German HistoryPub Date : 2024-04-05DOI: 10.1093/gerhis/ghae018
Thomas Brodie, B. Heal
{"title":"Introduction: Houses of Worship in Times of War","authors":"Thomas Brodie, B. Heal","doi":"10.1093/gerhis/ghae018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghae018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The introduction to the Special Issue ‘Houses of Worship in Times of War’, surveying the relevant historical literature on war and religion and providing an overview of the key themes of the essays.","PeriodicalId":505034,"journal":{"name":"German History","volume":"23 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140739061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
German HistoryPub Date : 2024-04-03DOI: 10.1093/gerhis/ghae009
B. Heal
{"title":"Lutheran Churches during the Thirty Years War","authors":"B. Heal","doi":"10.1093/gerhis/ghae009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghae009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Literary and artistic sources from the era of the Thirty Years War provide vivid accounts of the destruction and desecration of churches. This essay looks beyond these highly emotive descriptions and explores the fate of churches in Electoral Saxony, one of the worst-affected areas of the Holy Roman Empire. It considers patterns of destruction and argues that the plundering and desecration of Lutheran churches by Swedish troops was especially shocking to contemporaries. After the war, the reconstruction and refurbishing of churches was a key part of recovery. Records emphasize the importance of local communal endeavours in restoring what had been lost, from whole buildings to furnishings such as altarpieces and liturgical vessels. Wartime destruction reinforced the Lutheran proclivity for well-ordered and ornate places of worship. The essay ends with a consideration of wartime commemoration, investigating how the traumas of the period registered in the material fabric of Saxony’s churches.","PeriodicalId":505034,"journal":{"name":"German History","volume":"782 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140749025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
German HistoryPub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1093/gerhis/ghae010
Thomas Brodie
{"title":"Sacred Space, Mourning and the War Dead in Protestant Germany, 1945–","authors":"Thomas Brodie","doi":"10.1093/gerhis/ghae010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghae010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Using the Flensburg Memorial Dispute of 1967 as a microstudy, this article explores how Germany’s twentieth-century war dead have been represented within Protestant sacred space since 1945. It highlights the central role played by church spaces in the mourning and commemoration of Germany’s war dead and the tremendous difficulties accompanying attempts to redesign these iconographies in the later twentieth century in the face of popular sentiment.","PeriodicalId":505034,"journal":{"name":"German History","volume":"209 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140756485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
German HistoryPub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.1093/gerhis/ghae016
B. Ziemann
{"title":"Pionier und Außenseiter: Gustav Mayer. Deutsch-jüdischer Historiker des Sozialismus","authors":"B. Ziemann","doi":"10.1093/gerhis/ghae016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghae016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505034,"journal":{"name":"German History","volume":"23 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
German HistoryPub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.1093/gerhis/ghae013
Anna Hájková
{"title":"Rain of Ash: Roma, Jews, and the Holocaust","authors":"Anna Hájková","doi":"10.1093/gerhis/ghae013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghae013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505034,"journal":{"name":"German History","volume":"32 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
German HistoryPub Date : 2024-03-23DOI: 10.1093/gerhis/ghae005
Paul Betts
{"title":"Sacred Rubble and Humble Shelters: German Church Building after the Second World War","authors":"Paul Betts","doi":"10.1093/gerhis/ghae005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghae005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article centres on the cultural politics behind the feverish construction of new houses of worship in West Germany, as well as the restoration of damaged cathedrals and churches, in the first two decades after 1945. At issue is how and why ecclesiastical architecture took on heightened cultural significance at the time, attracting a star-studded group of international architects. After the war, church-building resumed its leading historical role from before the Industrial Revolution as the avant-garde of innovative international architecture, although its comeback has been largely overlooked by architectural and cultural historians alike. While these changes reflected broader international trends, the German situation took on special significance in light of the Nazi legacy of defeat, destruction and dislocation, as well as the pressing need to fabricate new churches for survivors and the millions of expellees arriving in western Germany. Discussions of ecclesiastical architecture therefore touched on broader issues of German history, identity and Christian renewal, and the very form of these houses of worship reflected a unique blend of avant-garde architecture and Christian theology in the aftermath of war.","PeriodicalId":505034,"journal":{"name":"German History","volume":" 93","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140210852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
German HistoryPub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.1093/gerhis/ghae004
Emily Fisher Gray
{"title":"Fighting over Churches: Augsburg and Multiconfessional Cities in the Thirty Years War","authors":"Emily Fisher Gray","doi":"10.1093/gerhis/ghae004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghae004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The religious overtones of the Thirty Years War (1618–1648) resonated in particular in multiconfessional towns and cities like Augsburg. Not only were churches destroyed, desecrated or reassigned in deliberate acts of war, but the military supremacy of one side or the other could mean a permanent end to the ability of a portion of the city’s inhabitants to practise their religion. In 1648 the Peace of Westphalia recognized the existence of multiple confessions and clarified ownership of church properties, allowing minority confessions to rebuild their churches and schools. In some multiconfessional towns such as Heidelberg and Hanau, Lutheran congregations took advantage of the provisions of the peace to build elaborate churches where none had existed before. Lingering fear of confessional annihilation drove postwar fundraising efforts for the building or rebuilding of churches. The memory of the trauma of war was expressed in confessionally specific ways until the significance of religious coexistence in German history was reassessed after the Second World War.","PeriodicalId":505034,"journal":{"name":"German History","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140228193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
German HistoryPub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1093/gerhis/ghae003
Michael Rowe
{"title":"Desecration, Secularization, Restoration: Cologne’s Churches during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, 1792–1815","authors":"Michael Rowe","doi":"10.1093/gerhis/ghae003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghae003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Napoleonic era was transformative for Cologne’s churches. The wars that characterized this period brought destruction and upheaval. The invading French army that occupied the city in 1794 was an agent of the new Republic, a polity then at war with Catholicism. Most spectacularly, this resulted in the desacralization of Cologne’s churches, some of which were turned into storage depots for the army or made into temples for the new republican cult. However, once Napoleon seized control of the Republic in 1799, a new French policy was enforced in the city and surrounding region. It restored many aspects of the old familiar religious order, but at the same time created new institutions of church management and preservation that survived the end of French rule in 1814.","PeriodicalId":505034,"journal":{"name":"German History","volume":"87 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140254192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
German HistoryPub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.1093/gerhis/ghae002
Christina Wirth
{"title":"Germany on Their Minds: German Jewish Refugees in the United States and Their Relationships with Germany, 1938–1988","authors":"Christina Wirth","doi":"10.1093/gerhis/ghae002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghae002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505034,"journal":{"name":"German History","volume":"44 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140487521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
German HistoryPub Date : 2024-01-24DOI: 10.1093/gerhis/ghad063
Joachim C. Häberlen
{"title":"Das Prinzip Bewegung. Theorie, Praxis und Radikalisierung in der West-Berliner Linken 1961–1972","authors":"Joachim C. Häberlen","doi":"10.1093/gerhis/ghad063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerhis/ghad063","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505034,"journal":{"name":"German History","volume":"33 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139599052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}