Francesco Moscone, Elisa Tosetti, Veronica Vinciotti
{"title":"Sparse estimation of huge networks with a block-wise structure","authors":"Francesco Moscone, Elisa Tosetti, Veronica Vinciotti","doi":"10.1111/ectj.12078","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ectj.12078","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Networks with a very large number of nodes appear in many application areas and pose challenges for traditional Gaussian graphical modelling approaches. In this paper, we focus on the estimation of a Gaussian graphical model when the dependence between variables has a block-wise structure. We propose a penalized likelihood estimation of the inverse covariance matrix, also called Graphical LASSO, applied to block averages of observations, and we derive its asymptotic properties. Monte Carlo experiments, comparing the properties of our estimator with those of the conventional Graphical LASSO, show that the proposed approach works well in the presence of block-wise dependence structure and that it is also robust to possible model misspecification. We conclude the paper with an empirical study on economic growth and convergence of 1,088 European small regions in the years 1980 to 2012. While requiring <i>a priori</i> information on the block structure – e.g. given by the hierarchical structure of data – our approach can be adopted for estimation and prediction using very large panel data sets. Also, it is particularly useful when there is a problem of missing values and outliers or when the focus of the analysis is on out-of-sample prediction.</p>","PeriodicalId":50555,"journal":{"name":"Econometrics Journal","volume":"20 3","pages":"S61-S85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2016-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ectj.12078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129917493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Second-order refinement of empirical likelihood ratio tests of nonlinear restrictions","authors":"Jun Ma","doi":"10.1111/ectj.12079","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ectj.12079","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this paper, we investigate the second-order properties of empirical likelihood ratio (ELR) tests of general nonlinear parametric restrictions for over-identified moment restriction models. We derive the stochastic expansion of the ELR statistic for this very large class of testing problems and its formal distributional expansion. We show that we can improve the size properties of the ELR tests via either Bartlett correction or pseudo observation adjustment. Monte Carlo experiments show that tests based on these modified ELR statistics exhibit good finite-sample properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50555,"journal":{"name":"Econometrics Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"139-148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2016-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ectj.12079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122496102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Index to The Econometrics Journal Volume 19","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ectj.12076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ectj.12076","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50555,"journal":{"name":"Econometrics Journal","volume":"19 3","pages":"291-292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2016-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ectj.12076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137503908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Royal Economic Society Annual Conference 2013Special Issue on Econometrics of Heterogeneity","authors":"Richard J. Smith","doi":"10.1111/ectj.12074","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ectj.12074","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50555,"journal":{"name":"Econometrics Journal","volume":"19 3","pages":"Ciii-Civ"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2016-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ectj.12074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62958678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Consistent tests for conditional treatment effects","authors":"Yu-Chin Hsu","doi":"10.1111/ectj.12077","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ectj.12077","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We construct tests for the null hypothesis that the conditional average treatment effect is non-negative, conditional on every possible value of a subset of covariates. Testing such a null hypothesis can provide more information than the sign of the average treatment effects parameter. The null hypothesis can be characterized as infinitely many of unconditional moment inequalities. A Kolmogorov–Smirnov test is constructed based on these unconditional moment inequalities, and a simulated critical value is proposed. It is shown that our test can control the size uniformly over a broad set of data-generating processes asymptotically, that it is consistent against fixed alternatives and that it is unbiased against some local alternatives. Several extensions of our test are also considered and we apply our tests to examine the effect of a job-training programme on real earnings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50555,"journal":{"name":"Econometrics Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ectj.12077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129807454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrick Bardsley, Lajos Horváth, Piotr Kokoszka, Gabriel Young
{"title":"Change point tests in functional factor models with application to yield curves","authors":"Patrick Bardsley, Lajos Horváth, Piotr Kokoszka, Gabriel Young","doi":"10.1111/ectj.12075","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ectj.12075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Motivated by the problem of the detection of a change point in the mean structure of yield curves, we introduce several methods to test the null hypothesis that the mean structure of a time series of curves does not change. The mean structure does not refer merely to the level of the curves, but also to their range and other aspects of their shape, most prominently concavity. The performance of the tests depends on whether possible break points in the error structure, which refers to the random variability in the aspects of the curves listed above, are taken into account or not. If they are not taken into account, then an existing change point in the mean structure may fail to be detected with a large probability. The paper contains a complete asymptotic theory, a simulation study and illustrative data examples, as well as details of the numerical implementation of the testing procedures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50555,"journal":{"name":"Econometrics Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"86-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2016-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ectj.12075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122481930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Peer effects in bedtime decisions among adolescents: a social network model with sampled data","authors":"Xiaodong Liu, Eleonora Patacchini, Edoardo Rainone","doi":"10.1111/ectj.12072","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ectj.12072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using unique information on a representative sample of US teenagers, we investigate peer effects in adolescent bedtime decisions. We extend the nonlinear least-squares estimator for spatial autoregressive models to estimate network models with network fixed effects and sampled observations on the dependent variable. We show the extent to which neglecting the sampling issue yields misleading inferential results. When accounting for sampling, we find that, besides the individual, family and peer characteristics, the bedtime decisions of peers help to shape one's own bedtime decision.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50555,"journal":{"name":"Econometrics Journal","volume":"20 3","pages":"S103-S125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2016-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ectj.12072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37171780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On ill-posedness of nonparametric instrumental variable regression with convexity constraints","authors":"Olivier Scaillet","doi":"10.1111/ectj.12071","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ectj.12071","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This note shows that adding monotonicity or convexity constraints on the regression function does not restore well-posedness in nonparametric instrumental variable regression. The minimum distance problem without regularization is still locally ill-posed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50555,"journal":{"name":"Econometrics Journal","volume":"19 2","pages":"232-236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2016-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ectj.12071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84537814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lagrange multiplier type tests for slope homogeneity in panel data models","authors":"Jörg Breitung, Christoph Roling, Nazarii Salish","doi":"10.1111/ectj.12070","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ectj.12070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this paper, we employ the Lagrange multiplier (LM) principle to test parameter homogeneity across cross-section units in panel data models. The test can be seen as a generalization of the Breusch–Pagan test against random individual effects to all regression coefficients. While the original test procedure assumes a likelihood framework under normality, several useful variants of the LM test are presented to allow for non-normality, heteroscedasticity and serially correlated errors. Moreover, the tests can be conveniently computed via simple artificial regressions. We derive the limiting distribution of the LM test and show that if the errors are not normally distributed, the original LM test is asymptotically valid if the number of time periods tends to infinity. A simple modification of the score statistic yields an LM test that is robust to non-normality if the number of time periods is fixed. Further adjustments provide versions of the LM test that are robust to heteroscedasticity and serial correlation. We compare the local power of our tests and the statistic proposed by Pesaran and Yamagata. The results of the Monte Carlo experiments suggest that the LM-type test can be substantially more powerful, in particular, when the number of time periods is small.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50555,"journal":{"name":"Econometrics Journal","volume":"19 2","pages":"166-202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2016-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ectj.12070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130828435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}