{"title":"Synthesis of NO by rotating sliding arc discharge reactor with conical-spiral electrodes","authors":"Bingyan Chen, Qi Liu, Zhicheng Tang, Xu Li, Chunyang Zhang, Xiangbin Guo, Xiang He, Wei Su, Yongfeng Jiang","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad6815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad6815","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Nitrogen oxides (NOx) generated by discharge plasma with air have many application prospects in the fields of medicine, nitrogen fixation, energy and environmental protection. In this paper, high voltage AC power supply was used to excite cone-spiral electrodes to generate large area discharge, amount of gaseous NOx was generated, and then nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was converted to nitric oxide (NO) by a redox reactor molybdenum wire under high temperature conditions. The results show that the generations of NOx are affected by the applied discharge energies, frequencies and airflow states (1.31-2.62 m/s are the laminar flow, 2.62-5.24m/s are the transition state, 5.24- 6.55m /s are the turbulent flow). Moreover, the concentrations of NO, NO2 and NOx gradually increased, and the concentration ratios of NO/NO2 and NOx/NO2 decreased with increasing the discharge power from 104.2 J to 170.2 J. Meanwhile, the concentrations of NO, NO2 and NOx gradually decreased, and the concentration ratios of NO/NO2 and NOx/NO2 first decreased and then increased with increasing the applied frequency from 5.0 kHz to 9.0 kHz. Further, the concentrations of NO, NO2 and NOx gradually decreased, and the concentration ratios of NO/NO2 and NOx/NO2 first increased and then decreased with increasing the air flow speeds from 1.31 m/s to 6.55 m/s. Additionally, the concentrations of NO gradually increased while the concentration of NO2 gradually decreased and the concentration unchanged basically by adjusting the temperature of the high-temperature molybdenum converted reaction device from 25 ℃ to 350 ℃. This research can provide experimental support for the application of plasma in the fields of medicine, nitrogen fixation, energy and environmental protection.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"8 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141802129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characteristics of divertor heat flux distribution with an island divertor configuration on the J-TEXT tokamak","authors":"Yutong Yang, Yunfeng Liang, Wei Yan, Shuangbao Shu, Jiankun Hua, Song Zhou, Qinghu Yang, Jinlong Guo, Ziyang Jin, Wei Xie","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad6816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad6816","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 On J-TEXT, the temporal evolution of heat flux distribution on the high-field side (HFS) divertor plate has been measured by an infrared (IR) camera during the plasma operation with an island divertor configuration. In experiments, the island divertor configuration is an edge magnetic island chain structure surrounded by stochastic layers, which can be induced by resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs). The experimental results show that the heat flux distribution on the HFS target plate depends significantly on the edge magnetic topology. Furthermore, the impact of Hydrogen fuelling by using supersonic molecular beam injection (SMBI) on the divertor heat flux distributions has also been studied on J-TEXT with an island divertor configuration. It has been observed that the power-detachment can be achieved when the radiation front approached the last closed flux surface (LCFS) after each SMBI pulse. This result may provide a method on access of divertor detachment on a fusion device with a three-dimensional (3D) boundary magnetic structure.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrated design and performance optimization of three-electrode sliding discharge plasma power supply","authors":"Borui Zheng, Linwu Wang, Jianbo Zhang, Shaojie Qi, Yihong Chen, Haodong Liu, Dongliang Bian","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad6814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad6814","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma actuator has been intensively investigated by researchers worldwide due to its simple structure, rapid response, and lack of mechanical moving parts. However, the limited discharge extension and uncontrollable induced jet direction restrict its engineering application. The tri-electrode sliding dielectric barrier discharge (TES-DBD) plasma actuator can overcome the above defects. However, the TES-DBD plasma actuator must be simultaneously driven by AC and DC power supplies, and the complex circuit connections and interactions between multiple power supplies increase energy consumption and system complexity. An integrated plasma supply suitable for the TES-DBD plasma actuators is designed to overcome the co-driven of multiple power supplies. The methodology encompasses designing the circuit topology for the TES-DBD power supply, followed by the simulation and validation of its operating principles utilizing Multisim software. The power supply's operational performance is assessed by comprehensively analyzing the electrical, thermal, and aerodynamic properties inherent to TES-DBD plasma actuation.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"60 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141799307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qing-Gang Zhou, Yanjie Zhang, C. Sang, Jiaxian Li, Guoyao Zheng, Yilin Wang, Yihan Wu, Dezhen Wang
{"title":"Simulation of tungsten impurity transport by DIVIMP under different divertor magnetic configurations on HL-3","authors":"Qing-Gang Zhou, Yanjie Zhang, C. Sang, Jiaxian Li, Guoyao Zheng, Yilin Wang, Yihan Wu, Dezhen Wang","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad6817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad6817","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Tungsten (W) accumulation in the core, depending on W generation and transport in the edge region, is a severe issue in fusion reactor. The divertor plasma parameters, such as heat flux to the target, can be effectively suppressed by changing the divertor magnetic configuration. Nevertheless, its impact on W core accumulation remains unclear. The HL-3 tokamak has advantage of operating with flexible divertor configurations, e.g. standard divertor (SD) and snowflake divertors (SFD). In this study, DIVIMP combined with SOLPS-ITER is applied to investigate the effects of divertor magnetic configurations (SD vs SFD) on W accumulation during neon injection in HL-3. It is found that W concentration in the core of SFD is significantly higher than that of SD with similar total W erosion flux. The reasons are: (1) W impurities in the core of SFD mainly originate from inner divertor, which has short leg, and the source is close to the divertor entrance and upstream separatrix. Furthermore, the SW0 is much stronger, especially near divertor entrance. (2) the region overlap of SW0 and F_(W,TOT) pointing to upstream promote W accumulation in the core. Moreover, influence of W source locations at inner target on W transport in the SFD is investigated. Tungsten impurity in the core is mainly contributed by target erosion at common flux region (CFR) away from strike point. This is attributed to that W source at this location enhances ionization source above the W ion stagnation point, which sequentially increases W penetration. Therefore, the suppression of far SOL inner target erosion can effectively prevent W impurities from accumulating in the core.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"46 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141800337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zuyu Zhang, T. Xu, Chijie Xiao, Xianli Huang, R. He, Ruixin Yuan, Xiaoyi Yang
{"title":"Poloidal magnetic field reconstruction by laser-driven ion-beam trace probe in spherical tokamak","authors":"Zuyu Zhang, T. Xu, Chijie Xiao, Xianli Huang, R. He, Ruixin Yuan, Xiaoyi Yang","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad6704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad6704","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The poloidal magnetic field (B_p) plays a critical role in plasma equilibrium, confinement and transport of magnetic confinement devices. Multiple diagnostic methods are needed to complement each other to obtain a more accurate B_p profile. Recently, the laser-driven ion-beam trace probe (LITP) has been proposed as a promising tool for diagnosing B_p and radial electric field (E_r) profiles in tokamaks [Yang X Y et al 2014 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85 11E429]. The spherical tokamak (ST) is a promising compact device with high plasma beta and naturally large elongation. However, when applying LITP to diagnosing B_p in STs, the larger B_p invalidates the linear reconstruction relationship for conventional tokamaks, necessitating the development of a nonlinear reconstruction principle tailored to STs. This novel approach employs an iterative reconstruction method based on Newton’s method to solve the nonlinear equation. Subsequently, a simulation model to reconstruct the B_p profile of STs is developed and the experimental setup of LITP is designed for EXL-50, a middle-sized ST. Simulation results of the reconstruction show that the relative errors of B_p reconstruction are mostly below 5%. Moreover, even with 5 mm measurement error on beam traces or 1 cm flux surface shape error, the average relative error of reconstruction remains below 15%, initially demonstrating the robustness of LITP in diagnosing B_p profiles in STs.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141809983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ziming Zhang, Chuan Fang, Yaoting Wang, Lanyue Luo, Heping Li
{"title":"Analyses of non-equilibrium transports in atmospheric-pressure direct-current argon discharges under different modes","authors":"Ziming Zhang, Chuan Fang, Yaoting Wang, Lanyue Luo, Heping Li","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad6705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad6705","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The key plasma parameters under different discharge modes, e.g., the heavy-particle and electron temperatures, the electron number density, the non-equilibrium volume of plasmas, play important roles in various applications of gas discharge plasmas. In this paper, a self-consistent two-dimensional non-equilibrium fluid model coupled with an external circuit model is established to reveal the mechanisms related to the discharge modes including the normal glow, abnormal glow, arc, and the glow-to-arc transition mode with the atmospheric-pressure direct-current (DC) argon discharge as a model plasma system. The modeling results show that under different discharge modes, the most significant difference between the preceding four discharge modes lies in the current and energy transfer processes on the cathode side. On the one hand, the current to the cathode surface is mainly delivered by the ions coming from the plasma column under the glow discharge mode due to the low temperature of the solid cathode, while the thermionic and secondary electrons emitted from the hot cathode surface play a very important role under the arc mode with a higher cathode surface temperature and higher ion flux towards the cathode. On the other hand, the energy transfer channel on the cathode side changes from mainly heating the solid cathode under the glow mode to simultaneously heating both the solid cathode and the plasma column under the arc mode with the increase of the discharge current. Consequently, the power density in the cathode sheath (Pc\u0000 ) is used as a key parameter for judging different discharge modes. And the range of (0.28 ~ 1.2)×1012 W·m-3 is determined as a critical window of Pc\u0000 corresponding to the glow-to-arc mode transition for the atmospheric-pressure DC argon discharges, which is also verified well by comparing with the experimental results in this study and the data in the previous literatures.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"78 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141807971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meng yu Wang, Jianping Liang, Ke Lu, Zikai Zhou, Qing hua Liu, Hao Yuan, Wenchun Wang, Dezheng Yang
{"title":"Degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in a multiphase mixed system by subaquatic gas-liquid discharge plasma","authors":"Meng yu Wang, Jianping Liang, Ke Lu, Zikai Zhou, Qing hua Liu, Hao Yuan, Wenchun Wang, Dezheng Yang","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad6706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad6706","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In recent years, antibiotic pollution has become a serious threat to human health. In this paper, a gas-liquid discharge plasma is developed to degrade ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in a multiphase mixed system containing inorganic and organic impurities. The discharge characteristics are analyzed by diagnosing the applied voltage and discharge current waveforms, as well as the optical emission spectra. The work investigates how degradation efficiency is affected by applied voltage, gas flow rate, treatment time, initial concentration as well as the addition of γ-Al2O3 pellets and peanut straw. After 70 min, the degradation efficiency of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in the multiphase mixed system reached 99.6%. Its removal efficiency increases as the initial concentration decreases and the applied voltage increases. Besides, there is still a good degradation efficiency of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride with the addition of peanut straw. The degradation mechanism of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride is investigated through the analysis of degraded intermediates and reactive species.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"34 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141809986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation of mode transitions in capacitively coupled Ar/O2 plasmas","authors":"Xiangmei Liu, Shuren Zhang, Shuxia Zhao, Hong-Yi Li, Xiaohui Ren","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad668d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad668d","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this work, the effects of the frequency, pressure, gas composition, and secondary-electron emission coefficient on the discharge mode in capacitively coupled Ar/O2 plasmas were carefully studied through simulations. Three discharge modes α, γ, and drift-ambipolar (DA) were considered in this study. The α mode involves electron power absorption resulting from interactions between free electrons and the expanded plasma sheath; the γ mode is dominated by secondary-electron heating; and the DA mode is electron power absorption mainly produced by the drift electric field in the plasma region and the ambipolar electric field at the edge of the sheath. The results show that a mode transition from the γ-DA hybrid mode dominated by the γ mode to the DA-α hybrid mode dominated by the DA mode is induced by increasing the frequency from 100 kHz to 40 MHz. Furthermore, the electron temperature decreases with increasing frequency, while the plasma density first decreases and then increases. It was found that the electronegativity increases slightly with increasing pressure in the low-frequency region, and it increases notably with increasing pressure in the high-frequency region. It was also observed that the frequency corresponding to the mode transition from γ to DA decreased when the secondary-electron emission coefficient was decreased. Finally, it was found that increasing the oxygen content weakens the γ mode and enhances the DA mode. More importantly, the density of oxygen atoms and ozone will increase greatly with increasing oxygen content, which is of great significance for industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"17 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141813798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhipeng Chen, Zhangsheng Huang, Min Jiang, T. Long, Lu Wang, Weixin Guo, Zhoujun Yang, Hai Liu, Tao Lan, Kaijun Zhao, Yuhong Xu, R. Ke, Youwen Sun, Hanhui Li, Wen He, Zhuang Ge, Yuejiang Shi, Wulyu Zhong, Yonghua Ding, Yunfeng Liang, Wenjing Tian, Xin Xu, Guodong Zhang, Malik Sadam Hussain, Patrick Diamond
{"title":"J-TEXT achievements in turbulence and transport in support of future device/reactor","authors":"Zhipeng Chen, Zhangsheng Huang, Min Jiang, T. Long, Lu Wang, Weixin Guo, Zhoujun Yang, Hai Liu, Tao Lan, Kaijun Zhao, Yuhong Xu, R. Ke, Youwen Sun, Hanhui Li, Wen He, Zhuang Ge, Yuejiang Shi, Wulyu Zhong, Yonghua Ding, Yunfeng Liang, Wenjing Tian, Xin Xu, Guodong Zhang, Malik Sadam Hussain, Patrick Diamond","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad663b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad663b","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Following the reconstruction of the TEXT tokamak in China at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, renamed as J-TEXT, a plethora of experimental and theoretical investigations have been conducted to elucidate the intricacies of turbulent transport within the tokamak configuration. These endeavors encompass not only the J-TEXT device's experimental advancements but also delve into critical issues pertinent to the optimization of future fusion devices and reactors. The researches include the topics about the suppression of turbulence, flow drive and damping, density limit, nonlocal transport, intrinsic toroidal flow, turbulence and flow with magnetic island, turbulent transport in stochastic layer, turbulence and zonal flow with energetic particles or helium ash. Several important achievements have been got in the last few years, which will be further elaborated upon in this comprehensive review.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141815820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peng Deng, W. Mao, Zhipeng Chen, Yinan Zhou, Peng Shi, Zhoujun Yang, Liutian Gao, Tao Lan, Jinlin Xie, Hong Li, Zian Wei, Adi Liu, Chu Zhou, Weixing Ding, Wandong Liu, Zhuang Ge
{"title":"The impact of toroidal mode coupling on high-density discharges in J-TEXT","authors":"Peng Deng, W. Mao, Zhipeng Chen, Yinan Zhou, Peng Shi, Zhoujun Yang, Liutian Gao, Tao Lan, Jinlin Xie, Hong Li, Zian Wei, Adi Liu, Chu Zhou, Weixing Ding, Wandong Liu, Zhuang Ge","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad659f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad659f","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Density limit has long been a widely studied issue influencing the operating range of tokamaks. The rapid growth of the m/n = 2/1 (where m and n are poloidal and toroidal mode numbers, respectively) tearing mode is generally regarded as a primary precursor to the density limit disruption. In this experiment, the coupling of the m/n=1/1 mode and the m/n = 2/1 mode in high density plasma was observed. During a sawtooth cycle, the frequencies of the two modes gradually converge until they become equal. After that, toroidal coupling occurs between the 1/1 and 2/1 modes, resulting in a mutually fixed phase relationship. With the occurrence of toroidal coupling, the 2/1 mode will be stabilized. Prior to the disruption, the cessation of the 1/1 and 2/1 mode coupling, along with the rapid growth in the amplitude of the 2/1 mode, can be observed. Additionally, under the same parameters, comparing discharges with or without the 1/1 mode, it is found that the presence of the 1/1 mode leads to higher plasma density and temperature parameters.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"107 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}