BMJ Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Development and validation of the Chinese Rural Middle-aged and Elderly Health Literacy Scale","authors":"Zhengyu Wu, Wenjuan Gong, Yoshida Koki, Fei Wang, Yi-Chen Chiang, Maoming Jiang, Jiannan Ma, Jie Huang, Rui Li, Zhengkui Liu, Dewen Wang","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2023-000797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2023-000797","url":null,"abstract":"A notable deficiency lies in the absence of tailored instruments for comprehensively evaluating the health literacy of middle-aged and elderly residents in rural areas of China. Given the context of China’s ageing demographic and the increasing urban–rural disparities, it becomes imperative to formulate a dedicated assessment tool for appraising the health literacy of rural middle-aged and elderly populations.A systematic and rigorously structured development approach was used. First, the concept of health literacy was used to create a pool of items. Second, the Delphi method was used to revise and finalise the initial version of the Chinese Rural Middle-aged and Elderly Health Literacy Scale (CREHLS). Third, pretesting was used to assess the rationality of the item settings within the CREHLS. Finally, a large-sample survey was used to assess the reliability and validity of the finalisation CREHLS.The CREHLS, which comprises 26 items distributed across four dimensions, is designed to evaluate the capacity to access, comprehend, assess and apply pertinent health information related to disease treatment, disease prevention, health promotion and environmental health. Multiple test results affirm the robust reliability and validity of the CREHLS, adhering to the established development standards.This study expects that the CREHLS will be validated in different rural regions of China and will be a reference for assessing the health literacy of rural middle-aged and elderly people in other countries, thereby increasing our attention to the health literacy of rural people.","PeriodicalId":505519,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Public Health","volume":"82 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141389415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of multimethod, community-based educational interventions on the knowledge and attitude to birth preparedness and complications readiness among women in southwest Nigeria","authors":"I. Okafor, M. R. Balogun, Adekemi O Sekoni, D. Dolapo, Claudia A Hawkins, Bosede B Afolabi","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2023-000203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2023-000203","url":null,"abstract":"Birth preparedness and complications readiness (BP/CR) is an effective strategy to reduce maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality.To assess the effect of educational interventions on women’s knowledge and attitude regarding BP/CR in southwest Nigeria.A quasi-experimental study was carried out over 1 year (May 2019–April 2020) in Lagos, southwest Nigeria. Intervention was delivered using multiple educational methods: health education sessions, information, education, and communication materials, and mHealth. A total of 2600 women were recruited by multistage sampling. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires and analysed with Epi Info and SPSS V.25 software. Summary and inferential statistics were done involving four-way analysis. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Regression analysis applied to intervention group (IG). A 50% cut-off was used to categorise respondents into adequate and inadequate knowledge of BP/CR.Mean age of the respondents: 31.2±5.4 years for the IG, 30.4±6.0 years for the control group (CG); p=0.007. Most women in both groups had formal education, were employed and had their last antenatal care in health facilities. At baseline, both groups had overall inadequate knowledge of BP/CR which improved significantly post intervention only in the IG. For the IG: 9.4% (pre), 52% (post), (p<0.001); CG: 0.2% (pre), 0.5% (post), (Fisher’s exact p=0.624). Most respondents in both groups had a positive attitude to BP/CR, the intervention had no significant influence on this in the IG (p=0.504).Predictors of adequate knowledge of BP/CR included being of Yoruba tribe, (adjusted OR (AOR) 2.83, 95% CI 1.06 to 7.54), being employed, (AOR 1.31; 95% CI 1.04 to 5.87) and having a baby 6 months prior to the study (AOR 2.62; 95% CI 1.31 to 5.24).Findings have implications for the design and implementation of relevant policy and community interventions to reduce maternal mortality. Further research can examine the role of financial exclusion in inadequate knowledge.","PeriodicalId":505519,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Public Health","volume":"17 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141397630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herpes zoster vaccine and the risk of stroke: a population-based cohort study using linked data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink","authors":"Kathryn Richardson, Y. Loke, Helen I McDonald, H. Parretti, Fawziah Marra","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2023-000671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2023-000671","url":null,"abstract":"Studies report herpes zoster associated with short-term stroke risk, but it is unclear whether herpes zoster vaccine reduces stroke risk.We performed cohort studies using Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum linked to hospital admission, mortality and deprivation data. We included 678 110 adults aged 70–80 years receiving a live attenuated herpes zoster vaccination between 1 September 2013 and 31 December 2019. We conducted three comparisons to a historical unvaccinated cohort, an active comparator and a self-controlled case series (SCCS). The historical cohort comprised 678 110 matched unvaccinated adults between 2007 and 2012. The active comparator comprised 653 373 adults receiving an influenza vaccination between 2013 and 2019 meeting herpes zoster vaccine eligibility. Cox regression was used to estimate HRs for stroke in the subsequent 5 years adjusted for measured confounders, in the vaccinated compared with comparator cohorts. Secondary outcomes included stroke/transient ischaemic attack and myocardial infarction. The SCCS included incident strokes 12 months before or after herpes zoster vaccination to address healthy vaccinee bias.We recorded 16 281 and 30 430 incident strokes among vaccinated and unvaccinated historical patients, over a median of 2.7 and 5.0 years follow-up, respectively. The adjusted HR for stroke for herpes zoster vaccination compared with unvaccinated historical patients was 0.84 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.86) and to influenza-vaccinated patients was 0.88 (0.85 to 0.89). However, stroke incidence rates were lower in the herpes zoster-vaccinated group prevaccination compared with both comparator cohorts. The SCCS found no association between herpes zoster vaccination and stroke 30–119 days later.Despite our cohort study, with extensive confounder adjustment and an influenza vaccination active comparator, finding herpes zoster vaccination associated with 12%–16% reduced stroke rates, additional analyses suggested this was largely explained by healthy vaccinee bias. Our study illustrates the importance of robust sensitivity analyses and testing the suitability of causal inference tools for observational vaccine studies.","PeriodicalId":505519,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Public Health","volume":"16 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141393664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Purpose-oriented review of public health surveillance systems: use of surveillance systems and recent advances","authors":"H. Shah, Mowafa J Househ","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2023-000374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2023-000374","url":null,"abstract":"Public health surveillance systems are an important tool for disease distribution and burden of disease as well as enable efficient distribution of resources to fight a disease. The surveillance systems are used to detect, report, track a disease as well as assess the response to the disease and people’s attitudes. This paper provides a framework of review for purpose-oriented categorisation of public health surveillance systems. The framework for review of surveillance systems divides the systems into distribution or monitoring or prediction oriented. While there can be other categorisation based on data sources and data types used, the framework for review in this paper provides a cohesive system which can engulf such categories. The framework of review in this paper is purpose oriented, which categorises the surveillance system according to their stated objectives, which are the most important aspect of any public health surveillance system. This review and the framework of categorisation provide comprehensive details of the surveillance systems in terms of data types used, source of data and purpose of the surveillance system.","PeriodicalId":505519,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Public Health","volume":"295 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141401866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using systems mapping within the process evaluation of a randomised controlled trial of the ACE active ageing programme in England and Wales","authors":"Nick Cavill, Colin Greaves, Katie E Chatwin, Zsófia Szekeres, Amy Davies, Helen Hawley-Hague, Diane Crone, J. Withall, Janice Thompson, A. Stathi","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2023-000229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2023-000229","url":null,"abstract":"System mapping has mainly been used to develop theories and understanding of complex systems; to hypothesise how an intervention might work in a complex system or to inform intervention development. There are a few examples of the use of system mapping as part of process evaluation. In this paper, we describe an innovative approach to using system mapping as part of the process evaluation of a randomised controlled trial of the Active, Connected, Engaged (ACE) community-based active ageing programme.Ten participatory workshops were held across three of the ACE sites (Cardiff, Stoke-on-Trent and Manchester, UK). These involved over 100 participants, volunteers and stakeholders (from National Health Service, statutory and voluntary sectors). Their aim was to gather area-specific information on participants’ barriers and facilitators to physical activity and the needs of peer volunteers and service providers; and create ‘baseline’ system maps before the launch of the programme in the three areas of ACE delivery.System maps were produced showing the main outcome (physical activity) and the interactions between the key motivators and barriers described by older people, as well as ideas from stakeholders and volunteers about how these barriers can be addressed. Findings led to refinements to ACE intervention processes and the study’s logic model.System mapping helped to refine the ACE processes and fine-tune the logic model. The value of this approach will increase in the next phase when it will be used to explore any changes to the physical activity system including changes to stakeholders’ ways of working and collaborating to tackle barriers to activity following the completion of the ACE trial.ISRCTN17660493.","PeriodicalId":505519,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Public Health","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141397657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of pre-exposure vaccine effectiveness against mpox during the 2022–2023 mpox outbreak in the Madrid region (Spain): a test-negative design","authors":"J. F. Barbas del Buey, J. Íñigo Martínez, Marcos Alonso García, A. Aragón Peña, Laura Montero Morales, Araceli Arce Arnáez","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2023-000620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2023-000620","url":null,"abstract":"An appropriate vaccination approach is critical to control the current outbreak of mpox but there is little research providing information on its effectiveness, particularly under circumstances of limited vaccine availability.Pre-exposure vaccination campaign in the Madrid region, with the modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic was indicated in the risk groups from 18 July 2022.To evaluate the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of a dose of third-generation smallpox vaccine against mpox in the context of pre-exposure prophylaxis, a population-based indirect cohort study (Broome method) also known as test-negative design (TND) was conducted in the Madrid region (6 751 251 inhabitants). Logistic regression was used to obtain the adjusted VE in the TND with its time–response relationship and for the sensitivity analysis the conditional logistic regression for matched case–control groups.By epidemiological surveillance, 1690 suspected episodes of mpox were detected of which 799 were cases and 891 controls.The overall adjusted effectiveness of the pre-exposure vaccination against mpox considering an induction period of 14 days, was 86.4% (95% CI 62.2% to 95.1%). VE increases, with a statistically significant time–response effect, being greater than 77.4% with a 95% confidence level from week 7. The VE at eighth week of vaccination was 99% (95% CI 81.7% to 99.9%).The effectiveness of single-dose pre-exposure vaccination against mpox seems very high. Therefore, it appears as a reliable measure to minimise the spread of mpox.The progressive increase in the effectiveness could justify the delay in the administration of the second dose in situations of shortage of vaccines or prioritisation in the vaccination of the maximum number of subjects at risk.Further studies evaluating the long-term effectiveness of the full vaccination would be appropriate.","PeriodicalId":505519,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Public Health","volume":"598 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141401510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responsiveness of services rendered at primary healthcare facilities of Bharatpur, Nepal: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Anup Adhikari, D. Paneru, A. Pokhrel","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2023-000546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2023-000546","url":null,"abstract":"Responsiveness of services refers to the way healthcare systems and providers interact with patients and how well they meet patients’ non-clinical expectations and needs. The responsiveness is a crucial aspect of a well-functioning health system while primary healthcare is considered as its foundational cornerstone. However, in low and middle-income countries, there are numerous obstacles to its efficient operation and a very limited understanding of the concept of service responsiveness. This study aimed to assess the responsiveness of services and identify associated factors at primary healthcare facilities of Bharatpur, Nepal.A facility-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 358 patients visiting outpatient department (OPD) of primary healthcare facilities of Bharatpur. A pretested structured interview schedule was used to conduct a face-to-face interview to obtain the information per the study’s objective. Univariate as well as bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were carried out to obtain the result per our objectives.The overall performance of the responsiveness of services was 74.6% (95% CI 70.1 to 78.8), dignity being the highest performing domain (97.2%) and choice being the lowest (22.6%). Respondents aged more than or equal to 50 (adjusted OR (AOR)=4.107, 95% CI 1.28 to 13.14), those who are satisfied with the service (AOR=7.02, 95% CI 3.21 to 15.36), those who perceive high quality of care (AOR=5.69, 95% CI 2.54 to 12.73) and those who did not have to pay for transportation (AOR=4.63, 95% CI 2.20 to 9.72) showed higher responsiveness.The primary healthcare facilities of Bharatpur, Nepal demonstrated nearly three-quarters of the respondents reporting good responsiveness of services at OPD. To further enhance the level of responsiveness, strengthening the referral networks, empowering patients in decision-making and prioritising patient satisfaction and quality of services can help.","PeriodicalId":505519,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Public Health","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139878860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating rare disease prevalence and costs in the USA: a cohort study approach using the Healthcare Cost Institute claims data","authors":"Christine M. Cutillo, A. Tisdale, Mahdi Baghbanzadeh, Keith A. Crandall, Reva L Stidd, Manpreet S Khural, Laurie J Hartman, Jeff Greenberg, Kevin B Zhang, Ali Rahnavard","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2023-000346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2023-000346","url":null,"abstract":"The study capitalised on national insurance claims data to gather information on patient characteristics and associated costs to better understand the diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases (RDs).Data from the Healthcare Cost Institute (HCCI) data enclave were analysed using R statistical software and filtered by the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition (ICD-10), current procedural terminology codes and the National Drug Code associated with 14 RDs and disease-modifying therapy options. Data were aggregated by prevalence, costs, patient characteristics and effects of treatment modification.The prevalence and costs of RDs in the HCCI commercial claims database varied significantly across the USA and between urban and rural areas. Pharmacy costs increased when a new treatment was initiated, while non-pharmacy costs decreased.Prevalence and cost estimations are highly variable due to the small number of patients with RDs, and the lack of a national healthcare database limits inferences for such patient populations. Accurate assessments require a diverse population, which can likely be achieved by analysing multiple databases. RDs face challenges in prevalence estimation due to a lack of specific disease coding and a small patient population, compounded by issues like data standardisation and privacy concerns. Addressing these through improved data management in healthcare systems, increased research and education will lead to better diagnosis, care management and quality of life for patients with RD.Data on patients with RD in the HCCI database were analysed for prevalence, costs, patient characteristics and treatment modification effects. Significant heterogeneity in each of these factors was found across RDs, geography and locality (eg, urban and rural). Building capabilities to use machine learning to accelerate the diagnosis of RDs would vastly improve with changes to healthcare data, such as standardising data input, linking databases, addressing privacy issues and assigning ICD-10 codes for all RDs, resulting in more robust data for RD analytics.","PeriodicalId":505519,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Public Health","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139815889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health effects of working as a legal professional in the field of asylum law: a systematic review","authors":"Leah Holt, Jessie Mulcaire, C. O'Driscoll, Sana Zard, Francesca Brady","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2023-000729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2023-000729","url":null,"abstract":"Legal professionals work closely with asylum seekers at many points during an asylum claim. While there is an increasing literature examining the mental health effects of working with traumatised populations, there has been limited evidence focusing on the field of asylum law. This review aims to synthesise the current qualitative and quantitative literature on the mental health effects of working in asylum law.A systematic search from inception to 24 August 2023 was completed on the following databases: Web of Science, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, PubMed, SCOPUS, Westlaw UK, Index to Foreign Legal Periodicals and Index to Legal Periodicals and Books. The search retrieved 11 studies (6 qualitative, 3 quantitative and 2 mixed methods). A thematic synthesis was completed for the qualitative research and a narrative synthesis was completed for the quantitative research, before the findings were integrated into a combined synthesis.Four main themes and 13 subthemes were generated by the qualitative research. The main themes were as follows: emotional labour, working in a broken system, emotions do not mix with law and detachment. The quantitative synthesis found a variety of measures used in the literature, indicating that common mental health concerns, such as burn-out, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder and secondary trauma symptoms, are present across this professional group. The synthesis also provides preliminary findings relating to possible predictors of poor mental health.Despite limited evidence and methodological flaws in the literature, this review indicates that legal professionals are exposed to traumatised clients and difficult working conditions, both of which can negatively impact mental health. It also highlights a number of factors which may predict or perpetuate difficulties. Clinical implications, limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":505519,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Public Health","volume":"134 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139822960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How much does government’s short-term response matter for explaining cross-country variation in COVID-19 infection outcomes? A regression-based relative importance analysis of 84 countries","authors":"Gordon G Liu, Xiaoyun Peng, Hanmo Yang, Junjian Yi","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2023-000032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2023-000032","url":null,"abstract":"We study the predetermined characteristics of countries in addition to their government non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to shed light on the correlates of the variation in COVID-19 infection outcomes across countries.We conduct a systematic investigation of the validity of government responses in 84 countries by gradually adding the predetermined cultural, natural and socioeconomic factors of each country using a fixed-effect model and daily panel data. A relative importance analysis is conducted to isolate the contribution of each variable to the R2of the model.Government NPIs are effective in containing the virus spread and explain approximately 9% of the variations in the pandemic outcomes. COVID-19 is more prevalent in countries that are more individual-oriented or with a higher gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, while a country’s government expenditure on health as a proportion of GDP and median age are negatively associated with the infection outcome. The SARS-CoV-2 lifecycle and the impacts of other unobserved factors together explain more than half of the variation in the prevalence of COVID-19 across countries. The degree of individualism explains 9.30% of the variation, and the explanatory power of the other socioeconomic factors is less than 4% each.The COVID-19 infection outcomes are correlated with multivariate factors, ranging from state NPIs, culture-influenced human behaviours, geographical conditions and socioeconomic conditions. As expected, the stronger or faster are the government responses, the lower is the level of infections. In the meantime, many other factors underpin a major part of the variation in the control of COVID-19. As such, from a scientific perspective, it is important that country-specific conditions are taken into account when evaluating the impact of NPIs in order to conduct more cost-effective policy interventions.","PeriodicalId":505519,"journal":{"name":"BMJ Public Health","volume":"60 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139966060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}