IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Erde Pub Date : 2019-03-27 DOI: 10.12854/ERDE-2019-381

Ahmed El-Dorghamy, A. Mosa, B. Lenz

{"title":"Children's motility in an informal settlement in Cairo and parental influence: implications for de-motorization","authors":"Ahmed El-Dorghamy, A. Mosa, B. Lenz","doi":"10.12854/ERDE-2019-381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12854/ERDE-2019-381","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates actual and potential mobility of children as enabled by themselves and their parents in a case study of one informal settlement in Cairo called Ezbet El-Haggana. Results aim to contribute to the discussion about possibilities for such settlements to avoid the typical trajectory of increased car-dependence observed in other parts of Cairo as with global trends. It is based on five Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with children and four FGDs with mothers, together with field observations. A philosophical approach based onVincent Kaufmann’s notion of motility (potentiality of mobility) was employed to elucidate subjective factors influencing mobility. Based on results, the study argues that an informal settlement can contain not only physical prerequisites, but also behavioral and socio-cultural prerequisites that may facilitate a direct transition (leapfrogging) to a future of sustainable mobility and associated behavior and norms. An observed ingenuity, behavioral adaptation, and various means of compensation for resource scarcity enable both parents and children to exhibit travel behavior that is coincidentally sustainable and resilient, thereby positioning the inhabitants to better adapt to introduced sustainable transport interventions. Findings led to a conceptualization of a framework for analysis based on motility, which is expanded to account for the dynamics of motility enhancement found in the case study, where aspects of one’s skills, access, and appropriation are altered to mutually compensate for each other to maintain motility, or otherwise exhibit deficiencies that can be identified and addressed.","PeriodicalId":50505,"journal":{"name":"Erde","volume":"21 1","pages":"17-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87317771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Satellite imagery evidence for a multiannual water level decline in Hulun Lake, China, with suggestions to future policy making responses 中国呼伦湖多年水位下降的卫星图像证据，以及对未来政策制定对策的建议

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Erde Pub Date : 2019-03-27 DOI: 10.12854/ERDE-2019-406

Chunlan Li, W. Filho, G. Nagy, J. Wang, A. Ciani, Henry Sidsaph, M. Fedoruk, Shan Yin, Y. Bao, D. Ayal, Richa Hu

引用次数: 2

Book reviews - Rezensionen 书评——Rezensionen

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Erde Pub Date : 2018-12-19 DOI: 10.4337/ejeep.2010.01.14

Martin Sarnow, G. Nützmann, W. Schenk, Robert Kitzmann

引用次数: 0

Heavy metal contamination of soils in China: standards, geographic distribution, and food safety considerations. A review 中国土壤重金属污染:标准、地理分布和食品安全考虑。回顾

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Erde Pub Date : 2018-12-19 DOI: 10.12854/erde-2018-397

C. O. Delang

{"title":"Heavy metal contamination of soils in China: standards, geographic distribution, and food safety considerations. A review","authors":"C. O. Delang","doi":"10.12854/erde-2018-397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12854/erde-2018-397","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews the conditions of heavy metal contamination of China’s soils. The article starts with a discussion of the official environmental standards of soils in China, in terms of heavy metal contamination, and the extent of that contamination. Then, the article discusses the geographic distribution of soil contamination, and the food safety impact. The problem in China is that the provinces with the highest rates of soil contamination are also provinces with the largest amount of food production. This results in high contamination of food, with 13.86 % of grain produced in China being affected by heavy metal contamination. Hunan Province represents the worst conditions: it is responsible for 32.1 % of China’s cadmium (Cd) emissions, 20.6 % of its arsenic (As) emissions, 58.7 % of its mercury (Hg) emissions, and 24.6 % of its lead (Pb) emissions. While Hunan Province produces about 15 % of the total rice output of the country, according to official data, 13 % ofthe total area of the province has been contaminated with waste and heavy metals from mines. In many areas, especially those closer to mines, the agricultural production exceeds the official food safety standards.","PeriodicalId":50505,"journal":{"name":"Erde","volume":"5 1","pages":"261-268"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2018-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88803538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

How do online community platforms and associated offline meetings support highly skilled (re-)migration? The case of the Rückkehrerstammtisch in Istanbul 在线社区平台和相关的离线会议如何支持高技能(再)移民?伊斯坦布尔的<s:1> ckkehrerstammtisch案件

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Erde Pub Date : 2018-12-19 DOI: 10.12854/ERDE-2018-394

Philip Müller, Tobias König

引用次数: 1

Future agricultural conditions in the Nepal himalaya-a fuzzy logic approach using high resolution climate scenarios 尼泊尔喜马拉雅山未来农业条件——基于高分辨率气候情景的模糊逻辑方法

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Erde Pub Date : 2018-12-19 DOI: 10.12854/ERDE-2018-382

Katharina Heider, Thomas Weinzierl, N. Schwab, Maria Bobrowski, U. Schickhoff

{"title":"Future agricultural conditions in the Nepal himalaya-a fuzzy logic approach using high resolution climate scenarios","authors":"Katharina Heider, Thomas Weinzierl, N. Schwab, Maria Bobrowski, U. Schickhoff","doi":"10.12854/ERDE-2018-382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12854/ERDE-2018-382","url":null,"abstract":"Until the end of the 21st century, ongoing climate change is expected to trigger major changes in site conditions and vertical species distributions in high mountain regions such as the Himalaya. Altitudinal ranges of species used as staple crops in Himalayan agriculture and currently suitable cultivation areas will be affected as well. Changing climatic variables such as temperature and precipitation will modify agricultural land-use options, and assessments of future crop growth conditions are in high demand. This GIS-based approach utilizes high resolution climate data of the present and two future scenarios and relates them to bioclimatic requirements of the five most important crops grown in Nepal: rice, maize, wheat, finger millet and potato. It takes into account soil pH as a basic constraint for the individual crop. The three factors temperature, precipitation,and soil pH are then combined using a fuzzy logic algorithm. The assessment visualizes the expected shifts in suitable cultivation zones for the individual crops. The results show that wheat is likely to experience the most severe loss of crop suitability until the end of the 21st century, while the cultivation of rice is likely to benefit.","PeriodicalId":50505,"journal":{"name":"Erde","volume":"96 1","pages":"227-240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2018-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80223271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Implications of hydraulic anisotropy in periglacial cover beds for flood simulation in low mountain ranges (Ore Mountains, Germany) 冰缘覆盖层水力各向异性对低山区洪水模拟的意义(Ore Mountains，德国)

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Erde Pub Date : 2018-09-27 DOI: 10.12854/ERDE-2018-374

Christian Reinhardt-Imjela, Katja Maerker, A. Schulte, A. Kleber

{"title":"Implications of hydraulic anisotropy in periglacial cover beds for flood simulation in low mountain ranges (Ore Mountains, Germany)","authors":"Christian Reinhardt-Imjela, Katja Maerker, A. Schulte, A. Kleber","doi":"10.12854/ERDE-2018-374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12854/ERDE-2018-374","url":null,"abstract":"The simulation of floods with conceptual rainfall-runoff models is a frequently used method for various applications in flood risk management. In mountain areas, the identification of the optimum model parameters during the calibration is often difficult because of the complexity and variability of catchment properties and hydrological processes. Central European mountain ranges are typically covered by Pleistocene periglacial slope deposits. The hydraulic conductivity of the cover beds shows a high degree of anisotropy, so it is important to understand the role of this effect in flood models of mesoscale mountain watersheds. Based on previous field work, the study analyses the sensitivity of the NASIM modeling system to a variation of vertical and lateral hydraulic conductivity for the Upper Floha watershed (Ore Mountains, Germany). Depending on the objective function (Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient, peak discharge), two diametric parameter sets were identified both resulting in a high goodness-of-fit for total discharge of the flood events, but only one reflects the hydrological process knowledge. In a second step, the knowledge of the spatial distribution of the cover beds is used to investigate the potential for a simplification of the model parameterisation. The soil types commonly used for the spatial discretisation of rainfall-runoff models were aggregated to one main class (periglacial cover beds only). With such a simplified model, the total flood discharge and the runoff components were simulated with the same goodness of fit as with the original model. In general, the results point out that the anisotropy in the unsaturated zone, which is intensified by periglacial cover beds, is an important element of flood models. First, a parameter set corresponding to the hydraulic anisotropy in the cover beds is essential for the optimum reproduction of the flood dynamics. Second, a discretisation of soil types is not necessarily required for flood modeling in Central European mountain areas.","PeriodicalId":50505,"journal":{"name":"Erde","volume":"2 1","pages":"86-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87975272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Change of regulating ecosystem services in the Danube floodplain over the past 150 years induced by land use change and human infrastructure 土地利用变化和人类基础设施对多瑙河漫滩150年来调节生态系统服务功能的影响

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Erde Pub Date : 2018-09-27 DOI: 10.12854/ERDE-2018-378

B. Stammel, Mira Amtmann, M. Gelhaus, B. Cyffka

{"title":"Change of regulating ecosystem services in the Danube floodplain over the past 150 years induced by land use change and human infrastructure","authors":"B. Stammel, Mira Amtmann, M. Gelhaus, B. Cyffka","doi":"10.12854/ERDE-2018-378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12854/ERDE-2018-378","url":null,"abstract":"Ecosystem services in floodplains are manifold. The regulating services regarding hydrological issues (e.g. flood protection, water purification) are of particular importance along rivers, and depend strongly on size and land use of the floodplain. In this paper, we transfer the commonly known land use changes in floodplains over the last 150 years into significant changes of the amount of different regulating ecosystem services. We investigated a floodplain stretch of 17 km along the Danube in Germany (approx. 90 km²). Thus, we mapped the spatial expansion of the active floodplain and the land use distribution for three different times: the earliest (not the pristine) state of 1869 on the basis of a historical map, 1963 after river regulation and 2013 as navigation channel with a hydropower dam on the basis of aerial photographs. The land use types woodland, grassland, arable land, settlements, and water bodies were distinguished. On the basis of land use as a proxy, we calculated the potential of four ecosystem services (flood retention, nitrogen and phosphorous retention, habitat provision) according to the method of Scholz et al. (2012a). The spatial extension of the active floodplain was continuously reduced from 56 km² (1869) to 18 km² (1963) to 11 km² (2013). The amount of grassland and arable land was reduced significantly in the active floodplain, whereas woodland increased. This entails a decrease of f lood retention (-80%), and nutrient retention (nitrogen: -60%, phosphor: -76%). Likewise, habitat provision was significantly reduced. In total, the potential benefits for humans have been negatively affected over the time by land use change and, above all, by the construction of embankments. Therefore, ecosystem services should be regarded by future floodplain management.","PeriodicalId":50505,"journal":{"name":"Erde","volume":"29 1","pages":"145-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84491655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Editorial: Cities and the politics of urban sustainability 社论:城市和城市可持续发展的政治

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Erde Pub Date : 2017-12-21 DOI: 10.12854/ERDE-148-48

Samuel Mössner, Tim Freytag, B. Miller

引用次数: 1

Urban Sustainability as a Political Instrument in the Gulf Region exemplified at Projects in Abu Dhabi 作为海湾地区政治工具的城市可持续性以阿布扎比项目为例

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Erde Pub Date : 2017-12-21 DOI: 10.3929/ETHZ-B-000238573

Veronika Cummings, A. V. Richthofen

{"title":"Urban Sustainability as a Political Instrument in the Gulf Region exemplified at Projects in Abu Dhabi","authors":"Veronika Cummings, A. V. Richthofen","doi":"10.3929/ETHZ-B-000238573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3929/ETHZ-B-000238573","url":null,"abstract":"The states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) are highly urbanised. The urban areas in the Gulf are nationally and internationally the focal point of economic development and political attention. Gulf cities are under rapid transformation and spaces of social, economic, ecological and political conflicts. While such dynamics gave rise to a differentiated debate on the political and social dimensions of urban sustainability in postindustrialised countries elsewhere, the narrative differs radically for the Gulf region. Urban sustainability in the Gulf will be discussed in this paper along three case-studies from Abu Dhabi that relate to the terminological and practical inception, adoption and transformation of the concept: The selected examples are modern residential neighbourhoods, the Abu Dhabi Vision 2030, and the eco-city model of Masdar. In combination with the general urban planning history of the city, these projects allow to trace the concept of urban sustainability in time and to understand its adoption into the Arabic language and the interrelations of the term to the Gulf regions’ specific political, ideological, and socio-cultural structures. Based on the works of Gunder (2006), Davidson (2010) and Brown (2016) the case studies reflect the concept of sustainability reduced to ‘sustainable development’. As such, it is becoming an ‘empty signifier’ that can be applied or instrumentalised by the ruling elites. This paper argues that the concept of urban sustainability in the Gulf is a foreign ‘import’ that serves in situ as a political instrument controlled by the ruling elites to stabilise the existing hegemonic power structures and to legitimise the political order.","PeriodicalId":50505,"journal":{"name":"Erde","volume":"469 1","pages":"253-267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2017-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86722290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Erde最新文献