Development Genes and Evolution最新文献

{"title":"From genes to environment in shaping of an embryo: understanding embryonic-extraembryonic interactions at the BSDB autumn meeting in Oxford.","authors":"Anna Ajduk, Elizabeth J Duncan","doi":"10.1007/s00427-019-00628-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00427-019-00628-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The British Society for Developmental Biology Autumn Meeting, held in Oxford in September 2018, was the third in a series of international workshops which have been focussed on development at the extraembryonic-embryonic interface. This workshop, entitled \"Embryonic-Extraembryonic Interactions: from Genetics to Environment\" built on the two previous workshops held in 2011 (Leuven, Belgium) and 2015 (Göttingen, Germany). This workshop brought together researchers utilising a diverse range of organisms (including both vertebrate and invertebrate species) and a range of experimental approaches to answer core questions in developmental biology. This meeting report highlights some of the major themes emerging from the workshop including an evolutionary perspective as well as recent advances that have been made through the adoption of emerging techniques and technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":50588,"journal":{"name":"Development Genes and Evolution","volume":"229 2-3","pages":"83-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6500506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36993094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: From genes to environment in shaping of an embryo: understanding embryonic-extraembryonic interactions at the BSDB autumn meeting in Oxford","authors":"A. Ajduk, E. Duncan","doi":"10.1007/s00427-019-00638-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00427-019-00638-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50588,"journal":{"name":"Development Genes and Evolution","volume":"35 1","pages":"207 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2019-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79878896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early development of the feeding larva of the sea urchin Heliocidaris tuberculata: role of the small micromeres.","authors":"Valerie B Morris, Eleanor Kable, Demian Koop, Paula Cisternas, Maria Byrne","doi":"10.1007/s00427-018-0622-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00427-018-0622-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The two modes of development in sea urchins are direct development, in which the adult develops directly from the gastrula to the adult and does not feed, and indirect development, in which the adult develops indirectly through a feeding larva. In this account of the indirect, feeding larva of Heliocidaris tuberculata, the question raised is whether an evolutionary difference of unequal cell divisions contributes to the development of feeding structures in the indirect larva. In indirect development, the cell divisions at the fourth and fifth cell cycles of the zygote are unequal, with four small micromeres formed at the vegetal pole at the fifth cell division. In direct development, these cell divisions are not unequal. From their position at the head of the archenteron, the small micromeres are strategically located to contribute to the feeding tissues of the larva and the adult of H. tuberculata.</p>","PeriodicalId":50588,"journal":{"name":"Development Genes and Evolution","volume":"229 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36677675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicatein expression in Haliclona indistincta (Phylum Porifera, Order Haplosclerida) at different developmental stages.","authors":"Jose Maria Aguilar-Camacho, Grace P McCormack","doi":"10.1007/s00427-019-00627-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00427-019-00627-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Silicatein is the main protein responsible for the formation of spicules, tiny structures that constitute the silica skeleton of marine demosponges (Phylum Porifera). A unique innovation in Porifera that evolved from the cathepsin L family of proteins, it has been reported that two amino acids (S and H) are necessary to form the catalytic triad (SHN) to enable silica condensation. However, a diversity of silicatein sequence variants has since been reported with a variable pattern of presence/absence across sponge groups. Variants containing CHN or C/SQN at the active site appear more common in sponges from the Haplosclerida. Here, we report the expression levels of five silicatein variants through different developmental stages in the haplosclerid Haliclona indistincta. All five silicatein variants were expressed at low levels in the free-swimming larvae, which lack spicules and expression significantly increased at the two developmental phases in which spicules were visible. At these two phases, silicateins of CHN and C/SQN types were much more highly expressed than the SHN type indicating a possible ability of active sites with these alternative amino acids to condense silica and a more complex evolutionary story for spicule formation in marine demosponges than previously understood.</p>","PeriodicalId":50588,"journal":{"name":"Development Genes and Evolution","volume":"229 1","pages":"35-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36962373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Notch repressor complex in Drosophila: in vivo analysis of Hairless mutants using overexpression experiments.","authors":"Thomas K Smylla, Markus Meier, Anette Preiss, Dieter Maier","doi":"10.1007/s00427-018-00624-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00427-018-00624-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During development of higher animals, the Notch signalling pathway governs cell type specification by mediating appropriate gene expression responses. In the absence of signalling, Notch target genes are silenced by repressor complexes. In the model organism Drosophila melanogaster, the repressor complex includes the transcription factor Suppressor of Hairless [Su(H)] and Hairless (H) plus general co-repressors. Recent crystal structure analysis of the Drosophila Notch repressor revealed details of the Su(H)-H complex. They were confirmed by mutational analyses of either protein; however, only Su(H) mutants have been further studied in vivo. Here, we analyse three H variants predicted to affect Su(H) binding. To this end, amino acid replacements Phenylalanine 237, Leucines 245 and 247, as well as Tryptophan 258 to Alanine were introduced into the H protein. A cell-based reporter assay indicates substantial loss of Su(H) binding to the respective mutant proteins H^FA, H^LLAA and H^WA. For in vivo analysis, UAS-lines H^FA, H^LLAA and H^WA were generated to allow spatially restricted overexpression. In these assays, all three mutants resembled the H^LD control, shown before to lack Su(H) binding, indicating a strong reduction of H activity. For example, the H variants were impaired in wing margin formation, but unexpectedly induced ectopic wing venation. Concurrent overexpression with Su(H), however, suggests that all mutant H protein isoforms are still able to bind Su(H) in vivo. We conclude that a weakening of the cohesion in the H-Su(H) repressor complex is sufficient for disrupting its in vivo functionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":50588,"journal":{"name":"Development Genes and Evolution","volume":"229 1","pages":"13-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36837966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Independent evolution of complex development in animals and plants: deep homology and lateral gene transfer.","authors":"Aurora M Nedelcu","doi":"10.1007/s00427-019-00626-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00427-019-00626-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The evolution of multicellularity is a premier example of phenotypic convergence: simple multicellularity evolved independently many times, and complex multicellular phenotypes are found in several distant groups. Furthermore, both animal and plant lineages have independently reached extreme levels of morphological, functional, and developmental complexity. This study explores the genetic basis for the parallel evolution of complex multicellularity and development in the animal and green plant (i.e., green algae and land plants) lineages. Specifically, the study (i) identifies the SAND domain-a DNA-binding domain with important roles in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation, as unique to animals, green algae, and land plants; and (ii) suggests that the parallel deployment of this ancestral domain in similar regulatory roles could have contributed to the independent evolution of complex development in these distant groups. Given the deep animal-green plant divergence, the limited distribution of the SAND domain is best explained by invoking a lateral gene transfer (LGT) event from a green alga to an early metazoan. The presence of a sequence motif specifically shared by a family of SAND-containing transcription factors involved in the evolution of complex multicellularity in volvocine algae and two types of SAND proteins that emerged early in the evolution of animals is consistent with this scenario. Overall, these findings imply that (i) in addition to be involved in the evolution of similar phenotypes, deep homologous sequences can also contribute to shaping parallel evolutionary trajectories in distant lineages, and (ii) LGT could provide an additional source of latent homologous sequences that can be deployed in analogous roles and affect the evolutionary potentials of distantly related groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":50588,"journal":{"name":"Development Genes and Evolution","volume":"229 1","pages":"25-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36899805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome analysis of scyphozoan jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum from polyp to medusa identifies potential genes regulating strobilation.","authors":"Jianlong Ge, Changlin Liu, Jie Tan, Li Bian, Siqing Chen","doi":"10.1007/s00427-018-0621-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00427-018-0621-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Strobilation is a unique asexual reproduction mode of scyphozoan jellyfish, through which benthic polyp develops into pelagic medusa. It is an orderly metamorphosis process triggered by environmental signals. However, the knowledges of molecular mechanisms under the drastic morphological and physiological changes are still limited. In this study, the transcriptomes from polyps to juvenile medusae at different stages were characterized by RNA-seq in scyphozoan jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum. Among 96,076 de novo assembled unigenes, 7090 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified during the developmental stages. The co-expression pattern analysis of DEGs yielded 15 clusters with different expression patterns. Among them, a cluster with 388 unigenes was related to strobila. In this specific cluster, the GO terms related to \"sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity\" and \"sequence-specific DNA binding\" were significantly enriched. Transcription factors, including segmentation protein even-skipped-like, segmentation polarity protein engrailed-like, homeobox proteins Otx-like, Twist-like and Cnox2-Pc-like, as well as genes such as RxR-like and Dmrtf-like, were identified to be potentially involved in strobilation. Their expression patterns and the other 11 TFs/genes involved in strobilation were confirmed with qRT-PCR methods. The present study pointed out the role of transcription factors in strobilation and produced a list of novel candidate genes for further studies. It could provide valuable information for understanding the molecular mechanisms of jellyfish strobilation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50588,"journal":{"name":"Development Genes and Evolution","volume":"228 6","pages":"243-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36675210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of hyaluronan synthases upregulated by thyroid hormone is involved in intestinal stem cell development during Xenopus laevis metamorphosis.","authors":"Kenta Fujimoto, Takashi Hasebe, Mitsuko Kajita, Atsuko Ishizuya-Oka","doi":"10.1007/s00427-018-0623-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00427-018-0623-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During amphibian intestinal remodeling, thyroid hormone (TH) induces adult stem cells, which newly generate the absorptive epithelium analogous to the mammalian one. We have previously shown that hyaluronan (HA) is newly synthesized and plays an essential role in the development of the stem cells via its major receptor CD44 in the Xenopus laevis intestine. We here focused on HA synthase (HAS) and examined how the expression of HAS family genes is regulated during natural and TH-induced metamorphosis. Our quantitative RT-PCR analysis indicated that the mRNA expression of HAS2 and HAS3, but not that of HAS1 and HAS-rs, a unique Xenopus HAS-related sequence, is upregulated concomitantly with the development of adult epithelial primordia consisting of the stem/progenitor cells during the metamorphic climax. In addition, our in situ hybridization analysis indicated that the HAS3 mRNA is specifically expressed in the adult epithelial primordia, whereas HAS2 mRNA is expressed in both the adult epithelial primordia and nearby connective tissue cells during this period. Furthermore, by treating X. laevis tadpoles with 4-methylumbelliferone, a HA synthesis inhibitor, we have experimentally shown that inhibition of HA synthesis leads to suppression of TH-upregulated expression of leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled 5 (LGR5), an intestinal stem cell marker, CD44, HAS2, HAS3, and gelatinase A in vivo. These findings suggest that HA newly synthesized by HAS2 and/or HAS3 is required for intestinal stem cell development through a positive feedback loop and is involved in the formation of the stem cell niche during metamorphosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50588,"journal":{"name":"Development Genes and Evolution","volume":"228 6","pages":"267-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36666902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic analysis and expression profiling of the Klotho gene family in the short-lived African killifish Nothobranchius furzeri.","authors":"Gordin Zupkovitz,&nbsp;Julijan Kabiljo,&nbsp;David Martin,&nbsp;Sylvia Laffer,&nbsp;Christian Schöfer,&nbsp;Oliver Pusch","doi":"10.1007/s00427-018-0619-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00427-018-0619-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Members of the Klotho gene family have been identified as modulators of the aging process. Deletion of αklotho in the mouse results in a syndrome resembling rapid human aging. Conversely, overexpression of αklotho extends mammalian lifespan. Here, we identify klotho orthologs in the vertebrate aging model Nothobranchius furzeri and provide a detailed spatio-temporal expression profile of both paralogs, α and βklotho, from embryogenesis until old age spanning the entire life cycle of the organism. Specifically, we observe low levels of expression of both paralogs during embryogenesis followed by a significant transcriptional induction as development proceeds. In adult killifish, αklotho is predominantly expressed in the liver, the kidney, and the developing pharyngeal teeth. Particularly high levels of αKlotho protein were identified in the kidney tubules, closely resembling mammalian expression patterns. Prominent βklotho expression was detected in the killifish intestine and liver. Overall, qRT-PCR analysis of Klotho members as a function of age revealed steady transcript levels, except for βklotho expression in the liver which was significantly downregulated with age. This spatio-temporal expression profiling may serve as a useful starting point to further investigate the distinct physiological roles of Klotho members during the aging process.</p>","PeriodicalId":50588,"journal":{"name":"Development Genes and Evolution","volume":"228 6","pages":"255-265"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00427-018-0619-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36454891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microsynteny analysis to understand evolution and impact of polyploidization on MIR319 family within Brassicaceae.","authors":"Gauri Joshi, Chetan Chauhan, Sandip Das","doi":"10.1007/s00427-018-0620-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00427-018-0620-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The availability of a large number of whole-genome sequences allows comparative genomic analysis to reveal and understand evolution of regulatory regions and elements. The role played by events such as whole-genome and segmental duplications followed by genome fractionation in shaping genomic landscape and in expansion of gene families is crucial toward developing insights into evolutionary trends and consequences such as sequence and functional diversification. Members of Brassicaceae are known to have experienced several rounds of whole-genome duplication (WGD) that have been termed as paleopolyploidy, mesopolyploidy, and neopolyploidy. Such repeated events led to the creation and expansion of a large number of gene families. MIR319 is reported to be one of the most ancient and conserved plant MIRNA families and plays a role in growth and development including leaf development, seedling development, and embryo patterning. We have previously reported functional diversification of members of miR319 in Brassica oleracea affecting leaf architecture; however, the evolutionary history of the MIR319 gene family across Brassicaceae remains unknown and requires investigation. We therefore identified homologous and homeologous segments of ca. 100 kb, with or without MIR319, performed comparative synteny analysis and genome fractionation studies. We detected variable rates of gene retention across members of Brassicaceae when genomic blocks of MIR319a, MIR319b, and MIR319c were compared either between themselves or against Arabidopsis thaliana genome which was taken as the base genome. The highest levels of shared genes were found between A. thaliana and Capsella rubella in both MIR319b- and MIR319c-containing genomic segments, and with the closest species of A. thaliana, A. lyrata, only in MIR319a-containing segment. Synteny analysis across 12 genomes (with 30 sub-genomes) revealed MIR319c to be the most conserved MIRNA loci (present in 27 genomes/sub-genomes) followed by MIR319a (present in 23 genomes/sub-genomes); MIR319b was found to be frequently lost (present in 20 genomes/sub-genomes) and thus is under least selection pressure for retention. Genome fractionation revealed extensive and differential loss of MIRNA homeologous loci and flanking genes from various sub-genomes of Brassica species that is in accordance with their older history of polyploidy when compared to Camelina sativa, a recent neopolyploid, where the effect of genome fractionation was least. Finally, estimation of phylogenetic relationship using precursor sequences of MIR319 reveals MIR319a and MIR319b form sister clades, with MIR319c forming a separate clade. An intra-species synteny analysis between MIR319a-, MIR319b-, and MIR319c-containing genomic segments suggests segmental duplications at the base of Brassicaceae to be responsible for the origin of MIR319a and MIR319b.</p>","PeriodicalId":50588,"journal":{"name":"Development Genes and Evolution","volume":"228 6","pages":"227-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36514593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}