Canadian Journal of Soil Science最新文献

Assessing the Incorporation of the Soil Health Concept in Postsecondary Education in Canada 评估将土壤健康概念纳入加拿大中学后教育的情况

Canadian Journal of Soil Science Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1139/cjss-2024-0002

Maja Krzic, Thomas Yates, A. Diochon, L. V. Van Eerd, M. D. MacKenzie

{"title":"Assessing the Incorporation of the Soil Health Concept in Postsecondary Education in Canada","authors":"Maja Krzic, Thomas Yates, A. Diochon, L. V. Van Eerd, M. D. MacKenzie","doi":"10.1139/cjss-2024-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2024-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Incorporation of soil health concept into professional practice, supported by integration into postsecondary programs, may lead to the successful maintenance and improvement of Canadian soils. The Canadian Society of Soil Science (CSSS) has identified the need to promote the teaching of the soil health concept to instructors of soil science and related courses across Canada. In summer 2023, a 37-question survey was emailed to CSSS members with the objectives of: (1) gauging the understanding and interest among instructors of soil science (and related) courses across Canada in soil health, (2) describing the current status of the soil health concept in Canadian postsecondary soil science (and related) courses, and (3) assessing the need for an open access repository of educational resources focused on soil health. Survey results of 46 respondents suggest that inclusion of the concept in courses has been increasing steadily for the last twenty years, with estimated 1400 students are exposed to the concept annually in 30 courses in 6 majors, where 60 % had soil in the course title. The main reasons for not including soil health in courses included lack of time and experience. Creation of a Canadian soil health repository of teaching materials would provide resources to 28% respondents (13/46) who do not include the soil health concept into their courses. Respondents indicated that the soil health concept is useful in teaching because it requires integration of a range of basic soil disciplinary concepts; a process that might be best implemented through active learning strategies.","PeriodicalId":505160,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","volume":"45 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140373528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soil Thermal Properties: Influence of No-Till Cover Crops 土壤热特性：免耕覆盖作物的影响

Canadian Journal of Soil Science Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1139/cjss-2023-0095

Md Ariful Haque, Seockmo Ku, Samuel I. Haruna

{"title":"Soil Thermal Properties: Influence of No-Till Cover Crops","authors":"Md Ariful Haque, Seockmo Ku, Samuel I. Haruna","doi":"10.1139/cjss-2023-0095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2023-0095","url":null,"abstract":"Soil thermal properties, which determines heat transport, can influence soil health parameters and crop productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the 2-year effects of no-till cover crops (CCs) and no-till no cover crop (NC) on soil thermal properties (thermal conductivity [λ], volumetric heat capacity [CV], and thermal diffusivity [D]). Two levels of CCs were used for this study: CC vs NC. The CCs included crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum, L.), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.), winter peas (Lathyrus hirsutus L.), oats (Avena sativa), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), triticale (Triticale hexaploide Lart.), flax (Linum usitassimum L.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Soil samples were collected at 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm depths and their λ, CV, and D were measured in the laboratory. Additionally, soil organic carbon (SOC), bulk density (BD), and volumetric water content (ϴ) at saturation, -33kPa, and -100 kPa soil water pressures were measured. Results showed that BD was 18% and 14% higher under CC compared with NC management during 2021 and 2022, respectively. Furthermore, ϴ at all measured soil water pressures was slightly higher under CC compared with NC management during both years. As a result, λ and D were significantly higher under NC compared with CC management, while CV was significantly higher under CC compared with NC management, during both years and at all measured soil water pressures. Generally, soil thermal properties were directly proportional to ϴ, suggesting that ϴ may be the most important factor influencing soil thermal properties.","PeriodicalId":505160,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","volume":"127 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140078649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Silver toxicity to the earthworm Eisenia fetida is inconsistent in natural and artificial soils amended with wastewater biosolids 用废水生物固体改良的天然土壤和人工土壤中银对蚯蚓的毒性不一致

Canadian Journal of Soil Science Pub Date : 2024-02-24 DOI: 10.1139/cjss-2023-0042

Aboulkacem Lemtiri, Yu Jia, Leanne Ejack, Shoieb Akaram Arief Ismail, H. S. Dórea, Gilles Colinet, Frédéric Francis, Subhasis Ghoshal, Geoffrey Sunahara, J. Whalen

引用次数: 0

Effect of basalt fiber and carbon fiber on the evolution of water evaporation and cracking characteristics of silt soil 玄武岩纤维和碳纤维对淤泥土壤水分蒸发和开裂特性演变的影响

Canadian Journal of Soil Science Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.1139/cjss-2023-0107

Min Sun, Xuefeng Li, Dingyang Zhang, Bin Li, Jiafang Hao, Jiawei Liu

{"title":"Effect of basalt fiber and carbon fiber on the evolution of water evaporation and cracking characteristics of silt soil","authors":"Min Sun, Xuefeng Li, Dingyang Zhang, Bin Li, Jiafang Hao, Jiawei Liu","doi":"10.1139/cjss-2023-0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2023-0107","url":null,"abstract":"Cultivated land is prone to cracking in high temperature season, resulting in accelerated water evaporation, incomplete soil structure and waste of resources caused by pollutants entering the soil. In this study, image analysis technology was used to compare the effects of two kinds of fibers on the drying and shrinkage characteristics of silt under the same volume. The results show that during cracking process, water evaporation can be divided into three phases: constant rate stage, deceleration rate stage, and residual stage. The crack rate of 0.08% basalt fiber-treated soil and 0.06% carbon fiber-treated soil is reduced by 27.66% and 27.98%, respectively. The addition of fibers acts like a bridge, narrowing the concentration of crack width from 0.2-0.8 mm to 0-0.6 mm, increasing short cracks of 0-5 mm and decreasing long cracks larger than 5 mm, thus reducing the soil cracking rate. With rough surface and high elastic modulus of fibers, the addition of fibers enhances the friction between soil particles to limit the movement of soil mass, and bears part of the tensile stress when cracking. It increases the tensile strength between the soil mass and effectively reduces the crack rate. It is found that the improvement effect of basalt fiber is relatively better and the economic benefit is higher under the same volume.","PeriodicalId":505160,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","volume":"51 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139961506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soil phosphorus improved the soil organic carbon of converted forestland from cropland within southern Qinling-Daba Mountains, China 土壤磷改善了中国秦岭-大巴山南麓耕地改造林地的土壤有机碳

Canadian Journal of Soil Science Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1139/cjss-2023-0074

Xujia Li, Lixin Chen, Bo Wang, Wei Dang

{"title":"Soil phosphorus improved the soil organic carbon of converted forestland from cropland within southern Qinling-Daba Mountains, China","authors":"Xujia Li, Lixin Chen, Bo Wang, Wei Dang","doi":"10.1139/cjss-2023-0074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2023-0074","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies showed that the program of converted forestland from cropland (CFC), initiated by the Chinese government in 1999, has been a significant contributor to China's efforts towards carbon neutrality. Here, the 20-year CFCs of two aspects (sunny and shady) and three positions (upper, middle and lower) hillslopes, adjacent maize (Zea mays L.) cropland and natural secondary Castanea mollissima forest (CCF) within southern Qinling-Daba Mountains region (Qinba) had been selected as the targets. The soil bulk density (SBD), concentrations of SOC (SOCC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) had been determined. The results showed that SBD increased with depth, and other parameters decreased, which varied largely with the aspect and position. The SOC stocks (SOCS) of CCF, cropland, and CFC were 152.81 ± 5.17, 168.19 ± 11.87, and 183.92 ± 35.69 Mg C hm-2, respectively. The SOCCs of CCF, cropland, and CFC were 17.71 ± 4.38, 20.23 ± 5.28, and 21.89 ± 7.33 g kg-1, respectively. The CFC increased the correlations between SOC and TP, and decreased the correlations between SOC and TN. The CFC shifted the relationships of lg SOC vs. lg N:P and lg SOC vs. lg TP from decreasing returns of cropland to isometric. Overall, the CFCs enhanced SOC, especially in the middle shady hillslopes within the southern middle-mountain of Qinba. In contrast, SOC levels decreased in the sunny upper hillslopes.We presented the evidence that hillslopes aspect and position had significant effects on SOC, which was regulated by soil phosphorus.","PeriodicalId":505160,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","volume":"109 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139614792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Refinement of the Carbon to Loss on Ignition Relationship in Forest Soils 森林土壤中碳与点火损失关系的改进

Canadian Journal of Soil Science Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1139/cjss-2023-0089

Grady Boyle, Evan S Kane, Lucas Nave, Katherine Heckman, Martin Jurgensen

引用次数: 0

Predictive map of soil texture classes using decision tree model and neural network with features of geomorphology level 利用决策树模型和具有地貌特征的神经网络绘制土壤质地等级预测图

Canadian Journal of Soil Science Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1139/cjss-2023-0011

Mohammad Ali Sabbaghi, M. Esfandiari, K. Eftekhari, A. Torkashvand

{"title":"Predictive map of soil texture classes using decision tree model and neural network with features of geomorphology level","authors":"Mohammad Ali Sabbaghi, M. Esfandiari, K. Eftekhari, A. Torkashvand","doi":"10.1139/cjss-2023-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2023-0011","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to compare decision tree (DT) and artificial neural network (ANN) models, in addition, the efficiency of geomorphic surface attributes in predicting soil texture classes. The study area is located in the north of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, central west Iran, and covers 6875 ha. Ninety-six pedons were excavated on separated geoforms. Soil samples of top soil (A horizon) were analyzed for clay, sand, and silt contents. Totally 57 auxiliary variables, including the derivatives of digital elevation model (DEM), Landsat 8 images, geomorphic surface map, geology map, and land-use map, were used to predict both soil texture classes and soil particle size fractions. Root-mean-square error (RMSE), R² or the coefficient of determination ( R_square), overall accuracy, and Kappa coefficient were selected as criteria for evaluating model performance. The R-square coefficients of clay, silt, and sand fractions for both models, respectively, were 0.41, 0.25, and 0.63 for ANN and 0.52, 0.62, and 0.75 for DT. According to RMSE, R-square, overall accuracy, and Kapa coefficient of validation data, the DT model produced better prediction fits to the both soil particle-size fraction and soil texture classes and was the most accurate classifier model. The parameters were 0.59, 0.09, 0.66, and 0.24 for ANN and 0.41, 0.75, 0.76, and 0.60 for DT models, respectively. The accuracy of each individual soil texture class was generally dependent upon the number of soil texture observations in each texture class. According to this fact, both models had better prediction for silty clay loam and clay loam texture classes.","PeriodicalId":505160,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Soil Science","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139624175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0