Comptes Rendus Palevol最新文献_第2页

Skeletal reconstruction of fossil vertebrates as a process of hypothesis testing and a source of anatomical and palaeobiological inferences 脊椎动物化石的骨骼重建是检验假设的过程，也是解剖学和古生物学推论的来源

Comptes Rendus Palevol Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.5852/cr-palevol2024v23a5

Corwin Sullivan, Robin Sissons, Henry Sharpe, Khoi Nguyen, Brandon Theurer

{"title":"Skeletal reconstruction of fossil vertebrates as a process of hypothesis testing and a source of anatomical and palaeobiological inferences","authors":"Corwin Sullivan, Robin Sissons, Henry Sharpe, Khoi Nguyen, Brandon Theurer","doi":"10.5852/cr-palevol2024v23a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2024v23a5","url":null,"abstract":"Reconstructions of extinct animals play an important role in vertebrate palaeontology. Such reconstructions represent visual hypotheses regarding the original morphology of the vertebrates they depict, which are amenable to future testing as additional information comes to light through discoveries of new specimens and re-examination of specimens that have already been collected. In this contribution, we argue that the scientific value of reconstructing a fossil vertebrate extends beyond simple presentation of a visual hypothesis, because the process of creating a reconstruction is itself analytical and hypothetico-deductive. Successive drafts of the reconstruction represent provisional visual hypotheses that can be tested on the basis of their internal consistency and their congruence with empirical evidence about the extinct taxon that is the reconstruction’s subject. Iterative refinement of the reconstruction over successive rounds of testing and modification is likely to lead to discoveries about the subject’s anatomy, as certain anatomical possibilities are rejected and others found to be plausible. These anatomical discoveries, here termed first-order inferences, may in turn lead to second-order inferences about functional morphology or other aspects of palaeobiology. Three case studies from dinosaur palaeontology, respectively involving the skull of the hadrosaurid Edmontosaurus Lambe, 1917, the forelimb of the ceratopsid Pachyrhinosaurus Sternberg, 1950, and the hindlimb of an indeterminate ceratopsid, are provided to illustrate how the process of reconstruction can be a fertile source of discoveries.","PeriodicalId":506466,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Palevol","volume":"23 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139865288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Diane Scott: extraordinary researcher and scientific illustrator in vertebrate paleontology 黛安-斯科特：杰出的古脊椎动物学研究员和科学插图画家

Comptes Rendus Palevol Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.5852/cr-palevol2024v23a4

R. Reisz, Michael Debraga

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Diane Scott: extraordinary researcher and scientific illustrator in vertebrate paleontology 黛安-斯科特：杰出的古脊椎动物学研究员和科学插图画家

Comptes Rendus Palevol Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.5852/cr-palevol2024v23a4

R. Reisz, Michael Debraga

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Tooth in the spotlight: exploring the integration of archaeological and genetic data to build multidisciplinary narratives of the Past 聚光灯下的牙齿：探索整合考古和基因数据，构建多学科的 "过去 "叙事

Comptes Rendus Palevol Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.5852/cr-palevol2024v23a2

Francesco D’ERRICO, Luc Doyon, J. Zilhão, Jack Baker

{"title":"Tooth in the spotlight: exploring the integration of archaeological and genetic data to build multidisciplinary narratives of the Past","authors":"Francesco D’ERRICO, Luc Doyon, J. Zilhão, Jack Baker","doi":"10.5852/cr-palevol2024v23a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2024v23a2","url":null,"abstract":"The article addresses the challenges posed by the interdisciplinary collaboration that led to the recent Nature article presenting results of the extraction of ancient human DNA from a perforated deer tooth found in Denisova Cave. We provide a critical analysis of the contextual data that directly impacts the interpretation of the genetic data and the evaluation of the potential of the new DNA extraction technique for future studies. We discuss in greater detail Denisova, the only site that has produced truly exploitable palaeogenetic results. We highlight major unresolved dating inconsistencies at Denisova that need inquiry and explanation. We also emphasize the lack of an appropriate theoretical framework in the analysis of the tooth, of information on the lateralization, sex, age, perforation technique, wear, on the ochre residues, and the release of erroneous information on the associated faunal assemblage. We conclude that quality archaeological data and their sound evaluation should complement paleogenetic data to create unified, reliable, and verifiable narratives about human history.","PeriodicalId":506466,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Palevol","volume":"30 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139608038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Faire gras à Molène: dairy products and ruminant fats detected by lipid and isotopic analysis of pottery dating to the Final Neolithic-Early Bronze Age from the island site of Beg ar Loued (Molène, western Brittany, France) Faire gras à Molène：通过对 Beg ar Loued 岛遗址（法国布列塔尼西部莫莱纳）出土的新石器时代晚期至青铜时代早期陶器进行脂质和同位素分析，发现乳制品和反刍动物脂肪

Comptes Rendus Palevol Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.5852/cr-palevol2024v23a1

Camielsa Prévost, A. Suryanarayan, Yvan Pailler, Clément Nicolas, Thierry Blasco, A. Mazuy, Pauline Hanot, Yvon Dréano, Catherine Dupont, Martine Regert

{"title":"Faire gras à Molène: dairy products and ruminant fats detected by lipid and isotopic analysis of pottery dating to the Final Neolithic-Early Bronze Age from the island site of Beg ar Loued (Molène, western Brittany, France)","authors":"Camielsa Prévost, A. Suryanarayan, Yvan Pailler, Clément Nicolas, Thierry Blasco, A. Mazuy, Pauline Hanot, Yvon Dréano, Catherine Dupont, Martine Regert","doi":"10.5852/cr-palevol2024v23a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2024v23a1","url":null,"abstract":"The subsistence strategies of early farming communities have been highlighted since the beginning of the Neolithic, thanks to numerous studies on lipid residues from ceramic vessels conducted in various parts of continental Europe. However, after the Early Neolithic, evidence of subsistence strategies along the northern Atlantic coast are still lacking, especially for island contexts. This paper presents the results of lipid residue analysis of 129 potsherds from Beg ar Loued (Molène, France), an island site dating primarily to the Early Bronze Age (c. 2700-2600 to 1800 BCE). Aiming to understand the use of vessels, vessel treatment and culinary practices on the settlement, analyses of visible charred residues, sherds and ceramic surfaces/coating layers were carried out using chromatographic (n = 174) and isotopic techniques (n = 24) after lipid extraction by solvent (n = 174) or acid methanolysis (n = 31). The results demonstrate the extensive use of terrestrial products (ruminant carcass and dairy) in pottery, including occasional plant products (with possible mixtures of different waxes), while the detection of aquatic products is limited. Thus, combined with evidence from faunal remains at the site, the results indicate that terrestrial resources like ruminant meat and dairy products were preferentially processed in vessels, and aquatic products mostly without the use of ceramics. These findings demonstrate the significance of lipid residue analysis for studying the role of pottery in food production and consumption at sites along the Atlantic coast.","PeriodicalId":506466,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus Palevol","volume":" 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139620430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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