds in human-animal and human-human interactions.","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"57 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140970825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Centro de Orientación Psicosocial Educativo COPE como estrategia de retención y permanencia. 社会心理教育指导中心（COPE），作为留住学生和实现学生永久化的战略。

Pensamiento Americano Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.21803/penamer.17.33.629

Juan Guillermo Macías Sánchez, Diana Milena Vargas Rodríguez

{"title":"Centro de Orientación Psicosocial Educativo COPE como estrategia de retención y permanencia.","authors":"Juan Guillermo Macías Sánchez, Diana Milena Vargas Rodríguez","doi":"10.21803/penamer.17.33.629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.17.33.629","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Introduction: In the CCAV de Facatativá Virtual Care Community Center of the NationalOpen and Distance University (UNAD), students with difficulties in their academic processhave been identified, reflected in low historical average, repetitive loss of courses, long stay at theinstitution with little progress in their studies making it difficult to complete their professionaltraining; Therefore, the need arises to create a Retention and Permanence strategy that allowssupport for students from the academic and personal spheres, which is why the PsychosocialEducational Guidance Center (COPE) was created. Objective: Create COPE as a retention andpermanence strategy where timely attention is provided regarding the difficulties presented inthe development of the educational process of CCAV de Facatativá students. Methodology:Qualitative research, with action research design, protocols, contact formats, semi-structuredinterviews, field notes and questionnaires were used to collect information. Results: Of the 49users, 16 % were first-time students who continued their professionalization project with the university; 84 % corresponded to former students, of whom 81 % continued their academicprocess, and finally, 2 % of users decided to give up their academic training. Conclusions: Itcontributed to the promotion of personal reflection of users, and the potentialization of their personal resources, favoring the change of thoughts, emotions and/or behaviors in favor ofgreater academic and personal well-being.\u0000","PeriodicalId":507220,"journal":{"name":"Pensamiento Americano","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140720078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0