Advances in Structural Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Rock anchor hanger effect on single-tower earth-anchored suspension bridge mechanical performance: An analytical model and multi-objective golden eagle optimization","authors":"Yu-peng Chen, Wenmin Zhang","doi":"10.1177/13694332241232052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241232052","url":null,"abstract":"The application of a composite saddle in single-tower earth-anchored suspension bridges (STEASBs) replaces the tower on the steep slope side, which is a cost-effective solution that improves bridge safety and provides environmental protection for the steep bank slope of the valley. However, this novel bridge design needs an appropriate model to evaluate the effect of rock anchor hangers on the structure in the non-girder area and adjust their parameters to optimize the mechanical response of the whole bridge structure. This study proposes an approach to quickly evaluate the most unfavorable load cases of the STEASB and further optimizes the structural parameters of rock anchor hangers to enhance structural safety. An analytical model for the STEASBs under the live load is proposed and verified by the finite element model (FEM), with the maximum relative error not exceeding 7.37%. Combined with the golden eagle optimizer (GEO), the most unfavorable load cases of the corresponding design indices are yielded. The Pareto optimal solutions for the spacing, cross-sectional area, and initial tension of the vertical rock anchor hangers are obtained through multi-objective optimization to improve the mechanical behavior of STEASBs. In addition, it is clarified that the main function of rock anchor hangers is to reduce the peak value of the stress amplitude of the hangers and girder-end rotation, providing a theoretical basis for the STEASB design.","PeriodicalId":505409,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"55 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139865787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to Design of precast UHPFRC retaining walls – Experimental and numerical validations","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/13694332241229504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241229504","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505409,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"50 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140487447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Static performance of precast concrete arches with carbon fiber reinforced polymer reinforcement","authors":"Xing Zhao, Jiannan Zhou, Xinli Kong, Yishun Chen, Peng Wang, Jin Wu","doi":"10.1177/13694332241229021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241229021","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, static performances of a new precast concrete arch system with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) reinforcement were investigated. Varied concrete strengths and segment types of precast concrete arches were tested. The results show that the increase of concrete strength can improve the bearing capacity of the precast arches with CFRP reinforcement. The ultimate bearing capacity of the precast arches segmented at the arch vault with CFRP reinforcement can reach or even exceed that of complete arches, while the precast arch segmented at the shoulder had lower ultimate load. A theoretical analysis method was proposed to predict the failure and bearing capacity of the precast concrete arches with CFRP reinforcement, which were found to be in close agreement with the experimental result.","PeriodicalId":505409,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"89 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139593456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two Young Researchers Honoured with the 2023 Inaugural J.M. Ko Award","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/13694332241229862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241229862","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505409,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"65 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139601998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate rotation identification of flexural structures using long-gauge fiber optical sensors","authors":"Huang Huang, Zhishen Wu, Xin Wang","doi":"10.1177/13694332241229017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241229017","url":null,"abstract":"The rotation of beam and column components is a key parameter in structural health monitoring (SHM), which providing analysis of bending deformation, evaluation of structural stability, and overall structural performance. Conventional sensors directly measuring rotation are typically designed assuming linear behavior. It becomes challenging to achieve precise and rapid measurements of small deformations while accurately measuring significant large deformations. This study obtained experimental and analytical studies to identify the rotation response of flexural structures using long-gauge fiber optical sensor array. Rotation is determined through two mechanisms: the plane section assumption, utilizing strain distributions on the compression and tension sides, and the sectional fiber model (SFM)-based neutral axis identification. In order to discuss the applicability of these two mechanisms from elastic to plastic state, four identification methods are proposed: Method 1 uses strain distribution on the concrete surface to identify rotation, Method 2 uses strain on steel bars, and Methods 3 and 4 use SFM-based neutral axis identification with strain measured on the compression side concrete surface and tension side steel reinforcements, respectively. Laboratory tests of beams and columns as well as field tests were shown. First, a comparison of the rotation identification accuracy among the four methods was conducted using a reinforced concrete (RC) beam test in the elastic state. Results showed good agreement between the rotations identified by all four methods and those directly measured by the tilt meter. And then, the accuracy of rotation identification in crack state and inelastic state was discussed by using a RC column test. The results indicate that, following the occurrence of cracks in concrete surface, neither Method 1 nor Method 2 can accurately identify the rotation. This is attributed to the fact that cracks disrupt the correspondence between the strain on the tension side and the compression side. Meanwhile, Methods 3 and 4 maintain a good rotational identification accuracy even after cracks happened. Moreover, when the steel reinforcement undergoes yielding and the concrete column enters the inelastic state, the rotation results identified by Methods 3 and 4 still match with the directly measured rotations. This underscores the effectiveness of the SFM-based rotational identification under large deformation conditions. Furthermore, experimental results indicate that with the increase in deformations, slip occurred in the sensing units near the column base in the sensor array on the tension side. This shows that the sensing units installed on the steel reinforcement (Method 4) are more suitable for calculating rotations during the large deformation state compared to the sensing units positioned on the concrete surface (Method 3). At last, two case studies involving the monitoring of an actual bridge grid and a bridge column were inve","PeriodicalId":505409,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"49 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139602127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ measurements of temperature and strain fields of large-diameter concrete-filled steel tube columns and the refined finite element modeling","authors":"Xiaofan Liu, Zhangxuan Wang, Bin Bai, Tao Wang, Teng Tong, Xiaobo Li","doi":"10.1177/13694332231223012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332231223012","url":null,"abstract":"Concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns are prevalent in transmission towers and arch bridges due to their cost-effectiveness and superior mechanical performance. The growing megastructures lead to large-diameter CFST components, which are exposed to the risk of early-age thermal concrete cracking. In this study, temperature and strain fields of two 2.1 m-dia. CFST columns were monitored in-situ. Within 30 h, the peak temperature and tensile strain at the centroid reached 97.0°C and 400 με, respectively. Meanwhile, temperature fields of eight scaled CFST columns were also monitored and compared. In addition, ultrasonic pulse velocity test was performed to detect the early-age thermal cracking. To predict the temperature and strain evolutions accurately, a refined numerical model is proposed, considering coupled mechanical, hydration and thermal processes. It is revealed that the model could accurately predict the temperature and strain evolutions of CFST columns. Furthermore, experiments and numerical simulations illustrate that thermal cracking would likely be triggered in CFST components with diameter greater than 1.2 m.","PeriodicalId":505409,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"119 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139605444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural damage identification under ambient temperature variations based on CNN and normalized modal flexibility-autoregressive coefficients hybrid index","authors":"Jianfeng Gu, Chunyan Xiang, Jin Luo, Minshui Huang, Hexu Liu, Chang Sun, Yuhou Yang","doi":"10.1177/13694332241226463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241226463","url":null,"abstract":"This study proposes a novel method to identify structural damage considering ambient temperature variations. In this method, the normalized modal flexibility based index (nMFBI) and autoregressive (AR) coefficients are combined to form the nMFBI-AR hybrid index, and convolutional neural networks (CNN) are exploited to locate and quantify the damage. Moreover, the effects of ambient temperature variations and measurement noise are not considered in the training dataset, which is preferable in practical engineering. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, firstly, a numerical structure of a simply supported beam is investigated, and the performance of the nMFBI-AR index is evaluated by making a comparison with the nMFBI and AR indexes. Then, the proposed method is further verified by a test model of a three-story frame and a practical engineering example of a continuous rigid frame bridge. The results demonstrate that although the influence of ambient temperature variations and measurement noise are only considered in the test datasets, this approach has the best performance in locating and quantifying structural damage, and the errors are less than 16%, which is promising. In addition, this paper provides a guideline and a new idea for the study of damage index based on time-frequency hybrid information.","PeriodicalId":505409,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"114 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139614099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear bond-slip model for fiber-reinforced polymer laminates externally bonded to thermally damaged concrete","authors":"Heng-Da Lv, Wen-Jian Xie, Wan-Yang Gao","doi":"10.1177/13694332241226779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241226779","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel nonlinear local bond-slip model for fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) laminates externally bonded to thermally damaged concrete substrates. The proposed model is an extension of an existing two-parameter bond-slip model and incorporates two key parameters including interfacial fracture energy ([Formula: see text]) and interfacial brittleness index ([Formula: see text]). To study the variations of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with different thermal damage levels of the concrete substrate, an extensive experimental database of shear tests on FRP-to-thermally damaged concrete bonded joints was collected from the existing literature. The [Formula: see text] values were calculated from the peak pull loads with proper consideration of the bond length and width effects, while the [Formula: see text] values were obtained by least-squares regression analysis using experimental load-displacement curves or measured strain distributions in the FRP laminates. The results have indicated that the [Formula: see text] values initially exhibit a slight increase accompanied by mild thermal damage of the concrete substrate after exposure to moderately high temperatures; however, these values significantly decrease when the exposure temperature exceeds 300°C. The [Formula: see text] values initially decrease with high-temperature exposure and stabilize at around 50% of the initial values when the temperatures reach around 400°C. Despite the inherent variability in the test database, the proposed temperature-dependent bond-slip model has demonstrated its accuracy, as demonstrated by the comparisons between the theoretical predictions generated by the model and the corresponding shear test results. This interfacial bond-slip model is expected to serve as a constitutive law to characterize the bond behavior between externally bonded FRP laminates and thermally damaged concrete substrate, thus facilitating the practical application of high-performance FRP composites in the repair and strengthening of thermally or fire-damaged RC members.","PeriodicalId":505409,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":" 62","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139619665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertical stiffness limit of 400 km/h high-speed railway simple-supported bridge considering excitation randomness","authors":"Xuli Chen, Huo-yue Xiang, Jin Zhu, Yongle Li","doi":"10.1177/13694332241226783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241226783","url":null,"abstract":"Vertical stiffness of the bridge is of paramount importance in guaranteeing optimal driving performance for high-speed railway (HSR) trains. Initially, the Auto Regression and Moving Average model with eXogenous input (ARMAX) model is employed as the surrogate model for the train-bridge (TB) coupling system. Then, the framework for analyzing vertical bridge stiffness is proposed employing the surrogate model, and the relationship between the train response affected by excitation randomness and the vertical stiffness indicators of the bridge is established. Finally, the influence of various factors such as train speed, train type, car body mass, and bridge span on stiffness limit of 400 km/h HSR simple-supported bridge (SSB) is examined. The results indicate that the surrogate model offers a notable advantage in computational efficiency, while maintaining a satisfactory accuracy in predicting the train response. With higher train speeds, lighter car body masses, and longer spans, the demand for stricter bridge stiffness limits becomes more pronounced. Based on the driving performance of the train types analyzed, the recommended stiffness limit is proposed for the prestressed concrete simply supported beam (SSB) bridges used in HSR, with a span length of less than 40 m and operating at a speed of 400 km/h.","PeriodicalId":505409,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":" 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139620137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}