Journal of Risk Research最新文献_第2页

Possible harms of artificial intelligence and the EU AI act: fundamental rights and risk 人工智能的可能危害与欧盟人工智能法案：基本权利与风险

Journal of Risk Research Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1080/13669877.2024.2350720

Isabel Kusche

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of information quality derived from AI-related information systems used for risk applications 评估用于风险应用的人工智能相关信息系统所产生的信息质量

Journal of Risk Research Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1080/13669877.2024.2340013

S. Thekdi, T. Aven

引用次数: 0

The relationships between citizens’ perceptions of corporate political activity and their health risk perception 公民对企业政治活动的看法与他们的健康风险认知之间的关系

Journal of Risk Research Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1080/13669877.2024.2350724

V. Tortosa-Edo, M. López-Navarro

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Exploring public acceptance of nuclear waste in Taiwan, China: investigating the impact of perceived risks and benefits of nuclear energy 探索中国台湾公众对核废料的接受程度：调查核能的风险和利益认知的影响

Journal of Risk Research Pub Date : 2023-12-02 DOI: 10.1080/13669877.2023.2288002

Yinghan Liang, Ben Ma, Ziyao Wang, Q. Bian

{"title":"Exploring public acceptance of nuclear waste in Taiwan, China: investigating the impact of perceived risks and benefits of nuclear energy","authors":"Yinghan Liang, Ben Ma, Ziyao Wang, Q. Bian","doi":"10.1080/13669877.2023.2288002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2023.2288002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nuclear energy has become a complicated and controversial issue. The public perception of controversial issues in general has an influential role in this policy debate. With representative data (N = 1,933) from Taiwan, China, this study explores the factors that influence public acceptance of nuclear waste facilities and suggests a moderating mediation model of their acceptance. This study finds that public acceptance of nuclear waste facilities is typically a psychological perception issue, rather than a political one which is quite different from public acceptance of nuclear energy. In addition, this study finds that perceived environmental justice is a significant variable in the relationship between risk perception of nuclear waste and public acceptance of nuclear waste facilities. Further, this study also summarizes a moderated mediation model of the public’s acceptance of nuclear waste facilities and reveals the risk perception of nuclear energy weakens, while the benefit perception of nuclear energy strengthens the relationship between the risk perception of nuclear waste facilities and public acceptance of nuclear waste facilities. Furthermore, a substitutional relationship between the risk perception of nuclear energy and the risk perception of nuclear waste facilities was identified. Policy implications based on the empirical results are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":505974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk Research","volume":"18 3","pages":"1314 - 1330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139187668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and validation of the Design-for-Safety (DfS) climate measurement tool 开发和验证安全设计（DfS）气候测量工具

Journal of Risk Research Pub Date : 2023-12-02 DOI: 10.1080/13669877.2023.2288003

Michelle S H Lim, Yang Miang Goh

{"title":"Development and validation of the Design-for-Safety (DfS) climate measurement tool","authors":"Michelle S H Lim, Yang Miang Goh","doi":"10.1080/13669877.2023.2288003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2023.2288003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Design-for-Safety (DfS) is a promising intervention to address safety and health risks in construction. At the same time, past research on construction safety and health consistently emphasized the importance of measuring safety climate in ensuring good safety performance. However, existing construction safety climate measurement tools are focused on measuring construction workers’ perception of safety management within their projects or organizations. Therefore, existing construction safety climate construct and measurement tools cannot be directly applied in the DfS context, which is focused on the upstream project team comprising designers and developers. Thus, the DfS climate construct and a corresponding measurement instrument were created. DfS climate is defined as project team members’ shared perceptions of the DfS policies, practices, and procedures that arise from the behaviours they observe getting rewarded, supported, and expected. With a sample of 242 responses, the questionnaire was subjected to exploratory factor analysis. The instrument consisted of 19 questions. These questions were split into five dimensions: participation of leader, member cooperation, member participation, project resources, and expectations for stakeholder representation. The study found that DfS climate was linked to outcome variables such as whether design changes arising from DfS review would be incorporated into the design. The research makes an academic contribution by creating the concept of DfS climate, accounting for the cognitive aspect of performing DfS. In addition, practical contributions are made as organizations can measure the DfS climate for their projects and find areas to improve.","PeriodicalId":505974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk Research","volume":"19 3","pages":"1331 - 1352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139187666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insufficiency and capacity: seeking and processing of risk information about PFAS 不足与能力：寻求和处理有关全氟辛烷磺酸的风险信息

Journal of Risk Research Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1080/13669877.2023.2288014

Xinxia Dong, J. Yang

引用次数: 0

Competing institutional logics in hospital management during the COVID-19 pandemic – lessons for the future COVID-19 大流行期间医院管理中相互竞争的机构逻辑--未来的经验教训

Journal of Risk Research Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1080/13669877.2023.2288000

L. Kjekshus

{"title":"Competing institutional logics in hospital management during the COVID-19 pandemic – lessons for the future","authors":"L. Kjekshus","doi":"10.1080/13669877.2023.2288000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2023.2288000","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hospitals had to adapt quickly when the COVID-19 pandemic broke out in January 2020. This article analyses the organisation of the crisis management efforts of Oslo University Hospital (OUH). The analysis is based on theories that organising is a process of sensemaking, especially in the face of unexpected events. Crises stress test organisations and can highlight important decision patterns and otherwise hidden underlying logics. Theories of emergency and crisis management distinguish between anticipation and resilience. In the analyses of the OUH case, two different emergency logics, planned and ad hoc was identified. The different logics create tension in priorities and the choice of problems and solutions during the pandemic. The analysis was based on 19 in-depth interviews that took place in three clinics at OUH between December 2020 and November 2021, as well as internal audits and documents from OUH and published works. The analysis of OUH show that the resilient, ad hoc emergency logic was mostly present in the first phase of the pandemic and allowed flexibility and fast centralised decision-making. This process-based organising is particularly suitable to tackle crises but face difficulties in normal operations. To learn from past crisis management experiences and develop robust hospitals for the future, a greater awareness of the relationship between different emergency logics and sensemaking in crises is needed.","PeriodicalId":505974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"1299 - 1313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139213763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Public perceptions of hydrogen hubs in Southwestern Pennsylvania 公众对宾夕法尼亚州西南部氢气枢纽的看法

Journal of Risk Research Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1080/13669877.2023.2287999

Ioana Iacob, M. G. Morgan

{"title":"Public perceptions of hydrogen hubs in Southwestern Pennsylvania","authors":"Ioana Iacob, M. G. Morgan","doi":"10.1080/13669877.2023.2287999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2023.2287999","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract With the growing interest in hydrogen as an energy carrier and the federal-level investments in the development of hydrogen hubs in the United States, public perception and understanding of hydrogen and of regional hydrogen hubs will play a key role. The tri-state region of Southwestern Pennsylvania is a prime candidate for the development of such a hub. Because most people in the region have almost no familiarity with hydrogen, a modified mental models approach was developed. Eight participatory seminars were conducted over the course of five months in the greater Pittsburgh region to develop an initial understanding of likely public reactions. The study presents an overview of which advantages, disadvantages and uncertainties were mentioned across the group interviews, both as related to blue hydrogen and to a hypothetical hydrogen hub. While some discussions confirmed prior findings on public perception studies, we found that even when topics are not introduced by a facilitator, the interviews allowed participants the freedom to raise even advanced engineering topics independently. The groups were asked to identify which groups would be likely to support and oppose a hypothetical hub project. Participants’ responses displayed unique regional considerations. Based on the discussions observed, developing a cohesive public communication strategy between public and private sectors will need to account for both hydrogen production methods and, where relevant, associated technologies (such as carbon capture and sequestration). Lastly, regional differences are likely to play a role in determining the topics and communication strategy that would best address potential concerns of residents.","PeriodicalId":505974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"1283 - 1298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139290964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How states deal with long-term destabilizing risks 国家如何应对长期不稳定风险

Journal of Risk Research Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1080/13669877.2023.2259405

Bas Heerma van Voss, Ira Helsloot

{"title":"How states deal with long-term destabilizing risks","authors":"Bas Heerma van Voss, Ira Helsloot","doi":"10.1080/13669877.2023.2259405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2023.2259405","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Many risks of events with the potential to cause societal collapse either lie far in the future or have a low chance of materializing in any given year. However, optimal mitigation of these long-term destabilizing risks requires state action in the present. We provide a novel framework for understanding why states struggle to formulate a rational response to these risks. In our framework, insights from cognitive psychology, long-term governance and game theory in international relations are integrated. Cognitive biases limit state forecasting accuracy; political incentives and state structures are generally not aligned with tackling the important challenges of the long-term; and global cooperation, a necessary component of mitigation of long-term destabilizing risks, is constrained by suboptimal institutional design in the face of game-theoretical challenges to cooperation. We illustrate this framework by looking at the case of how states fared against epidemic risk in the pre-COVID-19 period. Using 2019 indices of pandemic preparedness, we show that, as a result of the challenges included in our framework, almost all countries failed to take low-cost, high-benefit measures for preventing and mitigating pandemic risk. This underinvestment was widely acknowledged at the time, and occurred in spite of the well-established favorable cost-benefit ratios of such measures. In addition, international cooperation failed to lead to adequate preventive, mitigative and response policies. We argue that, considering the stakes, deepening our knowledge of why states do not adequately mitigate long-term destabilizing risks should be a priority for the study of governance. We conclude with recommendations both for policy makers and researchers.","PeriodicalId":505974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Risk Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"1119 - 1136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139323822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0