Federalism Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.21686/2073-1051-2024-2-78-95

L. V. Dmitrieva

{"title":"Characteristics of the Basic Socio-Economic Factors of the Development of Small Towns in Russia","authors":"L. V. Dmitrieva","doi":"10.21686/2073-1051-2024-2-78-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2024-2-78-95","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, small towns in Russia are going through a difficult period due to changes in the economic situation, demographic trends and financial constraints. These factors have a significant impact on the lives of citizens and require in-depth study and analysis. The purpose of the study is to identify the general features of small forms of settlement as part of the regional socio-economic system for the further development of proposals for the formation of specific measures for the socio-economic development of small towns. The research was conducted on a sample of data from 82 regions of Russia for 2018–2022 according to 11 statistical hypotheses. The work used modern methods of statistical analysis, including testing the normality of distribution (ShapiroWilk statistics), equality of variances (Livigne criterion) and the method of statistical testing of hypotheses based on the Mann-Whitney test. Calculations were performed in the Python software environment using the NumPy and Pandas libraries for data preprocessing and SciPy and XlsxWriter for statistical analysis and export results. The following socio-economic indicators are considered: average per capita cash income of the population, gross regional product and investment in fixed capital per capita, average turnover of organizations and the share of the population with cash income below the subsistence level. It is shown that, within the framework of the existing administrative structure of regional governance, regions with different levels of urbanization have statistically significant differences in these indicators. At the same time, no such differences were found in relation to indicators such as expenditures and revenues of consolidated budgets per person, the total area of residential premises per inhabitant on average, the fertility rate, the population maturity index and the dynamics of population change over 10 years (2012-2022 inclusive).","PeriodicalId":505601,"journal":{"name":"Federalism","volume":" 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Agricultural Vertical Cooperatives: the State and Directions of State Support 农业垂直合作社：国家和国家支持的方向

Federalism Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.21686/2073-1051-2024-2-48-62

A. Petrikov

引用次数: 0

Transformation Directions for Strategic Planning in Major Russian Cities 俄罗斯主要城市战略规划的转型方向

Federalism Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.21686/2073-1051-2024-2-96-109

O. V. Spitsyna

{"title":"Transformation Directions for Strategic Planning in Major Russian Cities","authors":"O. V. Spitsyna","doi":"10.21686/2073-1051-2024-2-96-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2024-2-96-109","url":null,"abstract":"Major Russian cities, as objects of strategic planning, deserve special attention due to their positioning as centers of economic growth with significant potential for addressing the region’s vital issues. However, the approval of strategies for major cities, like other municipalities, falls within the competence of local self-government. The powers and functions of local self-government, as well as its resource base, are legislatively delineated and do not align with the complex system of a municipal megacity, encompassing economic, social, territorial, public, managerial, and administrative components. These outlined contradictions, along with organizational and legal shortcomings, can affect the comprehensiveness of applying strategic planning in the development and implementation of long-term urban development plans. Strategic planning in public administration is in a developmental phase; however, uncertainty regarding a systemic goal-setting document, insufficient methodological support, lack of coordinated activities among strategic planning participants, and adaptation to global challenges prevent the full utilization of its potential for managing economic development both at the national level and in individual regions and municipalities. Therefore, tools and methods for improving the practice of strategic planning in light of contemporary realities are necessary, along with the transformation of strategic management mechanisms in major cities aimed at eliminating the discrepancies between the competencies, powers, and resources of local self-government and the scale of strategic tasks to be addressed in a major city.","PeriodicalId":505601,"journal":{"name":"Federalism","volume":" 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-Budget Households in the Conditions of Digitalization in US Regions 美国地区数字化条件下的低预算家庭

Federalism Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.21686/2073-1051-2024-2-172-195

V. N. Minat

{"title":"Low-Budget Households in the Conditions of Digitalization in US Regions","authors":"V. N. Minat","doi":"10.21686/2073-1051-2024-2-172-195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2024-2-172-195","url":null,"abstract":"The digitalization of the economy and society of the highly developed countries, along with technological improvements in production and social relations, introduces a number of significant problems associated with the widening income gap and the flow of the economically active population from the knowledge economy to the “traditional activity” sectors. The subjective expression of this process in the 21st century Low Budget Families, an increase in the share of which has been observed in the United States during the period of increased digitalization and reindustrialization, starting in 2010. The growth trend of Low Budget Families in the United States has an intra-country spatial nature, quantitatively and qualitatively different both at the level of subregions and individual states of the country. The regional aspects of the relationship between the growth of the share of Low Budget Families, depending on the level of digitalization of the economy and society, reflected through the corresponding “complex index”, considered in the article, find empirical confirmation, generally characterized by a direct dependence and causality associated with the release of an increasingly significant number of labor potential from the advanced sectors of the economy. The problem of the flow of economically active citizens, who represent the basis of Low Budget Families in which the level of official income, taxes, consumption and savings is declining, is being solved differently in different US states. Based on a comparison of the criteria for identifying Low Budget Families, a priority for the authorities of various regions of the country, a general “spatial picture” of polarization of subregions and states is formed based on the share of Low Budget Families, depending on the level of digitalization and the choice of directions of state regional policy to smooth out the negative problems of inequality and hidden employment, caused by the digital transformation of social relations.","PeriodicalId":505601,"journal":{"name":"Federalism","volume":" 60","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Biotechnologies in Russian Regions Growth Poles Development 生物技术在俄罗斯地区增长极发展中的作用

Federalism Pub Date : 2024-03-31 DOI: 10.21686/2073-1051-2024-1-146-170

E. S. Titova

引用次数: 0

Results of 2023 for Regional Budgets. Is the Restructuring of the Economy Visible? 2023 年地区预算结果。经济结构调整看得见吗？

Federalism Pub Date : 2024-03-31 DOI: 10.21686/2073-1051-2024-1-111-127

L. Lykova

{"title":"Results of 2023 for Regional Budgets. Is the Restructuring of the Economy Visible?","authors":"L. Lykova","doi":"10.21686/2073-1051-2024-1-111-127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2024-1-111-127","url":null,"abstract":"The generally favorable situation with the implementation of the consolidated budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation in 2023 is a result of the positive dynamics of key macroeconomic indicators, expressed in an increase in tax revenues of budgets. In the context of generally high growth rates of tax revenues, the federal transfers showed a slight nominal increase. In most regions, there has been a reduction in federal transfer recеipts, which may indirectly indicate an emerging revision of the existing model of inter-budgetary relations. There is a certain dependence of the dynamics of transfers on the dynamics of tax revenues and the availability of funds (last year’s surpluses) in the budget accounts of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The structure of tax revenues by type of economic activity has not yet shown significant changes. There is a pronounced decrease in the share of wholesale and retail trade, against the background of an increase in the share of the financial sector and extractive activities. Expenditures of regional budgets in 2 023 grew more actively than revenues, which led to the formation of a deficit in the consolidated budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The differing growth rates of budget expenditures have the consequence of the continued concentration of regional-level expenditures in a relatively narrow group of the most powerful regions in terms of economic potential. The increase in the volume of accumulated state subfederal debt occurs in conditions of active substitution of market forms of debt obligations with loans from the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":505601,"journal":{"name":"Federalism","volume":"84 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140360412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Innovative Development of Regions in the Context of Structural Transformation of the Economy 经济结构转型背景下的地区创新发展评估

Federalism Pub Date : 2024-03-31 DOI: 10.21686/2073-1051-2024-1-96-110

E. A. Lyashenko, A. D. Zhukovskii

{"title":"Assessment of Innovative Development of Regions in the Context of Structural Transformation of the Economy","authors":"E. A. Lyashenko, A. D. Zhukovskii","doi":"10.21686/2073-1051-2024-1-96-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2024-1-96-110","url":null,"abstract":"Today, the development of economic systems is taking place in an era of transformations that lead to the formation of new economic models. Russia is no exception here. The main impetus for the transformation processes in our country’s economy was the anti-Russian sanctions directly related to political events from the United States, Canada, European and other countries. All this poses threats to Russia’s political, economic and social security. Therefore, in modern realities caused by sanctions pressure, the key strategic task of overcoming crisis phenomena and shocks is the formation of a new industrialization based on domestic innovations. It is important to assess the innovative potential of the regions in order to further develop management decisions. The authors proposed and tested a methodological approach to assessing the level of innovative development of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The algorithm of this approach includes sampling official statistical data, determining localization coefficients, averaging and evaluating their dynamics. It was determined that in the period 2011-2022, less than a third of Russian regions improved their economic efficiency and innovation localization indicators. The leading regions of innovative development have a high level of localization of the studied characteristics. Regions characterized by low localization coefficients are traditionally lagging behind and have low indicators of economic, including innovative development. The problems of innovative development of regions under the influence of transformational processes are very multidimensional, therefore, in the limited space of this article, only an assessment of innovative development based on the author’s methodological approach is given.","PeriodicalId":505601,"journal":{"name":"Federalism","volume":"16 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140358585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Results of Budget and Tax Policy in the New Conditions 新形势下预算和税收政策的结果

Federalism Pub Date : 2024-03-31 DOI: 10.21686/2073-1051-2024-1-128-145

I. S. Bukina

引用次数: 0

Bankruptcy of Companies in the Russian Federation in the Covid and Post-Covid Periods 科维德时期和后科维德时期俄罗斯联邦公司的破产情况

Federalism Pub Date : 2024-03-31 DOI: 10.21686/2073-1051-2024-1-171-183

P. A. Lopatina

引用次数: 0

Political and Economic Discourses of Centralization and Decentralization: Education and Science in Russia 中央集权与地方分权的政治和经济论述：俄罗斯的教育与科学

Federalism Pub Date : 2024-03-30 DOI: 10.21686/2073-1051-2024-1-21-54

P. А. Orekhovsky, E. A. Kapoguzov

{"title":"Political and Economic Discourses of Centralization and Decentralization: Education and Science in Russia","authors":"P. А. Orekhovsky, E. A. Kapoguzov","doi":"10.21686/2073-1051-2024-1-21-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2024-1-21-54","url":null,"abstract":"Incidents are increasingly occurring in schools, for which municipalities are being held responsible in Russia. Business makes complaints about the level of training of university graduates, which is a problem of coordinating the activities of the leadership of the constituent entities of the Federation with classical and technical universities. According to the authors, this is a consequence of the functioning of informal institutions that have developed in post-Soviet Russia in the field of education and science. Differences are determined by the different informal institutions that develop in these organizations. Such institutions are identified by insiders – employees and consumers of services (parents of pupils and students, students themselves), distinguishing between types of schools and universities. But their knowledge remains tacit and is not included in public discussion. From the point of view of officials responsible for the functioning of secondary and higher schools, some types of organizations highlighted in the work do not exist. Scientific activity began to be assessed on the basis of bibliometric indicators. But there is an international legal cartel operating in this area, which allows large publishing houses to maximize their income. Russian scientists spent about $ 10 million in 2020 to pay for the services of the publishing houses. The current system meets the needs of representatives of elite universities and schools, which is common for peripheral capitalism. At the same time, municipalities and Subjects of the Federation are very interested in changing the situation – minimizing the scope of “negative” informal institutions in schools, developing advanced scientific and educational centers in the regions.","PeriodicalId":505601,"journal":{"name":"Federalism","volume":"45 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140363139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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